数百MeV/u高能区C<sup>6+</sup>离子激发W的L壳层 X射线

周贤明; 尉静; 程锐; 梅策香; 曾利霞; 王兴; 梁昌慧; 赵永涛; 张小安

doi:10.7498/aps.70.20212322

摘要

在能量为154—424 MeV/u 的高能区域, 研究了C⁶⁺离子轰击W靶时激发W的L壳层X射线. 本文中, 由于L X射线发射时M, N等外壳层处于多空穴的状态, 观测到了相应谱线能量的蓝移, 以及分支Lι, Lβ_1,3,4, Lβ_2,15与 Lα_1,2 X射线相对强度比的增大. 另外, 利用优化的厚靶截面公式, 并考虑多电离对X射线荧光产额的影响, 计算了L X射线的发射截面, 并与平面玻恩近似(PWBA), 经能量损失(E)-库仑排斥(C)-稳态微扰(PSS)-相对论(R)修正的PWBA理论(ECPSSR)和两体碰撞近似(BEA)理论计算结果进行了对比. 分析表明, 在本实验能区内ECPSSR对PWBA的修正作用可以忽略, 两者计算结果几乎相同且均大于实验截面; BEA估算整体上与实验结果符合较好.

关键词:

Abstract

The L-shell X-ray emission of tungsten is investigated under the bombardment of C⁶⁺ ions in a high energy range of 154—424 MeV/u. Compared with the atomic data, the energy of the X-ray is enlarged, and the relative intensity ratio of Lι, Lβ_1,3,4 and Lβ_2,15 to Lα_1,2 X-rays are enhanced. The L-subshell and the total X-ray production cross section are calculated from a well corrected thick target formula and compared with the theoretical estimation of binary encounter approximation (BEA), plane-wave Born approximation (PWBA) and ECPSSR (PWBA theory modified with Energy-loss, Coulomb-repulsion, Perturbed-Stationary-State and Relativistic corrections). On the whole, the experimental cross sections are all smaller than the prediction of PWBA and ECPSSR, but in rough agreement with that of BEA. It is indicated that the inner-shell ionization of W can be considered as a binary process between the high energy C⁶⁺ ions acting as a point charge and the independent target electrons. With the L-shell ionization, the outer-shells are multiply ionized. The multi-ionization degree is approximately regard as a constant in the present work. This leads the X-ray energy to be blueshifted and the relative intensity ratios of Lι and Lβ to Lα X-ray to be enhanced. Using the atomic parameters corrected by multi-ionization, the X-ray production cross section can be estimated by the BEA model.

Keywords:

作者及机构信息

1.
咸阳师范学院, 离子束与光物理实验室, 咸阳　712000

2.
中国科学院近代物理研究所, 兰州　730000

3.
西安交通大学理学院, 西安　710049

通信作者: 张小安, zhangxiaoan2000@126.com

基金项目: 国家重点基础研究发展计划(批准号: 2017YFA0402300)、国家自然科学基金(批准号: 11505248, 11775042, 11875096)、陕西省科技厅科研计划(批准号: 2021JQ-812)、陕西省教育厅科学研究计划(批准号: 20JK0975)、咸阳师范学院学术带头人(批准号: XSYXSD202108)和咸阳师范学院重点培育项目(批准号: XSYK21037)资助的课题.

Authors and contacts

1.
Ion beam and Optical Physics Laboratory, Xianyang Normal University, Xianyang 712000, China

2.
Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China

3.
School of Science, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China

Corresponding author: Zhang Xiao-An, zhangxiaoan2000@126.com

Funds: Project supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (Grant No. 2017YFA0402300), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 11505248, 11775042, 11875096), the Scientific Research Program of Science and Technology Department of Shaanxi Province, China (Grant No. 2021JQ-812), the Scientific Research Program Foundation of the Education Department of Shaanxi Province, China (Grant No. 20JK0975), the Acadimic Leader of Xianyang Normal University, China (Grant No. XSYXSD202108), and the Key Cultivation Project of Xianyang Normal University, China (Grant No. XSYK21037).

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参考文献

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施引文献

图 1 Si漂移X射线探测器(SDD)的探测效率

Fig. 1. Efficiency of the silicon drift detector.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 不同能量C⁶⁺离子激发W的L壳层特征X射线谱, 以及质子激发谱

Fig. 2. W L-shell X-ray spectra induced by high energy C⁶⁺ ions with various incident energy, and compared with that induced by proton.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 不同能量C⁶⁺激发W的Lβ_{1, 3, 4}与Lα_{1, 2} X射线相对强度比

Fig. 3. Relative intensity ratios of W Lβ_{1, 3, 4} to Lα_{1, 2} X-ray induced by C⁶⁺ ions with various incident energy.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 5 不同能量C⁶⁺激发W的Lι与Lα_{1, 2} X射线相对强度比

Fig. 5. Relative intensity ratios of W Lι and Lα_{1, 2} X-ray induced by C⁶⁺ ions with various incident energy.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 不同能量C⁶⁺激发W的Lβ_{2, 15}与Lα_{1, 2} X射线相对强度比

Fig. 4. Relative intensity ratios of W Lβ_{2, 15} and Lα_{1, 2} X-ray induced by C⁶⁺ ions with various incident energy.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 6 C⁶⁺离子产生W的L X射线发射截面实验值, 以及不同的理论计算值

Fig. 6. L X-ray production cross section of W produced by high energy C⁶⁺ ions, and compared with various theoretical calculations.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 不同能量C⁶⁺离子轰击产生W的L壳层分支X射线能量, 以及300 keV质子激发数据和单电离的原子数据^[48,49]

Table 1. W L-subshell X-ray energies induced by high energy C⁶⁺ ions and 300 keV H⁺, and the atomic data^[48,49].

