激光熔化3D打印高性能铁基非晶软磁器件及其物理机制

林可心; 杨卫明; 李文宇; 马严; 马丽; 张响; 刘海顺

doi:10.7498/aps.74.20250559

摘要

铁基非晶合金具有低矫顽力、低损耗等优异性能, 但受制于非晶形成能力和力学性能限制, 难以制备复杂结构器件. 3D打印理论上可以制备任意结构的器件. 本文利用选择性激光熔化3D打印技术, 通过打印参数优化, 获得低能量输入熔池, 并提高熔池轨道和成型层的搭接质量, 成功克服制备过程中非晶相与成型质量相互制约的瓶颈, 获得致密度为94.3%、矫顽力为0.5 Oe的铁基非晶合金, 且相比粉末, 所得铁基非晶合金的饱和磁化强度提升至0.89 T, 并制备出复杂结构的铁基非晶器件. 本文研究为3D打印高质量铁基非晶器件提供了新的思路, 对推动铁基非晶合金的应用具有重要意义.

关键词:

Abstract

Fe-based amorphous alloys have exceptional properties such as low coercivity and core loss. In recent years, the development of amorphous alloys by using selective laser melting (SLM) technology has become the focus of attention. However, the glass-forming ability (GFA) and mechanical properties pose challenges for fabricating Fe-based amorphous alloys with complex geometries. This work aims to establish fundamental processing-(micro) structure-property links in Fe-based amorphous alloys processed by selective laser melting (SLM). With that purpose, a low-energy-input melt pool is achieved and the overlap quality between adjacent melt tracks and successive deposition layers is enhanced, through optimization of printing parameters. The Fe-based amorphous alloy is obtained with a high relative density of 94.3% and low coercivity of 0.5 Oe. Furthermore, the saturation magnetization of the printed alloy increases to 0.89 T compared with that of the powder feedstock. This work overcomes the mutual constraint between the GFA and part quality in fabricating of complex-structure Fe-based amorphous alloys, and is of great significance for promoting the application of Fe-based amorphous alloys.

Keywords:

作者及机构信息

1.
中国矿业大学力学与土木工程学院, 徐州　221116

2.
中国矿业大学材料与物理学院, 徐州　221116

通信作者: 杨卫明, wmyang@cumt.edu.cn

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金面上项目(批准号: 52171165)资助的课题.

Authors and contacts

1.
School of Mechanics & Civil Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China

2.
School of Materials Science and Physics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China

Corresponding author: YANG Weiming, wmyang@cumt.edu.cn

Funds: Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 52171165).

文章全文

参考文献

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[28]	Han Q, Gu H, Setchi R 2019 Powder Technol. 352 91 Google Scholar
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[30]	Yadroitsev I, Yadroitsava I, Bertrand P, Smurov I 2012 Rapid Prototyp. J. 18 201 Google Scholar
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[37]	Żrodowski Ł, Wysocki B, Wróblewski R, Krawczyńska A, Adamczyk-Cieślak B, Zdunek J, Błyskun P, Ferenc J, Leonowicz M, Święszkowski W 2019 J. Alloys Compd. 771 769 Google Scholar
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[39]	郭子政, 胡旭波 2013 62 057501 Google Scholar Guo Z Z, Hu X B 2013 Acta Phys. Sin. 62 057501 Google Scholar
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施引文献

图 1 (a)粉末的粒径分布图; (b) XRD图; (c) DSC图

Fig. 1. (a) Particle size distribution diagram of powder; (b) XRD diagram; (c) DSC diagram.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 不同打印参数下样品的SEM形貌

Fig. 2. SEM morphology of samples under different printing.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 (a)不同P和v下样品致密度情况; (b)不同h和t下样品致密度情况

Fig. 3. (a) Density distribution of samples under different P and v conditions; (b) density distribution of samples under different h and t conditions.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 (a)不同P和v下样品的非晶含量; (b)样品(P = 160 W, v = 2600 mm/s, h = 95 μm, t = 30 μm) 的XRD图; (c) DSC图

Fig. 4. (a) Amorphous content of samples under different P and v conditions; (b) XRD diagram of samples (P = 160 W, v = 2600 mm/s, h = 95 μm, t = 30 μm); (c) DSC diagram.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 5 (a)—(d)样品(P = 160 W, v = 2600 mm/s, h = 95 μm, t = 30 μm)的扫描电镜图; (e)—(k)透射电子显微镜图

Fig. 5. (a)–(d) Scanning electron microscopy images of the sample (P = 160 W, v = 2600 mm/s, h = 95 μm, t = 30 μm); (e)–(k) transmission electron microscopy images.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 6 (a)不同h和t下样品的非晶含量; (b)不同h和t下样品的XRD图; (c) DSC图; (d) 电机结构; (e)电机结构的XRD图; (f) DSC图

Fig. 6. (a) Amorphous content of samples under different h and t conditions; (b) XRD diagram of samples under different h and t conditions; (c) DSC diagram; (d) motor structure; (e) XRD diagram of motor structure; (f) DSC diagram.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 7 (a)室温下粉末及打印样品的磁滞回线; (b)低磁场下磁滞回线的放大图

Fig. 7. (a) Hysteresis loops of the powder and printed samples at room temperature; (b) magnified view of the hysteresis loops under low magnetic field.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 本研究中获得的相对密度、非晶分数和磁性能, 并与文献报道的对比

Table 1. Comparison of the relative density, amorphous fraction, and magnetic properties achieved in this study with those reported in the literature for similar alloys.

