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热力学性质是钝感高能炸药1, 3, 5-三氨基-2, 4, 6-三硝基苯(TATB)爆轰性质和安全性评估分析的重要参数. 由于结构的复杂性, TATB炸药尚缺乏系统的实验和理论计算结果. 结合全原子力场和分子动力学的方法, 本文系统研究了不同温度和压力条件下TATB的力学性质和热力学参数, 得到了弹性模量、德拜温度等随温度、压力的变化情况, 并与实验进行了对比分析. 结果表明: 在 0-50 GPa外部压力下, TATB晶体保持力学稳定, 弹性常数和弹性模量随压力升高而增大, 各向异性程度随压力升高而减小, 泊松比和延展性则受压力的影响较小; 随温度的升高, TATB的力学稳定性逐渐下降, 有发生力学失稳的可能, 各弹性常数随温度升高而逐渐减小, 各向异性程度也随之减小; TATB 的声速和德拜温度同样随着压力升高而增大, 平均声速从0 GPa下的1833 m/s, 增加到10 GPa 下的3143 m/s, 德拜温度由0 GPa下的254 K增加到10 GPa的587 K. TATB 热膨胀系数的计算表明, 在200-500 K 温度常压情况下, 其体热膨胀系数为35.910-5 K-1, 与实验数据符合较好.Equation of states and thermodynamic properties of insensitive high explosive 1, 3, 5-triamino-2, 4, 6-trinitrobenzene (TATB) are investigated by using molecular dynamics simulation, where an all-atom force field for TATB developed by Richard H. Gee and isothermal-isobaric molecular dynamics (NPT-MD) methods are used. Results obtained include thermal expansion coefficient, elastic constants, tensile modulus, and debye frequency under high temperature and high pressure. The volume coefficient of thermal expansion for crystalline TATB is calculated in a temperature range of 200 to 500 K and at atmospheric pressure. The result, 35.910-5 K-1, is in general agreements with the experimental results. Results of elastic constants show that the crystalline TATB is an orthotropic material. The calculated elastic constants decrease with increasing temperature in the range from 0 to 450 K, while increase as the pressure increases from 0 to 50 GPa. And the bulk modulus at 300 K is 11.32 GPa, which is in good agreement with the available experimental results. Results obtained above have been compared with available experimental data, and also discussed in relation to the previous calculations. The above results are better than existing ones gained by others. In addition, the elastic anisotropy becomes lower with increasing temperature or pressure. As the temperature goes up to 400 K, the lattice becomes unstable. The sound speed and Debye frequency are calculated by using the data of elastic constants at different pressures. This provides a theoretical basis to calculate the anisotropic thermal conductivity for crystalline TATB.
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Keywords:
- triaminotrinitrobenzene /
- molecular dynamics /
- elastic constants /
- thermodynamic properties
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[38] Wu Q, Zhu W H, Xiao H M 2014 RSC Adv. 4 53149
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[40] Coleburn N L, Liddiard T P 1966 J. Chem. Phys 44 1929
[41] Craig B G 1978 Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory Private Communication
[42] Guo F, Zhang H, Hu H Q, Cheng X L, Zhang L Y 2015 Chin. Phys. B 24 118201
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[44] Born M, Huang K 1989 Dynamical Theory of Crystal Lattices (Beijing: Beijing Univiersity Press) p151 (in Chinese) [波恩, 黄昆 1989 晶格动力学理论 (北京: 北京大学出版社)第151页]
[45] Chen J, Long Y, Chen D Q 2013 Chin. J. High Pressure Phys. 27 199 (in Chinese) [陈军, 龙瑶, 陈栋泉 2013 高压 27 199]
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[1] Voigt-Martin I G, Li G, Yakimanski A Schulz G, Jens Wolff J J 1996 J. Am. Chem. Soc. 118 12830
[2] Brill T B, James K J 1993 Chem. Rev. 93 2667
[3] Zyss J, Ledoux I 1994 Chem. Rev. 94 77
[4] Boddu V M Viswanath D S, Ghosh T K, Damavarapu R 2010 J. Hazard. Mater. 181 1
[5] Gee R H, Roszak S, Balasubramanian K, Fried L E 2004 J. Chem. Phys. 120 7059
[6] Guo F, Zhang H, Hu H Q, Cheng X L 2014 Chin. Phys. B 23 046501
