Pulse duration effect on photoelectron spectrum of atom irradiated by strong high frequency laser

Guo Jing; Guo Fu-Ming; Chen Ji-Gen; Yang Yu-Jun

doi:10.7498/aps.67.20172440

Abstract

With the development of high harmonic generation and the free electron laser,one can obtain the laser pulses whose frequencies range from XUV to X ray.Using these novel light sources,one can investigate the electron dynamics with attosecond resolution.With the increase of intensity,a lot of nonlinear processes have been found,such as high harmonic generation, above threshold ionization and dynamic stabilization of atomic ionization.When the atom is irradiated by an ultra-intense short laser pulse,many additional sub-peaks appear in the original photoelectron peaks.The original peaks of the photoelectron spectra are formed by the ionization interference from different optical cycles.The formation of sub-peaks are attributed to the shift energy level by the action of strong laser electric field.In previous studies,the sub-peak phenomenon was mainly observed in the short pulse.In this work,we investigate the duration effect of laser pulse on this phenomenon.The photoelectron is calculated from the time-dependent wavefunction in momentum by using generalized time dependent pseudo spectral scheme.At small laser intensity,there is only main photoelectron peak near the position whose energy is the difference between the central frequency of the laser and ionization energy.As the laser duration decreases,the width of the photoelectron peak gradually increases.For the higher laser intensity,many sub-peaks appear in the photoelectron spectra.The width of the sub-peak is also decreasing with the increase of the laser pulse's duration. The amplitude of these sub-peaks is decreasing with the increasing of the duration of laser pulse.For the longer pulse (50 optical cycles),these sub-peaks disappear.The variation of the amplitude and energy position for the first sub-peak with the laser intensity is analyzed.As the increase of laser pulse width,the energy of the sub-peak increased.Comparing with the longer pulse,the short pulse has a larger enhancement.In order to understand the profiles of the photoelectron spectra,we investigate the time-dependent ionization profile of the atom.The results show that the ionization occurs in the whole duration of the laser pulse for small incident intensity.The ionization mainly occurs at the raising edge of the laser pulse for the large laser intensity.For the longer pulse,the gradient of laser intensity is small.Its energy level shift effects on the ground state of the atom is small.Thus, one can not observe any sub-peak in the photoelectron spectrum of atom irradiated by the long laser pulse.

Keywords:

Authors and contacts

1.
Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China;
2.
Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Atomic and Molecular Spectroscopy(Jilin University), Changchun 130012, China;
3.
Department of Physics and Materials Engineering, College of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Taizhou University, Taizhou 318000, China

Corresponding author: Yang Yu-Jun, yangyj@jlu.edu.cn

Funds: Project supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (Grant No. 2017YFA0403300), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 11774129, 11274141, 11627807, 11534004), and the Jilin Provincial Research Foundation for Basic Research, China (Grant No. 20170101153JC).

