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The tunneling phenomena of cold atoms in double-well with different interaction (U) and tunnel coupling (J) were studied. Experiments cannot be interpreted completely by a two-site Bose-Hubbard model. Thus, a new model was introduced, in which the ground state and the first excited state of the double-well were used as state bases. The expression of Hamiltonian was derived under the new model, which explains the reason why the parameter isnot consistent with the experiment from a two-site Bose-Hubbard model. Furthermore, we figured out the fluctuation of entanglement degree of the atoms in the double-well, and directly described the whole process of tunneling with the population of particles in the three states.
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Keywords:
- correlated tunneling /
- strong interaction /
- weak interaction /
- degree of entanglement
[1] ［1］Cohen-Tannoudji C N 1998 Rev. Mod. Phys. 70 707
[2] ［2］Chu S 1998 Rev. Mod. Phys. 70 685
[3] ［3］Phillips W D 1998 Rev. Mod. Phys.70 721
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[5] ［5］Davis K B, Mewes M O, Andrews M R, van Druten N J, Durfee D S, Kurn D M, Ketterle W 1995 Phys. Rev. Lett. 75 3969
[6] ［6］Bradley C C, Sackett C A, Tollett J J, Hulet R G 1995 Phys. Rev. Lett. 75 1687
[7] ［7］Wang G F, Fu L B, Liu J 2006 Phys. Rev. A 73 013619
[8] ［8］Berthoud P, Joyet A, Dudle G, Sagna N, Thomann P 1998 Europhys. Lett. 41 141
[9] ［9］Esslinger T, Bloch I, Hnsch T W 1998 Phys. Rev. A 58 R2664
[10] ］Fujita J, Morinaga M, Kishimoto T, Yusuda M, Matsui S, Shimizu F 1996 Nature 380 691
[11] ］Bordé Ch J, Salomon Ch, Avrillier S, van Lerberghe A, Bréant C 1984 Phys. Rev. A 30 1836
[12] ］Balykin V I, Letokhov V S, Ovchinnikov Y B, Sidorov A 1988 Phys. Rev. Lett. 60 2137
[13] ］Wang G F, Fu L B, Zhao H, Liu J 2005 Acta Phys. Sin. 54 5003 (in Chinese) ［王冠芳、傅立斌、赵鸿、刘杰 2005 54 5003］
[14] ］Ye D F, Fu L B, Zhao H, Liu J 2007 Acta Phys. Sin. 56 5071 (in Chinese) ［叶地发、傅立斌、赵鸿、刘杰 2007 56 5071］
[15] ］Flling S, Trotzky S, Cheinet P, Feld M, Saers R, Widera A, Müller T, Bloch I 2007 Nature 448 1029
[16] ］Makhlin Y, Schn G, Shnirman A 2001 Rev. Mod. Phys. 73 357
[17] ］Smerzi A, Fantoni S, Giovanazzi S, Shenoy S R 1997 Phys. Rev. Lett. 79 4950
[18] ］Raghavan S, Smerzi A, Fantoni S, Shenoy S R 1999 Phys. Rev. A 59 620
[19] ］Ostrovskaya E A, Kivshar Y S, Lisak M, Hall B, Cattani F 2000 Phys. Rev. A 61 031601(R)
[20] ］Ananikian D, Bergeman T 2006 Phys. Rev. A 73 013604
[21] ］Abouraddy A F, Saleh B E A, Sergienko A V, Teich M C 2001 Phys. Rev. A 64 050101(R)
[22] ］Fu L B, Liu J 2006 Phys. Rev. A 74 063614
[23] ］Fu L B 2006 Europhys. Lett. 75 1
[24] ］Ma Y, Fu L B, Yang Z A, Liu J 2006 Acta. Phys. Sin. 55 5623 (in Chinese) ［马云、傅立斌、杨志安、刘杰 2006 55 5623］
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[1] ［1］Cohen-Tannoudji C N 1998 Rev. Mod. Phys. 70 707
[2] ［2］Chu S 1998 Rev. Mod. Phys. 70 685
[3] ［3］Phillips W D 1998 Rev. Mod. Phys.70 721
[4] ［4］Anderson M H, Ensher J R, Matthews M R, Wieman C E, Cornell E A 1995 Science 269 198
[5] ［5］Davis K B, Mewes M O, Andrews M R, van Druten N J, Durfee D S, Kurn D M, Ketterle W 1995 Phys. Rev. Lett. 75 3969
[6] ［6］Bradley C C, Sackett C A, Tollett J J, Hulet R G 1995 Phys. Rev. Lett. 75 1687
[7] ［7］Wang G F, Fu L B, Liu J 2006 Phys. Rev. A 73 013619
[8] ［8］Berthoud P, Joyet A, Dudle G, Sagna N, Thomann P 1998 Europhys. Lett. 41 141
[9] ［9］Esslinger T, Bloch I, Hnsch T W 1998 Phys. Rev. A 58 R2664
[10] ］Fujita J, Morinaga M, Kishimoto T, Yusuda M, Matsui S, Shimizu F 1996 Nature 380 691
[11] ］Bordé Ch J, Salomon Ch, Avrillier S, van Lerberghe A, Bréant C 1984 Phys. Rev. A 30 1836
[12] ］Balykin V I, Letokhov V S, Ovchinnikov Y B, Sidorov A 1988 Phys. Rev. Lett. 60 2137
[13] ］Wang G F, Fu L B, Zhao H, Liu J 2005 Acta Phys. Sin. 54 5003 (in Chinese) ［王冠芳、傅立斌、赵鸿、刘杰 2005 54 5003］
[14] ］Ye D F, Fu L B, Zhao H, Liu J 2007 Acta Phys. Sin. 56 5071 (in Chinese) ［叶地发、傅立斌、赵鸿、刘杰 2007 56 5071］
[15] ］Flling S, Trotzky S, Cheinet P, Feld M, Saers R, Widera A, Müller T, Bloch I 2007 Nature 448 1029
[16] ］Makhlin Y, Schn G, Shnirman A 2001 Rev. Mod. Phys. 73 357
[17] ］Smerzi A, Fantoni S, Giovanazzi S, Shenoy S R 1997 Phys. Rev. Lett. 79 4950
[18] ］Raghavan S, Smerzi A, Fantoni S, Shenoy S R 1999 Phys. Rev. A 59 620
[19] ］Ostrovskaya E A, Kivshar Y S, Lisak M, Hall B, Cattani F 2000 Phys. Rev. A 61 031601(R)
[20] ］Ananikian D, Bergeman T 2006 Phys. Rev. A 73 013604
[21] ］Abouraddy A F, Saleh B E A, Sergienko A V, Teich M C 2001 Phys. Rev. A 64 050101(R)
[22] ］Fu L B, Liu J 2006 Phys. Rev. A 74 063614
[23] ］Fu L B 2006 Europhys. Lett. 75 1
[24] ］Ma Y, Fu L B, Yang Z A, Liu J 2006 Acta. Phys. Sin. 55 5623 (in Chinese) ［马云、傅立斌、杨志安、刘杰 2006 55 5623］
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