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In the present study, we investigated the major factors and mechanisms of the pressure generation efficiency of the two-stage multianvils high pressure apparatus, which was recently designed and assembled in our laboratory. A simplified mechanical model of the pressure cell assembly was also proposed to interprete the experimental data. The results with the 10/4 (with octahedral edge-length of 10 mm, and WC cube truncation edge-length of 4 mm) cell assembly indicate that the pressure efficiency is very sensitive to the gaskets size and can be improved with the increased initial density of MgO pressure transmitting medium when cell pressure is about 12 GPa. Above 15 GPa, the pressure efficiency is mainly limited by the yield strength of the second stage WC cubes, as well as the composition and size of gaskets.
[1] ［1］Sung C M 1997 High Temp.-High Pressure 29 253
[2] ［2］Greene R G, Luo H, Ruoff A L 1994 Phys. Rev. Lett. 73 2075
[3] ［3］Singh A K, Liermann H P, Akahama Y, Saxena S K, Menéndez-Proupin E 2007 J. Appl. Phys. 101 123526
[4] ［4］Jayaraman A 1986 Rev. Sci. Instrum. 57 1013
[5] ［5］Andrault D, Fiquet G 2001 Rev. Sci. Instrum. 72 1283
[6] ［6］Peiris S M, Butcher R, Pearson W 2005 Joint 20th AIRAPT – 43th EHPRG Karlsruhe/Germany，June 27 – July 1,2005
[7] ［7］Klotz S, Besson J M, Hamel G, Nelmes R J, Loveday J S, Marshall W G, Wilson R M 1995 Appl. Phys. Lett. 66 1735
[8] ［8］Khvostantsev L G 1984 High Temp.-High Pressure 16 165
[9] ［9］Zhao Y S, He D W, Jiang Q, Pantea C, Lokshin K A, Zhang J Z, Daemen L L 2005 Advances in High-Pressure Technology for Geophysical Applications (Elsevier B. V. ) p461
[10] ］Kawai N, Endo S 1970 Rev. Sci. Instrum 41 1178
[11] ］Wang Y B, Durham W B, Getting I C, Weidner D J 2003 Rev. Sci. Instrum.74 3002
[12] ］Tomoo K, Ken-ichi F, Atsushi K, Norimasa N, Yoshinori T, Sueda Y, Tomoaki K, Wataru U 2004 Phys. Earth Planet. Int. 143 497
[13] ］Liebermann R C, Wang Y B 1992 High-Pressure Research: Application to Earth and Planetary Sciences (Washington DC: AGU) p19
[14] ］Cordier P, Rubie D C 2001 Mater. Sci. Engineering A 38 309
[15] ］Frost D J, Poe B T, Tronnes R G, Liebske C, Duba A, Rubie D C 2004 Phys. Earth Planet. Int. 143 507
[16] ］Reza A, Henry Z, Luo J T, Su L, Hu Y, Yuan C S, Carter C 2005 Dia. Relat. Mater. 14 1916
[17] ］Lü S J, Hong S M 2009 Acta Phys. Sin.58 6852(in Chinese) ［吕世杰、罗建太、苏磊、胡云、袁朝圣、洪时明 2009 58 6852］
[18] ］Tange Y, Irifune T, Funakoshi K 2008 High Pressure Res. 28 245
[19] ］Wang F L, He D W, Fang L M, Chen X F, Li Y J, Zhang W, Zhang J, Kou Z L, Peng F 2008 Acta Phys. Sin. 57 5429 ［王福龙、贺端威、房雷鸣、陈晓芳、李拥军、张伟、张剑、寇自力、彭放 2008 57 5429］
[20] ］Dunstan D J 1989 Rev. Sci. Instrum. 60 3789
[21] ］He D W, Wang F L, Kou Z L, Peng F 2007 Chinese Patent10048839.2 ［2009-05-13］ (in Chinese) ［贺端威、王福龙、寇自力 中国专利（专利号:ZL 2007 1 0048839.2)］
[22] ］Getting I C 1998 Metrologia 35 119
[23] ］Lloyd E C 1971 Accurate characterization of the high-pressure environment NBS Special Publication No. 326 (WashingtonDC ) p1
[24] ］Jiang J Z, Gerward L, Frost D, Secco R, Peyronneau J, Olsen J S 1999 J. Appl. Phys. 86 6608
