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In this work Janssen ratio is measured in a dense granular pack. The pressure on the side walls as a function of the depth of the pack with top load under gravity is measured by photoelastic method. The samples are prepared by point source method with and without tapping. A non-monotonic distribution of the side pressure along the depth is found. Numerical simulation is performed and shows qualitative consistency with the experimental finding. The apparent weight of the sample is measured for different filling heights and for different top loads. Comparing with the normal stresses on the silo wall for different heights, we obtain the Janssen ratio J =xx/zz as a function of height. We find that although uJ = 0.11 is a constant as is expected, the Janssen Ratio is height dependent. It becomes height independent only when the top load is large enough.
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Keywords:
- granular solid /
- photoelastic method /
- Janssen ratio
[1] Jaeger H M, Nagel S R, Behringer R P 1996 Rev. Mod. Phys. 68 1259
[2] de Gennes P G 1992 Rev. Mod. Phys. 64 645
[3] Liu A J, Nagel S R 1998 Nature 396 21
[4] Zuriguel I, Mullin T, Arévalo R 2008 Phys. Rev. E 77 1006
[5] Liu C H, Nagel S R, Schecter D A, Coppersmith S N, Majumdar S, Narayan O, Witten T 1995 Science 269 513
[6] Geng J, Longhi E, Behringer R P, Howell D W 2002 Phys. Rev. E 64 060301
[7] Janssen H A 1896 Civ. Inst. Eng. Proc. 124 553
[8] Sperl M 2006 Granular Matter 8 59
[9] Vitelli V, van Hecke M 2011 Nature 480 325
[10] Bi D P, Zhang J, Chakraborty B, Behringer R P 2011 Nature 480 355
[11] Wambaugh J F, Hartley R R, Behringer R P 2010 Eur. Phys. J. E 32 135
[12] Hartley R R, Behringer R P 2003 Nature 421 928
[13] Luding S 2005 Nature 435 159
[14] Goldenberg C, Goldhirsch I 2005 Nature 435 188
[15] Corwin E I, Jaeger H M, Nagel S R 2005 Nature 435 1075
[16] Hartley R R 2003 Ph. D. Dissertation (USA: Duke University)
[17] Tian Y, Qi J, Lai J, Zhou Q 2013 International Joint Conference on IEEE Nov. 2-4, 2013 p547
[18] Qi J, Li K C, Jiang H, Zhou Q, Yang L 2015 Int. J. Comput. Sci. Engineer. 11 p330
[19] Silbert L E, Ertas D, Grest G S, Halsey T C, Levine D 2002 Phys. Rev. E 65 031304
[20] Silbert L E, Ertas D, Grest G S, Halsey T C, Levine D, Plimption S J 2001 Phys. Rev. E 64 051302
[21] Allen M P, Tildesley D J 1989 Computer Simulation of Liquids (Oxford: Oxford University Press)
[22] Sperl M 2006 Granular Matter 8 59
[23] Li Z F, Peng Z, Jiang Y M 2014 Acta Phys. Sin. 63 104503 (in Chinese) [李智峰, 彭政, 蒋亦民 2014 63 104503]
[24] Jiang Y M, Zheng H P 2008 Acta Phys. Sin. 57 7360 (in Chinese) [蒋亦民, 郑鹤鹏 2008 57 7360]
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[1] Jaeger H M, Nagel S R, Behringer R P 1996 Rev. Mod. Phys. 68 1259
[2] de Gennes P G 1992 Rev. Mod. Phys. 64 645
[3] Liu A J, Nagel S R 1998 Nature 396 21
[4] Zuriguel I, Mullin T, Arévalo R 2008 Phys. Rev. E 77 1006
[5] Liu C H, Nagel S R, Schecter D A, Coppersmith S N, Majumdar S, Narayan O, Witten T 1995 Science 269 513
[6] Geng J, Longhi E, Behringer R P, Howell D W 2002 Phys. Rev. E 64 060301
[7] Janssen H A 1896 Civ. Inst. Eng. Proc. 124 553
[8] Sperl M 2006 Granular Matter 8 59
[9] Vitelli V, van Hecke M 2011 Nature 480 325
[10] Bi D P, Zhang J, Chakraborty B, Behringer R P 2011 Nature 480 355
[11] Wambaugh J F, Hartley R R, Behringer R P 2010 Eur. Phys. J. E 32 135
[12] Hartley R R, Behringer R P 2003 Nature 421 928
[13] Luding S 2005 Nature 435 159
[14] Goldenberg C, Goldhirsch I 2005 Nature 435 188
[15] Corwin E I, Jaeger H M, Nagel S R 2005 Nature 435 1075
[16] Hartley R R 2003 Ph. D. Dissertation (USA: Duke University)
[17] Tian Y, Qi J, Lai J, Zhou Q 2013 International Joint Conference on IEEE Nov. 2-4, 2013 p547
[18] Qi J, Li K C, Jiang H, Zhou Q, Yang L 2015 Int. J. Comput. Sci. Engineer. 11 p330
[19] Silbert L E, Ertas D, Grest G S, Halsey T C, Levine D 2002 Phys. Rev. E 65 031304
[20] Silbert L E, Ertas D, Grest G S, Halsey T C, Levine D, Plimption S J 2001 Phys. Rev. E 64 051302
[21] Allen M P, Tildesley D J 1989 Computer Simulation of Liquids (Oxford: Oxford University Press)
[22] Sperl M 2006 Granular Matter 8 59
[23] Li Z F, Peng Z, Jiang Y M 2014 Acta Phys. Sin. 63 104503 (in Chinese) [李智峰, 彭政, 蒋亦民 2014 63 104503]
[24] Jiang Y M, Zheng H P 2008 Acta Phys. Sin. 57 7360 (in Chinese) [蒋亦民, 郑鹤鹏 2008 57 7360]
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