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We propose a method of generating the three-photon W state. The method uses parametric down-conversion process and hybrid entanglement swapping from multiphoton spin-entangled states to multiphoton orbital angular momentum (OAM) entangled states, with the aid of a pair of polarization photons. They generate W state entangled in different degrees of freedom of polarization and OAM with a high-dimensional Hilbert space. By simply changing the methods of generating a polarization-OAM-linear momentum entangled W state. Our method produces two mutually symmetric W states with strong entanglement and high dimension, which is expected to realize the secure communication of extending quantum bits.
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Keywords:
- orbital angular momentum /
- quantum entanglement /
- W state /
- multi degree of freedom
[1] Bennett C H, Brassard G, Crépeau C, Jozsa R, Peres A, Wootters W K 1993 Phys. Rev. Lett. 70 1895
[2] Zhou X Q, Wu Y W 2007 Acta Phys. Sin. 56 1881 (in Chinese) [周小清, 邬云文 2007 56 1881]
[3] Karlsson A, Bourennane M 1998 Phys. Rev. A 58 4394
[4] Zhou N R, Song H C, Gong L H, Liu Y 2012 Acta Phys. Sin. 61 214203 (in Chinese) [周南润, 宋汉冲, 龚黎华, 刘晔 2012 61 214203]
[5] Ekert A K 1991 Phys. Rev. Lett. 67 661
[6] Lin Q, Bai Y K, Ye M Y, Lin X M 2015 Chin. Phys. B 24 030304
[7] Dür W, Vidal G, Cirac J 2000 Phys. Rev. A 62 062314
[8] Höffner H, Hönsel W, Roos C F, Benhelm J 2005 Nature 438 643
[9] Guo G C, Zhang Y S 2002 Phys. Rev. A 65 054302
[10] Chen L B, Ye M Y, Lin G W, Du Q H, Lin X M 2007 Phys. Rev. A 76 062304
[11] Zhang C L, Li W Z, Chen M F 2013 Opt. Commun. 311 301
[12] Zou X B, Pahlke K, Mathis W 2002 Phys. Rev. A 66 044302
[13] Eibl M, Kiesel N, Bourennane M, Kurtsiefer C, Weinfurter H 2004 Phys. Rev. Lett. 92 077901
[14] Mikami H, Li Y, Kobayashi T 2004 Phys. Rev. A 70 052308
[15] Tashima T, Wakatsuki T, Özdemir S K, Yamamoto T, Koashi M, Imoto N 2009 Phys. Rev. Lett. 102 130502
[16] Tashima T, Kitano T, Özdemir S K, Yamamoto T, Koashi M, Imoto N 2010 Phys. Rev. Lett. 105 210503
[17] Wang T J, Long G L 2013 JOSA B 30 1069
[18] Grfe M, Heilmann R, Perez-Leija A, Keil R, Dreisow F, Heinrich M, Moya-Cessa H, Nolte S, Christodoulides D N, Szameit A 2014 Nature Photon. 8 791
[19] Shih Y H, Alley C O 1988 Phys. Rev. Lett. 61 2921
[20] Kwiat P G, Mattle K, Weinfurter H, Zeilinger A, Sergienko A V, Shih Y 1995 Phys. Rev. Lett. 75 4337
[21] Kwiat P G, Waks E, White A G, Appelbaum I, Eberhard P H 1999 Phys. Rev. A 60 R773
[22] Dür W 2001 Phys. Rev. A 63 020303
[23] Koashi M, Buek V, Imoto N 2000 Phys. Rev. A 62 R050302
[24] Leach J, Jack B, Romero J, Ritsch-Marte M, Boyd R W, Jha A K, Barnett S M, Franke-Arnold S, Padgett M J 2009 Opt. Express 17 8287
[25] Mair A, Vaziri A, Weihs G, Zeilinger A 2001 Nature 412 313
[26] Karimi E, Leach J, Slussarenko S, Piccirillo B, Marrucci L, Chen L X, She W L, Franke-Arnold S, Padgett M J, Santamato E 2010 Phys. Rev. A 82 022115
