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In a traveling wave tube, efficiency of multistage depressed collector (MDC) is very important because it is closely related to total efficiency. The correct estimate of the efficiencies of MDC and TWT can help us predict TWT's whole function and provide a theoretical guidance for developing pertinent software, which therefore plays an important role in optimizing MDC and improving TWT total efficiency. Although formula for predicting MDC efficiency was given by Kosmahl in 1980, whose estimation is much higher than the measured value, a more accurate formula is still necessary. Firstly, the concept of dissipated common difference is used in this paper to estimate the efficiencies of MDC and TWT and then new estimate formulas are obtained by making a model of arithmetic triangular energy distribution for spent beam. It is expected that new formulas give predictions closer to the measured values than the Kosmahl's evaluation. Finally, expression for optimal MDC electrodes is given on the basis of two extreme values, i.e., maximal MDC efficiency and minimal total dissipated energies on all electrodes. The prediction from the expression is reasonable and accurate.
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Keywords:
- multistage depressed collector /
- dissipated common difference /
- arithmetic triangular energy distribution /
- efficiency
[1] Xie H Q, Li C Y, Yan Y, Liu S G 2003 Acta Phys. Sin. 52 914 (in Chinese) [谢鸿全, 李承跃, 鄢扬, 刘盛纲 2003 52 914]
[2] Gao P, Booske J H, Yang Z H, Li B, Xu L, He J, Gong Y B, Tian Z 2010 Acta Phys. Sin. 59 8484 (in Chinese) [高鹏, Booske John H, 杨中海, 李斌, 徐立, 何俊, 宫玉彬, 田忠 2010 59 8484]
[3] Peng W F, Hu Y L, Yang Z H, Li J Q, Lu Q R, Li B 2011 Chin. Phys. B 20 028401
[4] Duan Z Y, Gong Y B, Wei Y Y, Wang W X 2008 Chin. Phys. B 17 2484
[5] Chernin D, Antonsen T M, Levush J B, Whaley D R 2001 IEEE Trans. Electron. Dev. 48 3
[6] Lai G J, Liu P K 2006 Acta Phys. Sin. 55 321 (in Chinese) [来国军, 刘濮鲲 2006 55 321]
[7] Xiao L, Su X B, Liu P K 2006 Acta Phys. Sin. 55 5150 (in Chinese) [肖刘, 苏小保, 刘濮鲲 2006 55 5150]
[8] Chua C, Tsai J M, Aditya S, Tang M, Ho S W, Shen Z X, Wang L 2011 IEEE Trans. Electron. Dev. 58 4098
[9] Li F, Xiao L, Liu P K, Yi H X, Wan X S 2011 Acta Phys. Sin. 60 097901 (in Chinese) [李飞, 肖刘, 刘濮鲲, 易红霞, 万晓声 2011 60 097901]
[10] Peng W F, Yang Z H, Hu Y L, Li J Q, Lu Q R, Li B, 2011 Chin. Phys. B 20 078401
[11] Komm D S, Benton R T, Limburg H C, Menninger W L, Zhai X L 2001 IEEE Trans. Electron. Dev. 48 174
[12] Ramins P, Fox T A August 1981 NASA Technical Paper-1832
[13] Yi H X, Xiao L, Liu P K, Hao B L, Li F, Li G C 2011 Acta Phys. Sin. 60 068403 (in Chinese) [易红霞, 肖刘, 刘濮鲲, 郝保良, 李飞, 李国超 2011 60 068403]
[14] Hu Y L, Yang Z H, Li B, Li J Q, Huang T, Jin X L, Zhu X F, Liang X P 2010 Acta Phys. Sin. 59 5439 (in Chinese) [胡玉禄, 杨中海, 李斌, 李建清, 黄桃, 金晓林, 朱小芳, 梁献普 2010 59 5439]
[15] Ramins P 1984 NASA Technical Paper-2248
[16] Kosmahl H G 1971 NASA Tech. Note TN-D-6093
[17] Hechtel J R 1977 IEEE Trans. Electron Dev. 24 45
[18] Okoshi T 1972 IEEE Trans. Electron Dev. 19 104
[19] Dunn D A, Borghi R P, Wadat G 1960 IRE Trans. Electron Dev. 7 262