	Lι/eV	Lα_{1, 2}/eV	Lβ_{1, 3, 4}/eV	Lβ_{2, 15}/eV	Lγ₁/eV	Lγ_{2, 3}/eV
Atomic	7387	8392	9673	9955	11285	11647
Proton	7383 ± 3	8390 ± 3	9677 ± 4	9959 ± 5	11289 ± 4	11649 ± 5
154 MeV/u	7508 ± 5	8472 ± 3	9750 ± 3	10041 ± 5	11363 ± 6	11794 ± 9
205 MeV/u	7497 ± 7	8438 ± 5	9711 ± 5	9999 ± 7	11349 ± 9	11743 ± 10
293 MeV/u	7495 ± 6	8446 ± 3	9718 ± 4	10017 ± 5	11343 ± 7	11767 ± 8
343 MeV/u	7493 ± 5	8432 ± 5	9708 ± 4	10005 ± 4	11336 ± 8	11746 ± 11
424 MeV/u	7503 ± 7	8440 ± 4	9712 ± 5	10007 ± 6	11346 ± 7	11749 ± 10

下载: 导出CSV

表 2 高能C⁶⁺离子激发W的L X射线发射截面

Table 2. Experimental results of W L-shell X-ray production cross section induced by high energy C⁶⁺ ions.

E/(MeV·u^–1)	Lι/(10² b)	Lα/(10³ b)	Lβ_{1, 3, 4}/(10³ b)	Lβ_{2, 15}/(10² b)	Lβ/(10³ b)	Lγ/(10² b)	Ltotal/(10³ b)
154	2.29 ± 0.39	2.58 ± 0.44	1.55 ± 0.26	7.41 ± 1.25	2.29 ± 0.39	5.48 ± 0.93	5.64 ± 0.96
205	1.56 ± 0.26	2.18 ± 0.37	1.22 ± 0.21	5.25 ± 0.89	1.74 ± 0.30	3.89 ± 0.66	4.47 ± 0.76
293	1.28 ± 0.22	1.79 ± 0.30	1.06 ± 0.18	4.56 ± 0.77	1.51 ± 0.26	3.10 ± 0.53	3.74 ± 0.64
343	1.24 ± 0.21	1.71 ± 0.29	1.07 ± 0.18	4.56 ± 0.77	1.52 ± 0.26	2.96 ± 0.50	3.68 ± 0.62
424	1.13 ± 0.19	1.63 ± 0.28	0.92 ± 0.16	4.44 ± 0.75	1.36 ± 0.23	2.70 ± 0.46	3.40 ± 0.57

下载: 导出CSV

map

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数百MeV/u高能区C⁶⁺离子激发W的L壳层 X射线

W L-shell X-ray emission induced by C⁶⁺ions with several hundred MeV/u

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Abstract

作者及机构信息

1.
咸阳师范学院, 离子束与光物理实验室, 咸阳　712000

2.
中国科学院近代物理研究所, 兰州　730000

3.
西安交通大学理学院, 西安　710049

通信作者: 张小安, zhangxiaoan2000@126.com

Authors and contacts

1.
Ion beam and Optical Physics Laboratory, Xianyang Normal University, Xianyang 712000, China

2.
Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China

3.
School of Science, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China

Corresponding author: Zhang Xiao-An, zhangxiaoan2000@126.com

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数百MeV/u高能区C6+离子激发W的L壳层 X射线

W L-shell X-ray emission induced by C6+ ions with several hundred MeV/u

摘要

Abstract

作者及机构信息

1. 咸阳师范学院, 离子束与光物理实验室, 咸阳 712000 2. 中国科学院近代物理研究所, 兰州 730000 3. 西安交通大学理学院, 西安 710049

通信作者: 张小安, zhangxiaoan2000@126.com

Authors and contacts

1. Ion beam and Optical Physics Laboratory, Xianyang Normal University, Xianyang 712000, China 2. Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China 3. School of Science, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China

Corresponding author: Zhang Xiao-An, zhangxiaoan2000@126.com

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数百MeV/u高能区C⁶⁺离子激发W的L壳层 X射线

W L-shell X-ray emission induced by C⁶⁺ions with several hundred MeV/u

1.
咸阳师范学院, 离子束与光物理实验室, 咸阳　712000

2.
中国科学院近代物理研究所, 兰州　730000

3.
西安交通大学理学院, 西安　710049

1.
Ion beam and Optical Physics Laboratory, Xianyang Normal University, Xianyang 712000, China

2.
Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China

3.
School of Science, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China