[7] Wang J R, Zhu J, Hao Y J, Ji G F, Xiang G, Zou Y C 2014 Acta Phys. Sin. 63 186401 (in Chinese) [王金荣, 朱俊, 郝彦军, 姬广富, 向钢, 邹阳春 2014 63 186401]
[8] Stevens L L, Velisavljevic N, Hooks D E, Dattelbaum D M 2008 Propell Explos. Pyrot. 33 286
[9] Rykounov A A 2015 J. Appl. Phys. 117 215901
[10] Bedrov D, Borodin O, Smith G D, Sewell T D, Dattelbaum D M 2009 J. Chem. Phys. 131 224703
[11] Kroonblawd M P, Sewell T D 2013 J. Chem. Phys. 139 074503
[12] Kroonblawd M P, Sewell T D 2014 J. Chem. Phys. 141 184501
[13] Xiao J J, Gu C G, Fang G Y, Zhu W, Xiao H M 2005 Acta Chim. Sin. 63 439 (in Chinese) [肖继军, 谷成刚, 方国勇, 朱伟, 肖鹤鸣 2005 化学学报 63 439]
[14] Zhu W, Xiao J J, Huang H, Ma X F, Li J S, Xiao H M 2007 J. Nanjing Univ. Sci. Tech. 31 243 (in Chinese) [朱伟, 肖继军, 黄辉, 马秀芳, 李金山, 肖鹤鸣 2007 南京理工大学学报 31 243]
[15] Sun H 1998 J. Phys. Chem. B 102, 7338
[16] Qi X F, Zhang X H, Song Z W, Liu P, Li J Z, Liu M 2012 Chin. Chem. Propell. Poly. Mater. 10 37 (in Chinese) [齐晓飞, 张晓宏, 宋振伟, 刘鹏, 李吉祯, 刘萌 2012 化学推进剂与高分子材料 10 37]
[17] Hagler A T, Lifson S, Dauber P 1979 J. Am. Chem. Soc. 101 5122
[18] Mayo S L Olafson B D Goddard III W A 1990 J. Phys. Chem. 94 8897
[19] Rappe A K, Casewit C J, Colwell K S Goddard III W A, Skiff W M 1992 J. Am. Chem. Soc. 114 10024
[20] Zhang C Y, Wang X C Huang H 2008 J. Am. Chem. Soc. 130 8359
[21] Neeraj R, Divesh B 2008 J. Chem. Phys. 129 194510
[22] Cheng T 2009 M. D. Dissertation (Shanghai: Shanghai Jiao Tong University) (in Chinese) [程涛 2009 硕士学位论文(上海: 上海交通大学)]
[23] Jin Z, Liu J, Wang L L, Cao F L, Sun H 2014 Acta Phys. Chim. Sin. 30 654 (in Chinese) [金钊, 刘建, 王丽莉, 曹风雷, 孙淮 2014 物理化学学报 30 654]
[24] Plimpton S 1995 J. Comp. Phys. 117 1
[25] Nose S 1984 Mol. Phys. 52 255
[26] Hoover W G 1985 Phys. Rev. A 31 1695
[27] Wang B, Liu Y, Ye J W 2012 Acta Phys. Sin. 61 186501 (in Chinese) [王斌, 刘颖, 叶金文 2012 61 186501]
[28] Marmier A, Lethbridge Z A D, Walton R I, Smith C W, Parker S C, Evans K E 2010 Comp. Phys. Comm. 181 2102
[29] Wang Z C 1992 Thermodynamics Statistic Mechanics (Beijing: Higher Education Press) p340 (in Chinese) [汪志诚 1992 热力学统计物理 (北京:高等教育出版社) 第340页]
[30] Lu X S, Liang J K 1981 Acta Phys. Sin. 30 1361 (in Chinese) [陆学善, 梁敬魁 1981 30 1361]
[31] Sin'ko G V, Smirnov N A 2002 J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 14 6989
[32] Long Y, Liu Y G, Nie F D, Chen J 2012 Philos. Mag. 92 1023
[33] Gibbs T R, Popolato A 1980 LASL Explosive Property Data (Berkeley: University of California Press)
[34] Kolb J R, Rizzo H F 1979 Propell. Explos. Pyrot. 4 10
[35] Pastine D J, Bernecker R R 1974 J. Appl. Phys. 45 4458
[36] Olinger B, Cady H 1976 6th Symposium (International) on Detonation Coronado, California, USA August 24-27, 1976 224
[37] Byrd E F C, Rice B M 2007 J. Phys. Chem. C 111 2787
[38] Wu Q, Zhu W H, Xiao H M 2014 RSC Adv. 4 53149
[39] Chellappa R, Dattelbaum D 2015 19th Biennial Conference of the APS Topical Group on Shock Compression of Condensed Matter Florida, USA June 14-19, 2015
[40] Coleburn N L, Liddiard T P 1966 J. Chem. Phys 44 1929
[41] Craig B G 1978 Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory Private Communication
[42] Guo F, Zhang H, Hu H Q, Cheng X L, Zhang L Y 2015 Chin. Phys. B 24 118201
[43] Menikoff R, Swell T D 2001 Technical Report LA-UR-00-3608-rev Los Alamos National Laboratory
[44] Born M, Huang K 1989 Dynamical Theory of Crystal Lattices (Beijing: Beijing Univiersity Press) p151 (in Chinese) [波恩, 黄昆 1989 晶格动力学理论 (北京: 北京大学出版社)第151页]
[45] Chen J, Long Y, Chen D Q 2013 Chin. J. High Pressure Phys. 27 199 (in Chinese) [陈军, 龙瑶, 陈栋泉 2013 高压 27 199]
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