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针对色散效应导致聚光多结太阳电池性能降低的问题，使用分布式三维等效电路模型计算高倍聚光下GaInP/GaInAs/Ge三结太阳电池的输出特性，通过分析电池各层的电压分布、暗电流分布以及横向电流分布，研究了不同电池尺寸下色散效应对电池性能影响的机理.结果表明：色散使多结太阳电池在局部区域的光生电流变得不匹配，随着电池尺寸的减小，局部区域之间失配的光生电流能够以横向电流的形式相互补偿，使电池整体的电流更加匹配，从而减小色散效应的影响.当电池芯片尺寸较大（m 20 mm20 mm）时，色散主要降低电池的短路电流密度，色散光斑下电池的效率仅相当于无色散时的94%；当电池芯片尺寸减小到m 2 mm2 mm时，短路电流密度与无色散时相等，但横向电阻降低了电池的填充因子.当电池芯片尺寸进一步减小到m 0.4 mm0.4 mm时，色散与无色散光斑下电池的各项性能几乎没有差别，效率均约为34.5%，色散效应的影响可忽略不计.In order to investigate the influence of the chromatic aberration on the performance of multi-junction solar cells, the performance of the triple-junction GaInP/GaInAs/Ge solar cell under high concentration condition is investigated by a three-dimensional (3D) model based on distributed circuit units. Moreover, the effects of chromatic aberration on the performance of solar cells with different sizes are studied by analyzing the distributions of the voltage, the dark current and the transverse current in each layer. It is indicated that the photo-generated current is mismatched in local region of multi-junction solar cell, which is caused by chromatic aberration. However, the mismatched photo-generated current can be compensated for by the form of transverse current, and the current can be better matched when the size of solar cell is reduced. When the size of solar cell is as big as 20 mm20 mm, the mismatched photo-generated current is large, so are the transverse current and the dark current. But the transverse current is far less than the dark current, only 12% of the mismatched photo-generated carriers can flow from the edge to the center of the cell through the transverse resistance between the sub-cells, the rest of the photo-generated carriers are lost in the form of dark current, and the cell is in a state of current mismatching. Finally, the chromatic aberration gives rise to a reduction in the short-circuit current density, and the efficiency is only 94% as high as that of non-chromatic aberration. When the size of the cell decreases, the mismatched photo-generated current and the transverse current also decrease gradually, but the dark current caused by the chromatic aberration exponentially decreases more quickly, and the ratio of the transverse current to the mismatched photo-generated current increases gradually. Therefore, the overall state of the current mismatching is alleviated, and the short-circuit current density is increased gradually. Moreover, when the size of solar cell is 2 mm2 mm, the transverse current is much larger than the dark current, 99.98% of the mismatched photo-generated carriers can be compensated for in the form of transverse current. Although the photo-generated current of the cell is mismatched in local region, the overall is still in the state of current matching. The short-circuit current densities with and without chromatic aberration are equal, but the filling factor is reduced due to the transverse resistor. When the size of cell is further reduced, the mismatched photo-generated current is very small, and the influence of the transverse series resistance decreases gradually. Therefore, the value of the filling factor gradually approaches to the value without chromatic aberration. Furthermore, the performance of solar cell with and without chromatic aberration is nearly the same when the size of solar cell is as small as 0.4 mm0.4 mm. The efficiencies are both about 34.5% and the effects of chromatic aberration can be ignored.
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Keywords:
- concentrated photovoltaics /
- multi-junction solar cell /
- chromatic aberration /
- current matching
[1] Chen N F, Bai Y M 2007 Physics 36 862 (in Chinese) [陈诺夫, 白一鸣 2007 物理 36 862]
[2] Green M A, Emery K, Hishikawa Y, Warta W, Dunlop E D 2015 Prog. Photovoltaics 23 1
[3] Cotal H L, Lillington D R, Ermer J H, King R R, Karam N H, Kurtz S R, Friedman D J, Olson J M, Ward J S, Duda A, Emery K A, Moriarty T 2000 Proceeding of the 28th Photovoltaic Specialist Conference Anchorage, America, September 15-22 p955
[4] Baig H, Heasman K C, Mallick T K 2012 Renew. Sust. Energ. Rev. 16 5890
[5] Liang Q B, Shu B F, Sun L J, Zhang Q Z, Chen M B 2014 Acta Phys. Sin. 63 168801 (in Chinese) [梁齐兵，舒碧芬，孙丽娟，张奇淄，陈明彪 2014 63 168801]
