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A novel unified algorithm based on state estimation was proposed for equalization and demodulation of chaotic direct sequence spread spectrum (CD3S) signal through a non-ideal channel. The algorithm uses the state equations of the channel and the CD3S signal, as well as the reciprocal relationship between equalization and demodulation. Multiple extended kalman filters (EKF) were used for equalizing the channel while demodulating the binary message simultaneously by implementing them in reciprocal interaction. This algorithm could not only overcome the impact brought about by non-ideal channel, such as multipath interference and channel noise, but also demodulate the binary message from CD3S signal. This unified approach utilizes the information more adequately and has better real-time performance than independent approaches. Simulation results demonstrated that the proposed algorithm has a fast convergence rate, and is resistant to the multipath effect without knowledge of channel characteristic and the noise, so the efficient and reliable transmission of the CD3S signal through the non-idea channel is realized.
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Keywords:
- chaotic direct sequence spread spectrum communication /
- non-ideal channel /
- unified equalization and demodulation algorithm /
- extended kalman filter PACS: 05.45.Vx
[1] Pecora L M, Carroll T L 1990 Phys. Rev. Lett. 64 821
[2] Wang F P, Guo J B, Wang Z J, Xiao D C, Li M T 2001 Acta Phys. Sin. 50 1019 (in Chinese) [汪芙平、郭静波、王赞基、肖达川、李茂堂 2001 50 1019]
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[4] Wang F P, Wang Z J, Guo J B 2002 Acta Phys. Sin. 51 474 (in Chinese) [汪芙平、王赞基、郭静波 2002 51 474]
[5] Li J F, Li N, Lin H 2004 Acta Phys. Sin. 53 1694 (in Chinese) [李建芬、李 农、林 辉 2004 53 1694]
[6] Li X X, Feng J C 2007 Acta Phys. Sin. 56 701 (in Chinese) [李雪霞、冯久超 2007 56 701]
[7] Yu L H, Fang J C 2005 Acta Phys. Sin. 54 4012 (in Chinese) [于灵慧、房建成 2005 54 4012]
[8] Zhang Y, Chen T Q, Chen B 2007 Acta Phys. Sin. 56 56 (in Chinese) [张 勇、陈天麒、陈 滨 2007 56 56]
[9] Parlits U, Ergezinger S 1994 Phys. Lett. A 188 146
[10] Ghobad H B, Clare D M 1994 IEEE Trans. on communications 42 1524
[11] Yu Z B, Feng J C 2008 Acta Phys. Sin. 57 1409 (in Chinese) [余振标、冯久超 2008 57 1409]
[12] Luca M B,Azou S, Burel G 2005 Proc. IEEE ISCAS'05 Kobe Japan, May, 2005
[13] Luca M B, Azou S, Hodina E, Serbanescu A,Burel G 2006 IEEE-Communications conf. Bucharest, Romania 1 1
[14] Hu J F, Guo J B 2008 Acta Phys. Sin. 57 1477 (in Chinese) [胡进峰、郭静波 2008 57 1477]
[15] Sharama N, Ott E 1998 Phys. Lett. A 248 347
[16] Cuomo K M, Oppenheim A V, Barron R J 1996 IEEE Proc. ICASSP 3 1605
[17] Zhu Z W, Leung H 2001 IEEE Trans Circuits and Systems part Ⅰ 48 979
[18] Wang S Y, Feng J C 2004 Journal of Southwest China Normal University 29 373 (in Chinese) [王世元、冯久超 2004 西南大 学学报 29 373] 〖19] Zhao H Q, Zhang J S, Zeng X P 2007 Acta Phys. Sin. 56 1975 (in Chinese) [赵海全、张家树、曾祥萍 2007 56 1975]
[19] Zhao H Q, Zhang J S 2008 Acta Phys. Sin. 57 3996 (in Chinese) [赵海全、张家树 2008 57 3996]
[20] Kalman R E 1960 J. Basic Engineering 82 35
[21] Simon Haykin 2001 Kalman filtering and neural networks (NewYork:John Wiley&Sons) p16-21
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[1] Pecora L M, Carroll T L 1990 Phys. Rev. Lett. 64 821
[2] Wang F P, Guo J B, Wang Z J, Xiao D C, Li M T 2001 Acta Phys. Sin. 50 1019 (in Chinese) [汪芙平、郭静波、王赞基、肖达川、李茂堂 2001 50 1019]
[3] Zhang J S, Xiao X C 2001 Acta Phys. Sin. 50 2121 (in Chinese) [张家树、肖先赐 2001 50 2121]
[4] Wang F P, Wang Z J, Guo J B 2002 Acta Phys. Sin. 51 474 (in Chinese) [汪芙平、王赞基、郭静波 2002 51 474]
[5] Li J F, Li N, Lin H 2004 Acta Phys. Sin. 53 1694 (in Chinese) [李建芬、李 农、林 辉 2004 53 1694]
[6] Li X X, Feng J C 2007 Acta Phys. Sin. 56 701 (in Chinese) [李雪霞、冯久超 2007 56 701]
[7] Yu L H, Fang J C 2005 Acta Phys. Sin. 54 4012 (in Chinese) [于灵慧、房建成 2005 54 4012]
[8] Zhang Y, Chen T Q, Chen B 2007 Acta Phys. Sin. 56 56 (in Chinese) [张 勇、陈天麒、陈 滨 2007 56 56]
[9] Parlits U, Ergezinger S 1994 Phys. Lett. A 188 146
[10] Ghobad H B, Clare D M 1994 IEEE Trans. on communications 42 1524
[11] Yu Z B, Feng J C 2008 Acta Phys. Sin. 57 1409 (in Chinese) [余振标、冯久超 2008 57 1409]
[12] Luca M B,Azou S, Burel G 2005 Proc. IEEE ISCAS'05 Kobe Japan, May, 2005
[13] Luca M B, Azou S, Hodina E, Serbanescu A,Burel G 2006 IEEE-Communications conf. Bucharest, Romania 1 1
[14] Hu J F, Guo J B 2008 Acta Phys. Sin. 57 1477 (in Chinese) [胡进峰、郭静波 2008 57 1477]
[15] Sharama N, Ott E 1998 Phys. Lett. A 248 347
[16] Cuomo K M, Oppenheim A V, Barron R J 1996 IEEE Proc. ICASSP 3 1605
[17] Zhu Z W, Leung H 2001 IEEE Trans Circuits and Systems part Ⅰ 48 979
[18] Wang S Y, Feng J C 2004 Journal of Southwest China Normal University 29 373 (in Chinese) [王世元、冯久超 2004 西南大 学学报 29 373] 〖19] Zhao H Q, Zhang J S, Zeng X P 2007 Acta Phys. Sin. 56 1975 (in Chinese) [赵海全、张家树、曾祥萍 2007 56 1975]
[19] Zhao H Q, Zhang J S 2008 Acta Phys. Sin. 57 3996 (in Chinese) [赵海全、张家树 2008 57 3996]
[20] Kalman R E 1960 J. Basic Engineering 82 35
[21] Simon Haykin 2001 Kalman filtering and neural networks (NewYork:John Wiley&Sons) p16-21
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