沙尘湍流大气对自由空间量子通信性能影响研究

杨瑞科; 李福军; 武福平; 卢芳; 魏兵; 周晔

doi:10.7498/aps.71.20221125

摘要

量子通信是当前国内外研究的前沿热点领域, 具有理想的信息安全性. 为了使干旱和沙漠化地区的量子系统能够几乎全天候的工作, 必须开展沙尘湍流大气对自由空间量子信号传输衰减及对通信性能影响的研究. 应用米氏散射理论、多重散射模拟方法和大气湍流理论, 研究了不同能见度的沙尘湍流大气信道中光波传输的衰减, 及多重散射和湍流对衰减的影响, 表明随能见度的降低多重散射影响增大, 随着距离的增加湍流效应逐渐加强. 基于量子幅值阻尼信道模型, 分析了不同能见度沙尘湍流大气中的多重散射和湍流对量子信道容量、保真度、误码率的影响. 结果表明, 随着能见度降低, 多重散射效应增强, 使衰减和误码率有所减小, 而信道容量、保真度和安全密钥率的边界有所增加. 沙尘大气中湍流的存在, 又会使衰减和误码率增大, 而信道容量、保真度和安全密钥率会减小. 由此可见, 沙尘大气能见度较低时的多重散射和湍流对通信性能的影响不可忽略, 在实际应用中应根据能见度和湍流强度自适应地调节量子通信相关参数, 以提高量子通信的概率和可靠性.

关键词:

Abstract

Quantum communication is a frontier hotspot of current research, and it has ideal information security. In order to enable quantum systems in arid and desertified areas to work almost under all-weather condition, it is necessary to study the attenuation of free-space quantum signal transmission and the influence of the turbulence atmosphere carrying sand and dust on communication performance. Using Mie scattering theory, multiple scattering simulation method, and atmospheric turbulence theory, the attenuation of optical wave transmission in sand and dust turbulent atmospheric channels with different visibility, and the influence of multiple scattering and turbulence on attenuation are studied. The results show that the effect of multiple scattering increases with the decrease of visibility, the turbulence effect gradually strengthens with the increase of distance. According to the quantum amplitude damped channel model, the effects of multiple scattering and turbulence in the sand and dust turbulent atmosphere with different visibility on the quantum channel capacity, fidelity and bit error rate are analyzed. The results show that as the visibility decreases, the multiple scattering effect increases, resulting in the decrease of attenuation and bit error rate, but an increase in channel capacity, fidelity and the boundaries of security key rate. The existence of turbulence in the dust atmosphere will increase the attenuation and bit error rate, but reduce the channel capacity, fidelity and security key rate. It can be seen that the influence of multiple scattering and turbulence on the communication performance, when the visibility of the sand and dust atmosphere are both low, cannot be ignored. In practical applications, the relevant parameters of quantum communication should be adaptively adjusted according to the visibility and turbulence intensity to improve the probability, efficiency and reliability of quantum communication.

Keywords:

作者及机构信息

1.
西安电子科技大学物理学院, 西安　710071

2.
中国航空工业集团公司, 雷华电子技术研究所, 无锡　214063

通信作者: 杨瑞科, yrk18687@163.com

基金项目: 陕西省自然科学基础研究计划资助项目（项目编号: 2021JM-127)、高等学校学科创新引智计划资助（111）和中国航空工业集团公司雷华电子技术研究所（批准号: 2018610103002381）课题资助.

Authors and contacts

1.
School of Physics, Xidian University, Xi'an 710071, China

2.
Leihua Institute of Electronic Technology, Aviation Industry Corporation of China, Wuxi 214063, China

Corresponding author: Yang Rui-Ke, yrk18687@163.com

Funds: Supported by the Natural Science Basic Research Program of Shaanxi, China (Program No. 2021 JM-127), the 111 Project, and the Lei Hua Institute of Electronic Technology of Aviation Industry Corporation of China (No. 2018610103002381).

文章全文 : translate this paragraph

参考文献

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施引文献

图 1 光子位置和方向坐标图

Fig. 1. Coordinate diagram of photon position and direction.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 考虑多重散射的沙尘湍流大气链路衰减随能见度与距离的变化　(a) 单次散射无湍流链路衰减; (b) 单次散射有湍流链路衰减; (c) 多重散射无湍流链路衰减; (d) 多重散射有湍流链路衰减

Fig. 2. Variation of the attenuation on sand and dust turbulent atmospheric link with visibility and distance considering multiple scattering: (a) Attenuation with single scattering without turbulent; (b) attenuation with single scattering and turbulent; (c) attenuation with multiple scattering without turbulent; (d) attenuation with multiple scattering and turbulent.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 沙尘湍流大气下的信道容量与能见度与传输距离的关系　(a) 单次散射无湍流容量; (b) 单次散射有湍流容量; (c) 多重散射无湍流容量; (d) 多重散射有湍流容量

Fig. 3. Variation of the channel capacity on sand and dust turbulent atmospheric with visibility and distance: (a) Capacity with single scattering without turbulent; (b) capacity with single scattering and turbulent; (c) capacity with multiple scattering without turbulent; (d) capacity with multiple scattering and turbulent.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 沙尘湍流大气下保真度与能见度、传输距离的关系　(a) 单次散射无湍流保真度; (b) 单次散射有湍流保真度; (c) 多重散射无湍流保真度; (d) 多重散射有湍流保真度

Fig. 4. Variation of the fidelity on sand and dust turbulent atmospheric with visibility and distance: (a) Fidelity with single scattering without turbulent; (b) fidelity with single scattering and turbulent; (c) fidelity with multiple scattering without turbulent; (d) fidelity with multiple scattering and turbulent.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 5 沙尘湍流大气下的误码率与能见度与传输距离的关系　(a) 单次散射无湍流误码率; (b) 单次散射有湍流误码率; (c) 多重散射无湍流误码率; (d) 多重散射有湍流误码率

Fig. 5. Variation of the BER on sand and dust turbulent atmospheric with visibility and distance: (a) BER with single scattering without turbulent; (b) BER with single scattering and turbulent; (c) BER with multiple scattering without turbulent; (d) BER with multiple scattering and turbulent.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 6 不同能见度沙尘湍流大气的安全密钥率上界随距离的变化　(a) 无湍流; (b) 有湍流

Fig. 6. Variation of the upper bound of the security key rate with distance in sand and dust turbulent atmosphere with different visibility: (a) Without turbulence; (b) with turbulence.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

map

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[18]	杨瑞科, 李茜茜, 姚荣辉 2016 65 094205 Google Scholar Yang R K, Li Q Q, Yao R H 2016 Acta Phys. Sin. 65 094205 Google Scholar
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[20]	杨瑞科, 朱传帅, 刘科祥 2017 红外与激光工程 46 0104006 Google Scholar Yang R K, Zhu C S, Liu K X 2017 Infrared Laser Eng. 46 0104006 Google Scholar
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