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Cited By

[1]	Ferray M A, Lompre L A, Mainfray G, Manus C 1988 J. Phys. B: At. Mol. Opt. Phys. 21 L31
[2]	Mcpherson A, Gibson G, Jara H, Johann U, Luk T S, Mcintyre I A, Boyer K, Rhodhes C K 1987 J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 4 595
[3]	Dromey B, Zepf M, Gopal A, Lancaster K 2006 Nat. Phys. 2 456
[4]	Niu Y, Liu F Y, Liu Y, Liang H J 2017 Opt. Commun. 397 118
[5]	Song Y, Li S Y, Liu X H, Guo F M, Yang Y J 2013 Phys. Rev. A 88 053419
[6]	Ackermann W, Asova G, Ayvazyan V 2007 Nat. Photon. 1 336
[7]	Tsumoru S, Hitoshi T 2008 Nat. Photon. 2 555
[8]	Emma P, Akre R, Arthur J 2010 Nat. Photon. 4 641
[9]	Huang Z, Brachmann A, Decker F J 2010 Physical Review Special Topics-Accelerators and Beams 13 020703
[10]	Allaria E, Appio R 2012 Nat. Photon. 6 699
[11]	Tetsuya I, Hideki A 2012 Nat. Photon. 6 540
[12]	Treusch R, Feldhaus J 2010 New J. Phys. 12 035015
[13]	Fang L, Osipov T, Murphy B F, Rudenko A 2014 J. Phys. B: At. Mol. Opt. Phys. 47 124006
[14]	Minitti M P, Budarz J M 2015 Phys. Rev. Lett. 114 255501
[15]	Kyung T K, Villeneuve D M, Corkum P B 2014 Nature Photon. 8 187
[16]	Franck L, Misha Y I 2008 Science 322 1232
[17]	Goulielmakis E, Yakovlev V S, Cavalieri A L 2007 Science 317 769
[18]	Goulielmakis E, Schultze M, Hofstetter M, Yakovlev V S, Gagnon J 2008 Science 320 1614
[19]	Krausz F, Ivanov M 2009 Rev. Mod. Phys. 81 163
[20]	Meyer M, Cubaynes D, Richardson V, Costello J T 2010 Phys. Rev. Lett. 104 213001
[21]	Hishikawa A, Fushitani M, Hikosaka Y 2011 Phys. Rev. Lett. 107 243003
[22]	Fang L, Hoener M, Gessner O, Tarantelli F 2010 Phys. Rev. Lett. 105 083004
[23]	Iablonskyi D, Ueda K, Kenichi L I 2017 Phys. Rev. Lett. 119 073203
[24]	Antonio P, Phay J H, Gilles D, Stephen H S 2013 New J. Phy. 15 083057
[25]	Zhou Z Y, Yuan J M 2008 Phys. Rev. A 77 063411
[26]	Protopapas M, Keitel C H, Knight P L 1997 Rep. Prog. Phys. 60 389
[27]	Cui X, Li S Y, Guo F M, Tian Y Y, Chen J G, Zeng S L, Yang Y J 2015 Acta Phys. Sin. 64 043201 (in Chinese) [崔鑫, 李苏宇, 郭福明, 田原野, 陈基根, 曾思良, 杨玉军 2015 64 043201]
[28]	Wei S S, Li S Y, Guo F M, Yang Y J, Wang B B 2013 Phys. Rev. A 87 063418
[29]	Hertz H 1887 Annalen der Physik 267 983
[30]	Einstein A 1905 Annalen der Physik 322 132
[31]	Tian Y Y, Wei S S, Guo F M, Yang Y J 2013 Acta Phys. Sin. 62 113201 (in Chinese) [田原野, 魏珊珊, 郭福明, 李苏宇, 杨玉军 2013 62 113201]
[32]	Becker W, Grasbon F, Kopold R, Milosevic D B, Paulus G G, Walther H 2002 Advances in Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics 48 35
[33]	Zhou Z Y, Chu S I 2011 Phys. Rev. A 83 013405
[34]	Philipp V D, Lorenz S C 2012 Phys. Rev. Lett. 108 253001
[35]	Mehrdad B, Ulf S, Jan M R 2017 Phys. Rev. Lett. 118 143202
[36]	Aleksander S S, Tor K, Eva L 2016 Phys. Rev. A 93 053411
[37]	Sun F, Wei D, Zhang G Z, Ding X, Yao J Q 2016 Chin. Phys. Lett. 33 123202
[38]	Zhang S B, Nina R 2014 Phys. Rev. A 89 013407
[39]	Yu C, Fu N, Hu T, Zhang G Z, Yao J Q 2013 Phys. Rev. A 88 043408
[40]	Philipp V D, Lorenz S C 2013 Phys. Rev. A 88 043414
[41]	Yu C, Fu N, Hu T, Zhang G Z, Yao J Q 2013 Phys. Rev. A 87 043405
[42]	Tian Y Y, Wei S S, Guo F M, Yang Y J 2014 Chin. Phys. B 23 053202
[43]	Zhang D Y, Li Q Y, Guo F M, Yang Y J 2016 Acta Phys. Sin. 65 223202 (in Chinese) [张頔玉, 李庆仪, 郭福明, 杨玉军 2016 65 223202]
[44]	Landau R H 1993 Phys. Rev. C 48 3047

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Vol. 67, Issue 7 - 2018-04-05

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