[20] Chen T S, Wolkstein H J, Mcmurrough R W 1963 IEEE Trans. Electron Dev. 10 243
[21] Kosmahl H G 1982 Proc. IEEE 70 1325
[22] Kosmahl H G 1980 IEEE Trans. Electron Dev. 27 526
[23] Guo K K 2008 Traveling wave tubes development technology (Beijing: Publishing House of Electronics Industry) (in Chinese) [郭开周 2008 行波管研制技术(北京: 电子工业出版社)]
[24] Dayton J A, Kosmahl H G, Ramins P, Stankiewicz N 1981 IEEE Trans. Electron Dev. 28 1480
[25] Kosmahl H G 1979 IEEE Trans. Electron Dev. 26 156
[26] Du C H, Liu P K, Xue Q Z 2010 Acta Phys. Sin. 59 4612 (in Chinese) [杜朝海, 刘濮鲲, 薛谦忠 2010 59 4612]
[27] Santra M, Kumar L, Balakrishnan J 2011 IEEE Trans. Electron. Dev. 58 4087
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[1] Xie H Q, Li C Y, Yan Y, Liu S G 2003 Acta Phys. Sin. 52 914 (in Chinese) [谢鸿全, 李承跃, 鄢扬, 刘盛纲 2003 52 914]
[2] Gao P, Booske J H, Yang Z H, Li B, Xu L, He J, Gong Y B, Tian Z 2010 Acta Phys. Sin. 59 8484 (in Chinese) [高鹏, Booske John H, 杨中海, 李斌, 徐立, 何俊, 宫玉彬, 田忠 2010 59 8484]
[3] Peng W F, Hu Y L, Yang Z H, Li J Q, Lu Q R, Li B 2011 Chin. Phys. B 20 028401
[4] Duan Z Y, Gong Y B, Wei Y Y, Wang W X 2008 Chin. Phys. B 17 2484
[5] Chernin D, Antonsen T M, Levush J B, Whaley D R 2001 IEEE Trans. Electron. Dev. 48 3
[6] Lai G J, Liu P K 2006 Acta Phys. Sin. 55 321 (in Chinese) [来国军, 刘濮鲲 2006 55 321]
[7] Xiao L, Su X B, Liu P K 2006 Acta Phys. Sin. 55 5150 (in Chinese) [肖刘, 苏小保, 刘濮鲲 2006 55 5150]
[8] Chua C, Tsai J M, Aditya S, Tang M, Ho S W, Shen Z X, Wang L 2011 IEEE Trans. Electron. Dev. 58 4098
[9] Li F, Xiao L, Liu P K, Yi H X, Wan X S 2011 Acta Phys. Sin. 60 097901 (in Chinese) [李飞, 肖刘, 刘濮鲲, 易红霞, 万晓声 2011 60 097901]
[10] Peng W F, Yang Z H, Hu Y L, Li J Q, Lu Q R, Li B, 2011 Chin. Phys. B 20 078401
[11] Komm D S, Benton R T, Limburg H C, Menninger W L, Zhai X L 2001 IEEE Trans. Electron. Dev. 48 174
[12] Ramins P, Fox T A August 1981 NASA Technical Paper-1832
[13] Yi H X, Xiao L, Liu P K, Hao B L, Li F, Li G C 2011 Acta Phys. Sin. 60 068403 (in Chinese) [易红霞, 肖刘, 刘濮鲲, 郝保良, 李飞, 李国超 2011 60 068403]
[14] Hu Y L, Yang Z H, Li B, Li J Q, Huang T, Jin X L, Zhu X F, Liang X P 2010 Acta Phys. Sin. 59 5439 (in Chinese) [胡玉禄, 杨中海, 李斌, 李建清, 黄桃, 金晓林, 朱小芳, 梁献普 2010 59 5439]
[15] Ramins P 1984 NASA Technical Paper-2248
[16] Kosmahl H G 1971 NASA Tech. Note TN-D-6093
[17] Hechtel J R 1977 IEEE Trans. Electron Dev. 24 45
[18] Okoshi T 1972 IEEE Trans. Electron Dev. 19 104
[19] Dunn D A, Borghi R P, Wadat G 1960 IRE Trans. Electron Dev. 7 262
[20] Chen T S, Wolkstein H J, Mcmurrough R W 1963 IEEE Trans. Electron Dev. 10 243
[21] Kosmahl H G 1982 Proc. IEEE 70 1325
[22] Kosmahl H G 1980 IEEE Trans. Electron Dev. 27 526
[23] Guo K K 2008 Traveling wave tubes development technology (Beijing: Publishing House of Electronics Industry) (in Chinese) [郭开周 2008 行波管研制技术(北京: 电子工业出版社)]
[24] Dayton J A, Kosmahl H G, Ramins P, Stankiewicz N 1981 IEEE Trans. Electron Dev. 28 1480
[25] Kosmahl H G 1979 IEEE Trans. Electron Dev. 26 156
[26] Du C H, Liu P K, Xue Q Z 2010 Acta Phys. Sin. 59 4612 (in Chinese) [杜朝海, 刘濮鲲, 薛谦忠 2010 59 4612]
[27] Santra M, Kumar L, Balakrishnan J 2011 IEEE Trans. Electron. Dev. 58 4087
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