Characteristics of information transfer of interaction between Mid and low-latitudes atmosphere

Zhang Zhi-Sen; Feng Guo-Lin; Gong Zhi-Qiang; Wu Hao

doi:10.7498/aps.63.029202

Abstract

In this article, information source characteristic degree, information sink characteristic degree and transfer equilibrium characteristic degree are defined based on transfer entropy. According to the definition, the information transfer in air-sea interaction is examined with sea surface temperature (SST) and geopotential height (GH). And the information transfer between central and eastern equatorial Pacific (20°S–20°N, 170°E–100°W) and tropics (20°S–20°N), and that between atmospheres in high latitude regions of northern hemisphere (north of 20°N) and southern hemisphere (south of 20°S) are analyzed too. In addition, decadal changes and seasonal differences in information transfer between central and eastern equatorial Pacific ocean and atmosphere are discussed by the defined indices of SST and HG. In a word, the information source distribution of ocean is mainly in tropics and the information sink distribution of atmosphere is mainly in mid-latitude. From the low-latitude to the mid-latitude, the ocean forcing the atmosphere is weakened while the atmosphere forcing the ocean is strengthened. Significant regional difference, decadal change and seasonal difference exist in information transfer from the tropical ocean to the atmosphere.

Keywords:

Authors and contacts

1.
Department of Atmospheric and Sciences Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China;
2.
Laboratory for Climate Studies, Beijing 100081, China
Funds: Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 40930952, 411075067), the Global Change Research of Major National Scientific Research Plan, China (Grant No. 2012CB955902), the National Basic Research Program of China (Grant No. 2013CB430204), and the Special Scientific Research Fund of Meteorological Public Welfare Profession of China (Grant Nos. GYHY201106016, GYHY201106015).

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[38]	Gong Z Q, Wang X J, Zhi R, Feng A X 2011 Chin. Pyhs. B 20 079201
[39]	Zhang Z S, Gong Z Q, Zhi R, Feng G L, Hu J G 2011 Chin. Pyhs. B 20 019201
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Cited By

