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By simulating the field distributions of two optical dipole antenna models with the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method, the variation regularity of their far-field radiation with their length increasing and the factors which can influence their far-field directivity are studied. The results show that the variation regularity of optical dipole antenna is analogous to that of classic symmetrical dipole antenna. But in the far-field directivity plot of optical dipole antenna, side-lobes occur much more quickly, owing to the existence of high-order localized surface plasmon modes. These results hold a significant promise of improving the performance of optical antennas.
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Keywords:
- optical dipole antenna /
- localized surface plasmons /
- gold nano-particles /
- far-field directivity
[1] Barnes W L, Dereux A, Ebbesen T W 2003 Nature 424 824
[2] Xue W R, Guo Y N, Zhang W M 2010 Chin. Phys. B 19 017302
[3] Zhang H F, Cao D, Tao F, Yang X H, Wang Y, Yan X N, Bai L H 2010 Chin. Phys. B 19 027301
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[5] Bai W L, Cai L K, Gan Q Q, Guo B S, Song G F 2009 Acta Phys. Sin. 58 8021 (in Chinese) [白文理、蔡利康、甘巧强、 郭宝山、宋国峰 58 8021] 〖6] Wang J Q, Liang H M, Fang L, Li M, Niu X, Du J L 2009 Chin. Phys. B 18 4870
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[7] Kneipp K, Wang Y, Kneipp H, Perelman L T,Itzkan I, Dasari R R, Feld M S 1997 Phys. Rev. Lett. 78 1667
[8] Lee K S, El-Sayed M A 2006 J. Phys. Chem. B 110 19220
[9] Haes A J, Van Duyne H, R P 2002 J. Am. Chem. Soc. 124 10596
[10] Betzig E, Trautman J K, Harris T D, Weiner J S, Kostelak R L 1991 Science 251 1468
[11] Anderson N, Bouhelier A, Novotny L 2006 J. Opt. A:Pure Appl. Opt. 8 227
[12] Huang C, Bouhelier A, France G C d, Bruyant A, Guenot A, Finot E, Weeber J C, Dereux A 2008 Phys. Rev. B 78 155407
[13] Li J J, Salandrino A, Engheta N 2007 Phys. Rev. B 76 245403
[14] Brongersma M L 2008 Nature Photonics 2 270
[15] Xie H, Kong F M, Li K 2009 Journal of Electromagnetic Waves and Aplications 23 535
[16] Crozier K B, Sundaramurthy A, Kino G S 2003 J. App. Phys. 94 4632
[17] Robert D G, Daniel E P 1997 Appl. Phys. Lett. 70 1354
[18] Rogobete L, Kaminski F, Agio M, Sandoghdar V 2007 Opt. Lett. 32 1623
[19] Wang J Y, Wu Z Y, Yang Y T 2010 Acta Phys. Sin. 59 1890 (in Chinese) [汪家友、吴振宇、杨银堂 2010 59 1890]
[20] Mohammadi A, Sandoghdar V, Agio M 2008 New J. Phys. 10 105015
[21] Chen C, Xu Y M, Zhao G W 2007 Acta Phys. Sin. 56 5298 (in Chinese) [陈 诚、徐跃民、赵国伟 2007 56 5298]
[22] Huang Y, Boyle K 2008 Antennas: From Theory to Practice p129
[23] Taminiau T H, Stefani F D, Hulst N F V 2008 New J. Phys. 10 105005
[24] Johnson P B, Christy R W 1972 Phys. Rev. B 12 4370
[25] Yee K 1996 IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag. 3 302
[26] Taflove A, Hagness S C 2000 Computational Electrodynamics: The Finite-difference time-domain Method (Boston: Artech House)
[27] Berenger J P 1996 J. Comput. Phys. 127 363
[28] Berenger J P 1994 J. Comput. Phys. 114 185
[29] Sherry L J, Jin R, Mirkin C A, Schatz G C, VanDuyne R P 2006 Nano Lett. 6 2060