BMG Composition	Density /%	Amorphous fraction/%	M_s/ T	H_c/ Oe	Reference
Fe_68.3C_6.9Si_2.5B_6.7P_8.7Cr_2.3Mo_2.5Al_2.1	99.7	—	1.08	0.35	[40]
Fe₇₁Si₁₀B₁₁C₆Cr₂	94	90	1.3	4.98	[37]
Fe_73.7B₁₁Si₁₁Cr_2.3C₂	96	47	1.22	20.1	[26,32]
Fe₇₃Si₁₁B₁₁C₃Cr₂	98	70	1.29	6.4	[16]
Fe_73.7B₁₁Si₁₁Cr_2.3C₂	74	46	1.19	35.06	[41]
Powder (Fe₇₀W₉Mo₃Cr₅Ni₃Si₄B₄CMn)	—	100	0.84	2	This work
Bulk (160 W/2600 mm/s /95 μm/15 μm)	79.1	98.1	0.89	0.7	This work
Bulk (160 W/2600 mm/s /65 μm /15 μm)	94.3	100	0.88	0.5	This work

下载: 导出CSV

map

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[2]	Battal F, Balci S, Sefa I 2020 Meas. J. Int. Meas. Confed. 171 108848 Google Scholar
[3]	Mahesh M, Kumar K V, Abebe M, Udayakumar L, Mathankumar M 2021 Mater. Today Proc. 46 3888 Google Scholar
[4]	姚可夫, 施凌翔, 陈双琴, 邵洋, 陈娜, 贾蓟丽 2018 67 016101 Google Scholar Yao K F, Shi L X, Chen S Q, Shao Y, Chen N, Jia J L 2018 Acta Phys. Sin. 67 016101 Google Scholar
[5]	Li H X, Lu Z C, Wang S L, Wu Y, Lu Z P 2019 Prog. Mater. Sci. 103 235 Google Scholar
[6]	Inoue A, Shinohara Y, Gook J S 1995 Mater. Trans. 36 1427 Google Scholar
[7]	Ponnambalam V, Poon S J, Shiflet G J 2004 J. Mater. Res. 19 1320 Google Scholar
[8]	Amiya K, Inoue A 2006 Mater. Trans. 47 1615 Google Scholar
[9]	张雅楠, 王有骏, 孔令体, 李金富 2012 61 454 Google Scholar Zhang Y N, Wang Y J, Kong L T, Li J F 2012 Acta Phys. Sin. 61 454 Google Scholar
[10]	Suryanarayana C, Inoue A 2013 Int. Mater. Rev. 58 131 Google Scholar
[11]	孙吉, 沈鹏飞, 尚其忠, 张鹏雁, 刘莉, 李明瑞, 侯龙, 李维火 2023 72 026101 Google Scholar Sun J, Shen P F, Shang Q Z, Zhang P Y, Liu L, Li M R, Hong L, Li W H 2023 Acta Phys. Sin. 72 026101 Google Scholar
[12]	Sohrabi S, Fu J N, Li L Y, Zhang Y, Li X, Sun F, Ma J, Wang W H 2024 Prog. Mater. Sci. 144 101283 Google Scholar
[13]	DebRoy T, Wei H L, Zuback J S, Mukherjee T, Elmer J W, Milewski J O, Beese A M, Wilson-Heid A D, De A, Zhang W 2018 Prog. Mater. Sci. 92 112 Google Scholar
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[17]	Lu Y Z, Huang Y J, Wu J, Lu X, Qin Z X, Daisenberger D, Chiu Y L 2018 Intermetallics 103 67 Google Scholar
[18]	Ouyang D, Xing W, Li N, Li Y C, Liu L 2018 Addit. Manuf. 23 246
[19]	Marattukalam J J, Pacheco V, Karlsson D, Riekehr L, Lindwall J, Forsberg F, Jansson U, Sahlberg M, Hjörvarsson B 2020 Addit. Manuf. 33 101124
[20]	Qiu C, Panwisawas C, Ward M, Basoalto H C, Brooks J W, Attallah M M 2015 Acta Mater. 96 72 Google Scholar
[21]	Xing W, Ouyang D, Li N, Liu L 2018 Intermetallics 103 101 Google Scholar
[22]	Ren Z, Zhang D Z, Fu G, Jiang J, Zhao M 2021 Mat. Design 207 109857 Google Scholar
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[27]	石岩, 魏登松 2023 中国激光 50 131 Google Scholar Shi Y, Wei D S 2023 Chin. J. Lasers 50 131 Google Scholar
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[30]	Yadroitsev I, Yadroitsava I, Bertrand P, Smurov I 2012 Rapid Prototyp. J. 18 201 Google Scholar
[31]	Yuan W, Chen H, Cheng T, Wei Q 2020 Mat. Design 189 108542 Google Scholar
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[34]	Sun H, Flores K M 2013 Intermetallics 43 53 Google Scholar
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[36]	Murayama S, Inaba H, Hoshi K, Obi Y 1993 IEEE Trans. Magn. 29 2682 Google Scholar
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[38]	邬小萍, 刘淑凤, 马通达, 王书明, 王梦圆 2024 金属功能材料 31 99 Google Scholar Wu X P, Liu S F, Ma T D, Wang S M, Wang M Y 2024 AM& D. 31 99 Google Scholar
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