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By solving the higher-order nonlinear Schrödinger equation (NLSE), including Raman gain and self-steepening effect, the influence of the combined effect of Raman gain and self-steepening on the propagation characteristic of soliton pulse is simulated by the software of MATLAB. Results show that self-steepening effect can produce temporal shifts of the soliton and also can lead to the breakup of higher-order solitons through the phenomenon of soliton fission. Meanwhile, the Raman gain changes the propagation characteristic of optical soliton and inhibits the self-steepening effect, resulting in the increase in pulse width, and the decrease in pulse offset. As a result, the required propagation distance for higher-order soliton decaying into fundamental solitons is increased under the condition of Raman gain.
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Keywords:
- Raman gain /
- self-steepening effect /
- optical soliton /
- soliton fission
[1] Nakamura S, Takasawa N, Koyamada Y 2005 J. Lightwave Technol. 23 885
[2] Fang X, Karasawa N, Morita T, Windeler R S, Yamashita M 2003 IEEE Photon.Technol.Lett. 15 233
[3] Agrawal G P 2008 Nonlinear Fiber Optics (2nd Ed.) (Boston:Academic Press)
[4] Mollenauer L F, J P Gordon 2007 Solitons in Optical Fibers (Boston: Academic Press)
[5] Ablowitz M J, Clarkson P A 2003 Solitons, Nonlinear Evolution Equations,Inverse Scattering (New York: Cambridge University Press 2003)
[6] Tzoar N, Jain M 1981 Phys. Rev. A 23 1266
[7] Ohkuma K, Ichikawa Y H, Abe Y 1987 Opt.Lett. 12 516
[8] Zhong W P, Luo H J 2000 Chinese Phys. Lett. 17 577
[9] Kamcharnov A M, Darmanyan S A, Lederer F 1998 Phys. Lett. A 245 259
[10] Qiao H L, Jia W G, Liu B L 2013 Acta Phys. Sin. 62 104212 (in Chinese) [乔海龙, 贾维国, 刘宝林 2013 62 104212]
[11] Liu B L, Jia W G, Wang Y P, Qiao H L, Wang X D, KeNeimule1 2014 Acta Phys. Sin. 63 214207 (in Chinese) [刘宝林, 贾维国, 王玉平, 乔海龙, 王旭东, 门克内木乐 2014 63 214207]
[12] Mishra M, Konar S 2008 Progress In Electromagnetics Research 78 301
[13] Tzoar N, Jain M 1981 Phys. Rev. A 23 1266
[14] Zhong X Q, Tang T T, Xiang A P 2011 Opt. Communications 284 4727
[15] Potasek M J 1987 Opt. Lett. 12 921
[16] Xu W C 2002 Chin Phys. 11 39
[17] Hook A, Karlsson M 1993 Opt. Lett. 18 1388
[18] Qiao H L, Jia W G, Wang X D, Liu B L 2014 Acta Phys. Sin. 63 094208 (in Chinese) [乔海龙, 贾维国, 王旭东, 刘宝林 2014 63 094208]
[19] Jia W G, Qiao L R, Wang X Y 2012 Acta Phys. Sin. 61 194209 (in Chinese) [贾维国, 乔丽荣, 王旭颖 2012 61 194209]
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[1] Nakamura S, Takasawa N, Koyamada Y 2005 J. Lightwave Technol. 23 885
[2] Fang X, Karasawa N, Morita T, Windeler R S, Yamashita M 2003 IEEE Photon.Technol.Lett. 15 233
[3] Agrawal G P 2008 Nonlinear Fiber Optics (2nd Ed.) (Boston:Academic Press)
[4] Mollenauer L F, J P Gordon 2007 Solitons in Optical Fibers (Boston: Academic Press)
[5] Ablowitz M J, Clarkson P A 2003 Solitons, Nonlinear Evolution Equations,Inverse Scattering (New York: Cambridge University Press 2003)
[6] Tzoar N, Jain M 1981 Phys. Rev. A 23 1266
[7] Ohkuma K, Ichikawa Y H, Abe Y 1987 Opt.Lett. 12 516
[8] Zhong W P, Luo H J 2000 Chinese Phys. Lett. 17 577
[9] Kamcharnov A M, Darmanyan S A, Lederer F 1998 Phys. Lett. A 245 259
[10] Qiao H L, Jia W G, Liu B L 2013 Acta Phys. Sin. 62 104212 (in Chinese) [乔海龙, 贾维国, 刘宝林 2013 62 104212]
[11] Liu B L, Jia W G, Wang Y P, Qiao H L, Wang X D, KeNeimule1 2014 Acta Phys. Sin. 63 214207 (in Chinese) [刘宝林, 贾维国, 王玉平, 乔海龙, 王旭东, 门克内木乐 2014 63 214207]
[12] Mishra M, Konar S 2008 Progress In Electromagnetics Research 78 301
[13] Tzoar N, Jain M 1981 Phys. Rev. A 23 1266
[14] Zhong X Q, Tang T T, Xiang A P 2011 Opt. Communications 284 4727
[15] Potasek M J 1987 Opt. Lett. 12 921
[16] Xu W C 2002 Chin Phys. 11 39
[17] Hook A, Karlsson M 1993 Opt. Lett. 18 1388
[18] Qiao H L, Jia W G, Wang X D, Liu B L 2014 Acta Phys. Sin. 63 094208 (in Chinese) [乔海龙, 贾维国, 王旭东, 刘宝林 2014 63 094208]
[19] Jia W G, Qiao L R, Wang X Y 2012 Acta Phys. Sin. 61 194209 (in Chinese) [贾维国, 乔丽荣, 王旭颖 2012 61 194209]
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