[1]	Peixoto J P, Oort A H 1992 Physics of Climate (New York: American Institute of Physics Press) p30
[2]	Wu G X, Li J P, Zhou T J, Lu R Y, Yu Y Q, Zhu J, Mu M, Duan A M, Ren R C, Ding Y H, Li W J, He J H, Wang F, Yu W D, Qiao F L, Yuan D L, Qi Y Q 2006 Advances in Earth Science 21 1109 (in Chinese) [吴国雄, 李建平, 周天军, 陆日宇, 俞永强, 朱江, 穆穆, 段安民, 任荣彩, 丁一汇, 李维京, 何金海, 王凡, 于卫东, 乔方利, 袁东亮, 齐义泉 2006 地球科学进展 21 1109]
[3]	Ganachaud A, Wunsch C 2000 Nature 408 453
[4]	Walker G T 1923 Memoirs of the Indian Meteorological Department 24 75
[5]	Walker G T 1924 Memoirs of the Indian Meteorological Department 24 275
[6]	Walker G T 1928 Memories of the Royal Meteorological Society 2 97
[7]	Bjerknes J 1966 Tellus 18 20
[8]	Bjerknes J 1969 Monthly Weather Review 97 163
[9]	Klein S A, Soden B J, Lau N C 1999 J. Climate 12 917
[10]	Venzke S, Latif M, Villwock A 2000 J. Climate 13 1371
[11]	Saji N H, Goswami B H, Vinayachandran P N, Yamagata T 1999 Nature 401 360
[12]	Moura A D, Shukla J 1981 J. Atmosph. Sci. 38 2653
[13]	Philander S G H, Pacanowski R C 1986 Nature 322 251
[14]	Zebiak S E 1993 J. Climate 6 1567
[15]	Carton J A, Huang B 1994 J. Phys. Oceanography 24 888
[16]	Hoerling M P, Kumar A 2002 J. Climate 15 2184
[17]	Alexander M A, Bladé I, Newman M, Lanzante J R, Lau N C, Scott J D 2002 J. Climate 15 2205
[18]	Wang C Z, Xie S P, Carton J A 2004 Earth Climate: The Ocean-Atmosphere Interaction (Washington D.C.: AGU) p121
[19]	Su H, Neelin J D, Meyerson J E 2005 J. Climate 18 4195
[20]	Yang J L, Liu Q Y, Liu Z Y 2010 J. Climate 23 5889
[21]	Zheng J, Liu Q Y, Wang C Z, Zheng X T 2012 Climate Dyn. 40 2023
[22]	Scaife A A, Kucharski F, Folland C K, Kinter J, Brönnimann S, Fereday D, Fischer A M, Grainger S, Jin E K, Kang I S, Knight J R, Kusunoki S, Lau N C, Nath M J, Nakaegawa T, Pegion P, Schubert S, Sporyshev P, Syktus J, Yoon J H, Zeng N, Zhou J 2009 Climate Dyn. 33 603
[23]	Zhou T J, Wu B, Scaife A A, Brönnimann S, Cherchi A, Fereday D, Fischer A M, Folland C K, Jin K E, Kinter J, Knight J R, Kucharski F, Kusunoki S, Lau N C, Li L J, Nath M J, Nakaegawa T, Navarra A, Pegion P, Rozanov E, Schubert S, Sporyshev P, Voldoire A, Wen X Y, Yoon J H, Zeng N 2009 Climate Dyn. 33 1051
[24]	Zhou T J, Wu B, Wang B 2009 J. Climate 22 1159
[25]	Wallace J M, Jiang Q 1987 Atmospheric and Oceanic Variability (London: Royal Meteorological Society) p17
[26]	Cayan D R 1992 J. Phys. Oceanography 22 859
[27]	Feng A X, Gong Z Q, Wang Q G, Sun S P, Feng G L 2011 Acta Pyhs. Sin. 60 059205 (in Chinese) [冯爱霞, 龚志强, 王启光, 孙树鹏, 封国林 2011 60 059205]
[28]	Verdes P F 2005 Phys. Rev. E 72 026222
[29]	Kleeman R 2007 J. Atmos Sci. 64 1005
[30]	Hannisdal B, Peters S E 2011 Science 334 1121
[31]	Sharma S D, Ramesh D S, Bapanayya C, Raju P A 2012 J. Geophys. Res. 117 D13110
[32]	Zhang Z S, Gong Z Q, Zhi R 2013 Acta Pyhs. Sin. 62 129203 (in Chinese) [张志森, 龚志强, 支蓉 2013 62 129203]
[33]	Schreiber T 2000 Phys. Rev. Lett. 85 461
[34]	Michelis D, Consolini G, Materassi M, Tozzi R 2011 J. Geophys. Res. 116 A08225
[35]	Zhang X H, Yu Y Q, Liu H 1998 J. Atmos. Sci. 22 511 (in Chinese) [张学洪, 俞永强, 刘辉 1998 大气科学 22 511]
[36]	Zhou T J, Yu R C, Gao Y Q, Helge D 2006 Acta Meteor. Sin. 64 1 (in Chinese) [周天军, 宇如聪, 郜永琪, Helge Drange 2006 气象学报 64 1]
[37]	Gong Z Q, Zhi R, Hou W, Wang X J, Feng G L 2012 Acta Pyhs. Sin. 61 029202 (in Chinese) [龚志强, 支蓉, 侯威, 王晓娟, 封国林 2012 61 029202]
[38]	Gong Z Q, Wang X J, Zhi R, Feng A X 2011 Chin. Pyhs. B 20 079201
[39]	Zhang Z S, Gong Z Q, Zhi R, Feng G L, Hu J G 2011 Chin. Pyhs. B 20 019201
[40]	Wang X J, Zhi R, He W P, Gong Z Q 2012 Chin. Phys. B 21 029201
[41]	Feng G L, Dai X G, Wang A H, Chou J F 2001 Acta Pyhs. Sin. 50 606 (in Chinese) [封国林, 戴新刚, 王爱慧, 丑纪范 2001 50 606]
[42]	He W P, Feng G L, Dong W J, Li J P 2006 Acta Pyhs. Sin. 55 969 (in Chinese) [何文平, 封国林, 董文杰, 李建平 2006 55 969]
[43]	Tokinaga H, Xie S P, Deser C, Kosaka Y, Okumura Y M 2012 Nature 491 439

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Vol. 63, Issue 2 - 2014-01-20

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