[25] ］Onodera A, Ohtani A 1980 J. Appl. Phys. 51 2581
[26] ］Ohtani A, Motobayashi M, Onodera A 1980 Phys. Lett. A 75 435
[27] ］Ovsyannikov S V, Shchennikov V V 2004 Solid State Commun. 132 333
[28] ］Meade C, Jeanloz R 1988 J. Geophys. Res. 93 3261
[29] ］Edmond J M, Paterson M S 1971 Contr. Mineral and Petrol 30 141
[30] ］Fontanari V, Bellin F, Visintainer M, Ischia G 2006 Exp. Mech. 46 313
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[1] ［1］Sung C M 1997 High Temp.-High Pressure 29 253
[2] ［2］Greene R G, Luo H, Ruoff A L 1994 Phys. Rev. Lett. 73 2075
[3] ［3］Singh A K, Liermann H P, Akahama Y, Saxena S K, Menéndez-Proupin E 2007 J. Appl. Phys. 101 123526
[4] ［4］Jayaraman A 1986 Rev. Sci. Instrum. 57 1013
[5] ［5］Andrault D, Fiquet G 2001 Rev. Sci. Instrum. 72 1283
[6] ［6］Peiris S M, Butcher R, Pearson W 2005 Joint 20th AIRAPT – 43th EHPRG Karlsruhe/Germany，June 27 – July 1,2005
[7] ［7］Klotz S, Besson J M, Hamel G, Nelmes R J, Loveday J S, Marshall W G, Wilson R M 1995 Appl. Phys. Lett. 66 1735
[8] ［8］Khvostantsev L G 1984 High Temp.-High Pressure 16 165
[9] ［9］Zhao Y S, He D W, Jiang Q, Pantea C, Lokshin K A, Zhang J Z, Daemen L L 2005 Advances in High-Pressure Technology for Geophysical Applications (Elsevier B. V. ) p461
[10] ］Kawai N, Endo S 1970 Rev. Sci. Instrum 41 1178
[11] ］Wang Y B, Durham W B, Getting I C, Weidner D J 2003 Rev. Sci. Instrum.74 3002
[12] ］Tomoo K, Ken-ichi F, Atsushi K, Norimasa N, Yoshinori T, Sueda Y, Tomoaki K, Wataru U 2004 Phys. Earth Planet. Int. 143 497
[13] ］Liebermann R C, Wang Y B 1992 High-Pressure Research: Application to Earth and Planetary Sciences (Washington DC: AGU) p19
[14] ］Cordier P, Rubie D C 2001 Mater. Sci. Engineering A 38 309
[15] ］Frost D J, Poe B T, Tronnes R G, Liebske C, Duba A, Rubie D C 2004 Phys. Earth Planet. Int. 143 507
[16] ］Reza A, Henry Z, Luo J T, Su L, Hu Y, Yuan C S, Carter C 2005 Dia. Relat. Mater. 14 1916
[17] ］Lü S J, Hong S M 2009 Acta Phys. Sin.58 6852(in Chinese) ［吕世杰、罗建太、苏磊、胡云、袁朝圣、洪时明 2009 58 6852］
[18] ］Tange Y, Irifune T, Funakoshi K 2008 High Pressure Res. 28 245
[19] ］Wang F L, He D W, Fang L M, Chen X F, Li Y J, Zhang W, Zhang J, Kou Z L, Peng F 2008 Acta Phys. Sin. 57 5429 ［王福龙、贺端威、房雷鸣、陈晓芳、李拥军、张伟、张剑、寇自力、彭放 2008 57 5429］
[20] ］Dunstan D J 1989 Rev. Sci. Instrum. 60 3789
[21] ］He D W, Wang F L, Kou Z L, Peng F 2007 Chinese Patent10048839.2 ［2009-05-13］ (in Chinese) ［贺端威、王福龙、寇自力 中国专利（专利号:ZL 2007 1 0048839.2)］
[22] ］Getting I C 1998 Metrologia 35 119
[23] ］Lloyd E C 1971 Accurate characterization of the high-pressure environment NBS Special Publication No. 326 (WashingtonDC ) p1
[24] ］Jiang J Z, Gerward L, Frost D, Secco R, Peyronneau J, Olsen J S 1999 J. Appl. Phys. 86 6608
[25] ］Onodera A, Ohtani A 1980 J. Appl. Phys. 51 2581
[26] ］Ohtani A, Motobayashi M, Onodera A 1980 Phys. Lett. A 75 435
[27] ］Ovsyannikov S V, Shchennikov V V 2004 Solid State Commun. 132 333
[28] ］Meade C, Jeanloz R 1988 J. Geophys. Res. 93 3261
[29] ］Edmond J M, Paterson M S 1971 Contr. Mineral and Petrol 30 141
[30] ］Fontanari V, Bellin F, Visintainer M, Ischia G 2006 Exp. Mech. 46 313
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