[6] Kurtz S R, O'Neill M J 1996 Proceeding of the 25th Photovoltaic Specialist Conference Washington, America, May 13-17, p361
[7] Cotal H, Sherif R 2005 Proceedings of the 31st Photovoltaic Specialist Conference Florida, America, January 3-7, p747
[8] James L W 1994 IEEE First World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion Hawaii, America, December 5-9, p1799
[9] Espinet-Gonzlez P, Mohedano R, Garca I, Zamora P, Reystolle I, Benitez P, Algora C, Cvetkovic A, Hernndez M, Chaves J, Miano J C, Li Y 2012 AIP Conf. Proc. 1477 81
[10] Araki K, Kondo M, Uozumi H, Yamaguchi M 2003 3rd World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion Orah, Japan, May 11-18, p853
[11] Garca I, Espinet-Gonzlez P, Rey-Stolle I, Algora C 2011 IEEE J. Photovolt. 1 219
[12] Nagel L, Pederson D 2013 https://infoscience. epfl. ch/record/209244/files/4-13-page16.pdf (2013-1-16) [2017-01-03]
[13] Galiana B, Algora C, Rey-Stolle I, Vara I G 2005 IEEE Trans. Electron. Dev. 52 2552
[14] Galiana B, Algora C, Rey-Stolle I 2006 Sol. Energ. Mat. Sol. C 90 2589
[15] Garcia I, Espinet-Gonzlez P, Rey-Stolle I, Barrign E, Algora C 2011 AIP Conf. Proc. 1407 13
[16] Garca I, Algora C, Rey-Stolle I, Galiana B 2008 Proceedings of the 33rd Photovoltaic Specialist Conference San Diego, America, May 11-16, p1
[17] Espinet P, Garca I, Rey-Stolle I, Algora C, Baudrit M 2010 AIP Conf. Proc. 1277 24
[18] Lian R H, Liang Q B, Shu B F, Fan C, Wu X L, Guo Y, Wang J, Yang Q C 2016 Acta Phys. Sin. 65 148801 (in Chinese) [连榕海, 梁齐兵, 舒碧芬, 范畴, 吴小龙, 郭银, 汪婧, 杨晴川 2016 65 148801]
[19] Ota Y, Nishioka K 2011 AIP Conf. Proc. 1407 281
[20] Xiong S Z, Zhu M F 2009 Basic and Application of Solar Cells (Beijing: Science Press) pp95-97 (in Chinese) [熊绍珍, 朱美芳 2009 太阳能电池基础与应用 (北京: 科学出版社) 第95-97页]
[21] Shen W Z, Wu C Y 1980 J. Appl. Phys. 51 466
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[1] Chen N F, Bai Y M 2007 Physics 36 862 (in Chinese) [陈诺夫, 白一鸣 2007 物理 36 862]
[2] Green M A, Emery K, Hishikawa Y, Warta W, Dunlop E D 2015 Prog. Photovoltaics 23 1
[3] Cotal H L, Lillington D R, Ermer J H, King R R, Karam N H, Kurtz S R, Friedman D J, Olson J M, Ward J S, Duda A, Emery K A, Moriarty T 2000 Proceeding of the 28th Photovoltaic Specialist Conference Anchorage, America, September 15-22 p955
[4] Baig H, Heasman K C, Mallick T K 2012 Renew. Sust. Energ. Rev. 16 5890
[5] Liang Q B, Shu B F, Sun L J, Zhang Q Z, Chen M B 2014 Acta Phys. Sin. 63 168801 (in Chinese) [梁齐兵，舒碧芬，孙丽娟，张奇淄，陈明彪 2014 63 168801]
[6] Kurtz S R, O'Neill M J 1996 Proceeding of the 25th Photovoltaic Specialist Conference Washington, America, May 13-17, p361
[7] Cotal H, Sherif R 2005 Proceedings of the 31st Photovoltaic Specialist Conference Florida, America, January 3-7, p747
[8] James L W 1994 IEEE First World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion Hawaii, America, December 5-9, p1799
[9] Espinet-Gonzlez P, Mohedano R, Garca I, Zamora P, Reystolle I, Benitez P, Algora C, Cvetkovic A, Hernndez M, Chaves J, Miano J C, Li Y 2012 AIP Conf. Proc. 1477 81
[10] Araki K, Kondo M, Uozumi H, Yamaguchi M 2003 3rd World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion Orah, Japan, May 11-18, p853
[11] Garca I, Espinet-Gonzlez P, Rey-Stolle I, Algora C 2011 IEEE J. Photovolt. 1 219
[12] Nagel L, Pederson D 2013 https://infoscience. epfl. ch/record/209244/files/4-13-page16.pdf (2013-1-16) [2017-01-03]
[13] Galiana B, Algora C, Rey-Stolle I, Vara I G 2005 IEEE Trans. Electron. Dev. 52 2552
[14] Galiana B, Algora C, Rey-Stolle I 2006 Sol. Energ. Mat. Sol. C 90 2589
[15] Garcia I, Espinet-Gonzlez P, Rey-Stolle I, Barrign E, Algora C 2011 AIP Conf. Proc. 1407 13
[16] Garca I, Algora C, Rey-Stolle I, Galiana B 2008 Proceedings of the 33rd Photovoltaic Specialist Conference San Diego, America, May 11-16, p1
[17] Espinet P, Garca I, Rey-Stolle I, Algora C, Baudrit M 2010 AIP Conf. Proc. 1277 24
[18] Lian R H, Liang Q B, Shu B F, Fan C, Wu X L, Guo Y, Wang J, Yang Q C 2016 Acta Phys. Sin. 65 148801 (in Chinese) [连榕海, 梁齐兵, 舒碧芬, 范畴, 吴小龙, 郭银, 汪婧, 杨晴川 2016 65 148801]
[19] Ota Y, Nishioka K 2011 AIP Conf. Proc. 1407 281
[20] Xiong S Z, Zhu M F 2009 Basic and Application of Solar Cells (Beijing: Science Press) pp95-97 (in Chinese) [熊绍珍, 朱美芳 2009 太阳能电池基础与应用 (北京: 科学出版社) 第95-97页]
[21] Shen W Z, Wu C Y 1980 J. Appl. Phys. 51 466
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