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Highly dispersed granular nano-composite material of CoFe2O4 and MnFe2O4 with an average size of 20 nm is synthesized through thermal decomposition. The soft-hard magnet exchange-spring effect is observed in magnetization measurements at low temperatures, and is found to be strongly affected by the temperature of the reaction and the composition ratio between soft and hard magnetic phases. Magnetization measurements at different temperatures show that at 20 K, the saturation magnetization increases significantly, which is attributed to the freezing of the spin-glass like state at the surface of the nano-composite material. A Henkel Plot measurement on our sample shows that for the dispersed composite material of CoFe2O4 and MnFe2O4, the dipole interaction is dominant among magnetic interactions.
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Keywords:
- thermal decomposition /
- soft-hard magnet exchange-spring effect /
- freezing effect of surface spins /
- Henkel
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[3] Boyen H G, Kstle G, Zrn G, Herzog T, Weigl F, Ziemann P, Mayer O, Jerome C, Mller M, Spatz P, Garnier M, Oelhafen P 2003 Adv. Funct. Mater. 13 359
[4] Zeng H, Li L, Wang Z L, Liu J P, Sun S 2004 Nano Lett. 4 187
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[7] Cui W B, Liu W, Gong W J, Liu X H, Guo S, Yang F, Wang Z H, Zhang Z D 2012 J. Appl. Phys. 111 07B503
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[9] Soares J M, Cabral F A O, de Araújo A H, Machado F L A 2011 Appl. Phys. Lett. 98 072502
[10] Fei C L, Zhang Y, Yang Z H, Liu Y, Xiong R, Shi J, Ruan X F 2011 J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 323 1811
[11] Manaf A, Buckley R A, Davies H A 1993 J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 128 302
[12] Ding J, McCormick P G, Street R 1993 J. Magn. Magn. Mater 124 1
[13] Hamada N, Mishima C, Mitarati H, Honkura Y 2003 IEEE. Trans. Magn. 5 2953
[14] Mamoru O 2000 Mater. Sci. Eng. A 287 183
[15] Song Q, Ding Y, Wang Z L, Zhang Z 2007 Chem. Mater. 19 4633
[16] Roy D, Anil Lumar P S 2009 J. Appl. Phys. 106 073902
[17] Roy D, Shivakumara C, Anil Kumar P S 2009 J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 321 11
[18] Vázquez-Vázquez C, López-Quintela M A, Buján-Núñez M C, Rivas J 2011 J. Nanopart Res. 13 1663
[19] Henkel O 1964 Phys. Status Solidi 7 919
[20] García-Otero J, Porto M, Rivas J 2000 J. Appl. Phys. 87 7376
[21] Stoner E C, Wohlfarth E P 1948 Philos. Trans. R. Soc. London Ser. A 240 599
[22] Balaji G, Wilde G, Weissmüller J, Gajbhiye N S, Sankaranarayanan V K 2004 Phys. Stat. Sol. B 241 1589
[23] Zhang Y, Liu Y, Fei C L, Yang Z H, Lu Z H, Xiong R, Yin D, Shi J 2012 J. Appl. Phys. 108 084312
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[1] Kneller E F, Hawig R 1991 IEEE Trans. Magn. 27 3588
[2] Skumryev V, Stoyanov S, Zhang Y, Hadjipanayis G, Givord D, Nogués J 2003 Nature 423 850
[3] Boyen H G, Kstle G, Zrn G, Herzog T, Weigl F, Ziemann P, Mayer O, Jerome C, Mller M, Spatz P, Garnier M, Oelhafen P 2003 Adv. Funct. Mater. 13 359
[4] Zeng H, Li L, Wang Z L, Liu J P, Sun S 2004 Nano Lett. 4 187
[5] Li J, Zeng H, Sun S, Liu J P, Wang Z L 2004 J. Phys. Chem. B 108 14005
[6] Gao R W, Feng W C, Liu H Q, Wang B, Chen W 2003 J. Appl. Phys. 94 664
[7] Cui W B, Liu W, Gong W J, Liu X H, Guo S, Yang F, Wang Z H, Zhang Z D 2012 J. Appl. Phys. 111 07B503
[8] Donnell K O, Coey J M D 1997 J. Appl. Phys. 81 6310
[9] Soares J M, Cabral F A O, de Araújo A H, Machado F L A 2011 Appl. Phys. Lett. 98 072502
[10] Fei C L, Zhang Y, Yang Z H, Liu Y, Xiong R, Shi J, Ruan X F 2011 J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 323 1811
[11] Manaf A, Buckley R A, Davies H A 1993 J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 128 302
[12] Ding J, McCormick P G, Street R 1993 J. Magn. Magn. Mater 124 1
[13] Hamada N, Mishima C, Mitarati H, Honkura Y 2003 IEEE. Trans. Magn. 5 2953
[14] Mamoru O 2000 Mater. Sci. Eng. A 287 183
[15] Song Q, Ding Y, Wang Z L, Zhang Z 2007 Chem. Mater. 19 4633
[16] Roy D, Anil Lumar P S 2009 J. Appl. Phys. 106 073902
[17] Roy D, Shivakumara C, Anil Kumar P S 2009 J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 321 11
[18] Vázquez-Vázquez C, López-Quintela M A, Buján-Núñez M C, Rivas J 2011 J. Nanopart Res. 13 1663
[19] Henkel O 1964 Phys. Status Solidi 7 919
[20] García-Otero J, Porto M, Rivas J 2000 J. Appl. Phys. 87 7376
[21] Stoner E C, Wohlfarth E P 1948 Philos. Trans. R. Soc. London Ser. A 240 599
[22] Balaji G, Wilde G, Weissmüller J, Gajbhiye N S, Sankaranarayanan V K 2004 Phys. Stat. Sol. B 241 1589
[23] Zhang Y, Liu Y, Fei C L, Yang Z H, Lu Z H, Xiong R, Yin D, Shi J 2012 J. Appl. Phys. 108 084312
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