[27] Zhang C X, Guo B H, Cheng G M, Guo J J, Fan R H 2014 Sci. China: Phys. Mech. Astron. 57 2043
[28] Marrucci L, Manzo C, Paparo D 2006 Phys. Rev. Lett. 96 163905
[29] Chen L X, She W 2010 JOSA B 27 A7
[30] Torres J P, Deyanova Y, Torner L, Molina-Terriza G 2003 Phys. Rev. A 67 052313
[31] Franke-Arnold S, Barnett S M, Yao E, Leach J, Courtial J, Padgett M 2004 New J. Phys. 6 103
[32] Chen L X, She W 2011 Phys. Rev. A 83 032305
-
[1] Bennett C H, Brassard G, Crépeau C, Jozsa R, Peres A, Wootters W K 1993 Phys. Rev. Lett. 70 1895
[2] Zhou X Q, Wu Y W 2007 Acta Phys. Sin. 56 1881 (in Chinese) [周小清, 邬云文 2007 56 1881]
[3] Karlsson A, Bourennane M 1998 Phys. Rev. A 58 4394
[4] Zhou N R, Song H C, Gong L H, Liu Y 2012 Acta Phys. Sin. 61 214203 (in Chinese) [周南润, 宋汉冲, 龚黎华, 刘晔 2012 61 214203]
[5] Ekert A K 1991 Phys. Rev. Lett. 67 661
[6] Lin Q, Bai Y K, Ye M Y, Lin X M 2015 Chin. Phys. B 24 030304
[7] Dür W, Vidal G, Cirac J 2000 Phys. Rev. A 62 062314
[8] Höffner H, Hönsel W, Roos C F, Benhelm J 2005 Nature 438 643
[9] Guo G C, Zhang Y S 2002 Phys. Rev. A 65 054302
[10] Chen L B, Ye M Y, Lin G W, Du Q H, Lin X M 2007 Phys. Rev. A 76 062304
[11] Zhang C L, Li W Z, Chen M F 2013 Opt. Commun. 311 301
[12] Zou X B, Pahlke K, Mathis W 2002 Phys. Rev. A 66 044302
[13] Eibl M, Kiesel N, Bourennane M, Kurtsiefer C, Weinfurter H 2004 Phys. Rev. Lett. 92 077901
[14] Mikami H, Li Y, Kobayashi T 2004 Phys. Rev. A 70 052308
[15] Tashima T, Wakatsuki T, Özdemir S K, Yamamoto T, Koashi M, Imoto N 2009 Phys. Rev. Lett. 102 130502
[16] Tashima T, Kitano T, Özdemir S K, Yamamoto T, Koashi M, Imoto N 2010 Phys. Rev. Lett. 105 210503
[17] Wang T J, Long G L 2013 JOSA B 30 1069
[18] Grfe M, Heilmann R, Perez-Leija A, Keil R, Dreisow F, Heinrich M, Moya-Cessa H, Nolte S, Christodoulides D N, Szameit A 2014 Nature Photon. 8 791
[19] Shih Y H, Alley C O 1988 Phys. Rev. Lett. 61 2921
[20] Kwiat P G, Mattle K, Weinfurter H, Zeilinger A, Sergienko A V, Shih Y 1995 Phys. Rev. Lett. 75 4337
[21] Kwiat P G, Waks E, White A G, Appelbaum I, Eberhard P H 1999 Phys. Rev. A 60 R773
[22] Dür W 2001 Phys. Rev. A 63 020303
[23] Koashi M, Buek V, Imoto N 2000 Phys. Rev. A 62 R050302
[24] Leach J, Jack B, Romero J, Ritsch-Marte M, Boyd R W, Jha A K, Barnett S M, Franke-Arnold S, Padgett M J 2009 Opt. Express 17 8287
[25] Mair A, Vaziri A, Weihs G, Zeilinger A 2001 Nature 412 313
[26] Karimi E, Leach J, Slussarenko S, Piccirillo B, Marrucci L, Chen L X, She W L, Franke-Arnold S, Padgett M J, Santamato E 2010 Phys. Rev. A 82 022115
[27] Zhang C X, Guo B H, Cheng G M, Guo J J, Fan R H 2014 Sci. China: Phys. Mech. Astron. 57 2043
[28] Marrucci L, Manzo C, Paparo D 2006 Phys. Rev. Lett. 96 163905
[29] Chen L X, She W 2010 JOSA B 27 A7
[30] Torres J P, Deyanova Y, Torner L, Molina-Terriza G 2003 Phys. Rev. A 67 052313
[31] Franke-Arnold S, Barnett S M, Yao E, Leach J, Courtial J, Padgett M 2004 New J. Phys. 6 103
[32] Chen L X, She W 2011 Phys. Rev. A 83 032305
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