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In the NiTi shape memory alloys (SMAs), the macro-mechanical deformations and the microstructural evolutions at different strain-rates (0.001-1200 s-1) are investigated. It is found that the detwinning stress of martensitic twin increases with strain-rate increasing, which indicates that the detwinning stress has the positive strain-rate dependence. A large number of detwinning regions are found in the NiTi specimen which is deformed at the strain-rate of 10 s-1 under tension. However, with the strain-rate further increasing up to 100 s-1 and 1200 s-1, no detwinning region is observed and many twins still exist. It is shown that the detwinning rates of martensitic twin in NiTi SMAs are in a range of 10-100 s-1. Simultaneously, thermally-induced austenite is detected in the NiTi specimens deformed at high strain-rates (≥qslant10 s-1). It is ascribed to the fact that there is a change from the isothermal process to the adiabatic process when the tensile strain-rate goes up to a critical value. Additionally, a small shoulder peak is detected in differential scanning calorimeter peak of 1200 s-1 strain-rate specimen, indicating that the two-stage phase transformation occurs.
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Keywords:
- NiTi shape memory alloys /
- high-speed tensile /
- strain rate dependence /
- transmission electron microscopy
[1] Tsoi K A, Stalmans R, Schrooten J, Wevers M, Mai Y W 2003 Mater. Sci. Eng. A 342 207
[2] Dolce M, Cardone D, Marnetto R 2000 Earthq. Eng. Struct. Dyn. 29 945
[3] Zi-xue Q, Xing-tian Y, Jiang Y, Costas S 2006 Smart Mater. Struct. 15 1047
[4] Liu Y, Li Y, Xie Z, Ramesh K T 2002 Philos. Mag. Lett. 82 511
[5] Chang B C, Shaw J, Iadicola M 2006 Continuum Mech. Thermodyn. 18 83
[6] Li H, Mao C, Ou J 2005 J. Mater. Civ. Eng. 17 676
[7] Schmidt I 2006 J. Eng. Mater. Technol. 128 279
[8] Shaw J A, Kyriakides S 1995 J. Mech. Phys. Solids 43 1243
[9] Tobushi H, Shimeno Y, Hachisuka T, Tanaka K 1998 Mech. Mater. 30 141
[10] Tobushi H, Takata K, Shimeno Y, Nowacki W K, Gadaj S P 1999 J. Mater. Des. Appl. 213 93
[11] Chen W W, Wu Q, Kang J H, Winfree N A 2001 Int. J. Solids Struct. 38 8989
[12] Liu Y, Li Y, Ramesh K T 2002 Philos. Mag. A 82 2461
[13] Liu Y, Humbeeck Jv, Li Y, Ramesh K T 1999 Scripta Mater. 41 89
[14] Liu Y, Xie Z, van Humbeeck J 1999 Mater. Sci. Eng. A 273-275 673
[15] Nemat-Nasser S, Choi J Y, Guo W G, Isaacs J B 2005 Mech. Mater. 37 287
[16] Nemat-Nasser S, Choi J Y 2005 Acta Mater. 53 449
[17] Kolsky H 1949 Proc. Phys. Soc. London. Sect. B 62 676
[18] Xu X, Thadhani N N 2001 Scripta Mater. 44 2477
[19] Liu H T, Sun G A, Wang Y D, Chen B, Wang X L 2013 Acta Phys. Sin. 62 018103 (in Chinese) [刘洪涛, 孙光爱, 王沿东, 陈波, 汪小琳 2013 62 018103]
[20] Liu H C, Wu S K, Chou T S 1991 Acta Metall. Mater. 39 2069
[21] Nakayama H, Tsuchiya K, Umemoto M 2001 Scripta Mater. 44 1781
[22] Carroll M C, Somsen C, Eggeler G 2004 Scripta Mater. 50 187
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[1] Tsoi K A, Stalmans R, Schrooten J, Wevers M, Mai Y W 2003 Mater. Sci. Eng. A 342 207
[2] Dolce M, Cardone D, Marnetto R 2000 Earthq. Eng. Struct. Dyn. 29 945
[3] Zi-xue Q, Xing-tian Y, Jiang Y, Costas S 2006 Smart Mater. Struct. 15 1047
[4] Liu Y, Li Y, Xie Z, Ramesh K T 2002 Philos. Mag. Lett. 82 511
[5] Chang B C, Shaw J, Iadicola M 2006 Continuum Mech. Thermodyn. 18 83
[6] Li H, Mao C, Ou J 2005 J. Mater. Civ. Eng. 17 676
[7] Schmidt I 2006 J. Eng. Mater. Technol. 128 279
[8] Shaw J A, Kyriakides S 1995 J. Mech. Phys. Solids 43 1243
[9] Tobushi H, Shimeno Y, Hachisuka T, Tanaka K 1998 Mech. Mater. 30 141
[10] Tobushi H, Takata K, Shimeno Y, Nowacki W K, Gadaj S P 1999 J. Mater. Des. Appl. 213 93
[11] Chen W W, Wu Q, Kang J H, Winfree N A 2001 Int. J. Solids Struct. 38 8989
[12] Liu Y, Li Y, Ramesh K T 2002 Philos. Mag. A 82 2461
[13] Liu Y, Humbeeck Jv, Li Y, Ramesh K T 1999 Scripta Mater. 41 89
[14] Liu Y, Xie Z, van Humbeeck J 1999 Mater. Sci. Eng. A 273-275 673
[15] Nemat-Nasser S, Choi J Y, Guo W G, Isaacs J B 2005 Mech. Mater. 37 287
[16] Nemat-Nasser S, Choi J Y 2005 Acta Mater. 53 449
[17] Kolsky H 1949 Proc. Phys. Soc. London. Sect. B 62 676
[18] Xu X, Thadhani N N 2001 Scripta Mater. 44 2477
[19] Liu H T, Sun G A, Wang Y D, Chen B, Wang X L 2013 Acta Phys. Sin. 62 018103 (in Chinese) [刘洪涛, 孙光爱, 王沿东, 陈波, 汪小琳 2013 62 018103]
[20] Liu H C, Wu S K, Chou T S 1991 Acta Metall. Mater. 39 2069
[21] Nakayama H, Tsuchiya K, Umemoto M 2001 Scripta Mater. 44 1781
[22] Carroll M C, Somsen C, Eggeler G 2004 Scripta Mater. 50 187
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