[30] Yang J, Zhang J, Wu X, Gong Q 2005 Opt. Express 15 16852
[31] Muskens O L, Giannini V, G'omez Rivas. 2007 J. Opt. Express. 15 17736
[32] Hohenau R, Krenn, Schider G, Ditlbacher H, Leitner A, Aussenegg F R, Schaich W L 2005 Euro. Phys. Lett. 69 538
[33] Ditlbacher H, Krenn J R, Felidj N, Lamprecht B, Schier G, Salerno M, Leiter A, Aussenegg F R 2005 Phys. Rev. Lett. 95 257403
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[1] Barnes W L, Dereux A, Ebbesen T W 2003 Nature 424 824
[2] Xue W R, Guo Y N, Zhang W M 2010 Chin. Phys. B 19 017302
[3] Zhang H F, Cao D, Tao F, Yang X H, Wang Y, Yan X N, Bai L H 2010 Chin. Phys. B 19 027301
[4] Cao L R, Geng W D, Huang Q, Sun J, Wang J, Xiong S Z, Zhang X D, Zhao Y 2009 Acta Phys. Sin. 58 1980 (in Chinese) [曹丽冉、耿卫东、黄 茜、孙 建、王 京、熊绍珍、张晓丹、赵 颖 2009 58 1980]
[5] Bai W L, Cai L K, Gan Q Q, Guo B S, Song G F 2009 Acta Phys. Sin. 58 8021 (in Chinese) [白文理、蔡利康、甘巧强、 郭宝山、宋国峰 58 8021] 〖6] Wang J Q, Liang H M, Fang L, Li M, Niu X, Du J L 2009 Chin. Phys. B 18 4870
[6] Nie S, Emory S R 1997 Science 275 1102
[7] Kneipp K, Wang Y, Kneipp H, Perelman L T,Itzkan I, Dasari R R, Feld M S 1997 Phys. Rev. Lett. 78 1667
[8] Lee K S, El-Sayed M A 2006 J. Phys. Chem. B 110 19220
[9] Haes A J, Van Duyne H, R P 2002 J. Am. Chem. Soc. 124 10596
[10] Betzig E, Trautman J K, Harris T D, Weiner J S, Kostelak R L 1991 Science 251 1468
[11] Anderson N, Bouhelier A, Novotny L 2006 J. Opt. A:Pure Appl. Opt. 8 227
[12] Huang C, Bouhelier A, France G C d, Bruyant A, Guenot A, Finot E, Weeber J C, Dereux A 2008 Phys. Rev. B 78 155407
[13] Li J J, Salandrino A, Engheta N 2007 Phys. Rev. B 76 245403
[14] Brongersma M L 2008 Nature Photonics 2 270
[15] Xie H, Kong F M, Li K 2009 Journal of Electromagnetic Waves and Aplications 23 535
[16] Crozier K B, Sundaramurthy A, Kino G S 2003 J. App. Phys. 94 4632
[17] Robert D G, Daniel E P 1997 Appl. Phys. Lett. 70 1354
[18] Rogobete L, Kaminski F, Agio M, Sandoghdar V 2007 Opt. Lett. 32 1623
[19] Wang J Y, Wu Z Y, Yang Y T 2010 Acta Phys. Sin. 59 1890 (in Chinese) [汪家友、吴振宇、杨银堂 2010 59 1890]
[20] Mohammadi A, Sandoghdar V, Agio M 2008 New J. Phys. 10 105015
[21] Chen C, Xu Y M, Zhao G W 2007 Acta Phys. Sin. 56 5298 (in Chinese) [陈 诚、徐跃民、赵国伟 2007 56 5298]
[22] Huang Y, Boyle K 2008 Antennas: From Theory to Practice p129
[23] Taminiau T H, Stefani F D, Hulst N F V 2008 New J. Phys. 10 105005
[24] Johnson P B, Christy R W 1972 Phys. Rev. B 12 4370
[25] Yee K 1996 IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag. 3 302
[26] Taflove A, Hagness S C 2000 Computational Electrodynamics: The Finite-difference time-domain Method (Boston: Artech House)
[27] Berenger J P 1996 J. Comput. Phys. 127 363
[28] Berenger J P 1994 J. Comput. Phys. 114 185
[29] Sherry L J, Jin R, Mirkin C A, Schatz G C, VanDuyne R P 2006 Nano Lett. 6 2060
[30] Yang J, Zhang J, Wu X, Gong Q 2005 Opt. Express 15 16852
[31] Muskens O L, Giannini V, G'omez Rivas. 2007 J. Opt. Express. 15 17736
[32] Hohenau R, Krenn, Schider G, Ditlbacher H, Leitner A, Aussenegg F R, Schaich W L 2005 Euro. Phys. Lett. 69 538
[33] Ditlbacher H, Krenn J R, Felidj N, Lamprecht B, Schier G, Salerno M, Leiter A, Aussenegg F R 2005 Phys. Rev. Lett. 95 257403
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