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A sodium beacon with bright magnitude can be obtained during backscattering time, by utilizing a long pulse laser with parameters matched with a sending and receiving beacon system. This is helpful to get high SNR in detecting beacon, and to achieve a closed-loop correction at high frequency. Based on a 450 mm telescope and a high-energy long pulse laser, the detection experiment of sodium beacon was carried out, and the backscattering characteristics of sodium beacon were obtained. The intensity data of backscattering light with different launching energy and polarization were collected by CCD and PMT. As high as ～15,000 photons/m2·pulse-1 of backscattering light was detected, and the brightness is close to 4.1 magnitudes during backscattering time. The column density in experiment was derived from analyzing and calculating experimental data. No saturation phenomenon was observed during the whole experimental process. And the feasibility to avoid saturation is verified and a bright sodium beacon is obtained by utilizing a long pulse laser.
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Keywords:
- laser technique /
- sodium beacon /
- pulsed laser /
- energy
[1] Foy R, Labeyrie A 1985 Astronomy and Astrophysics 152 29
[2] Lu Y H, Huang Y F, Zhang L, Zhang K, Tang C, Wang W M, Ma Y 2011 Laser & Optoelectronics Progress 48 071406 (in Chinese) [鲁燕华, 黄园芳, 张雷, 张凯, 唐淳, 王为民, 马毅 2011 激光与光电子学进展 48 071406]
[3] Craig A D, Paul D H, Gerald T M, John M T, Joseph E P, Jack D D, Robert Q F 2005 Proc. of SPIE 5707 46
[4] Craig A D, Jack D D, Mark L E, Eickhoff, Robert Q F, Paul D H, Steven J N, John M T 2006 Proc. of SPIE 6272 6272L-1
[5] Edward K 2008 Proc. of SPIE 7015 70150M-1
[6] Ronald H, Simon M R, Thomas P, Domenico B C, Dmitry B, James M H, Wolfgang H 2010 Proc. of SPIE 7736 77360V
[7] John M T, Peter W M, Paul D H 1998 Proc. of SPIE 3264 37
[8] Wang F, Ye Y D, Hu X Y, Luo Z X, Yan H, He L 2012 Infrared and Laser Engineering 41 1471 (in Chinese) [王锋, 叶一东, 胡晓阳, 雒仲祥 颜宏, 何丽 2012 红外与激光工程 41 1471]
[9] Chen L H, Rao C H 2011 Acta Phys. Sin. 60 09701 (in Chinese) [陈林辉, 饶长辉 2011 60 09701]
[10] Timothy J K, Byron M W, Chester S G, Laird A T 1989 Proc. of SPIE 7736 77360V
[11] Gardner C S, Welsh B M, Thompson LA 1990 Proc IEEE 78 1721
[12] Zhang J H, Cai L, Zhang X F, Gao G C, Yang Y C, Chen L Z, Tan B T 2013 Acta Optica Sinica 33 s101001 (in Chinese) [ 张己化, 蔡雷, 张晓飞, 高国昌, 杨雨川, 陈力子, 谭碧涛 2013 光学学报 33 s101001]
[13] Ageorges N, Dainty C 2000 Laser Guide Star Adaptive Optics for Astronomy (Berlin: Springer Netherlands) p58
[14] John T, Jack D, Paul H, Craig D 2008 Proc. of SPIE 6878 68780G
[15] Ge J, Jacobsen B P, Angel J R P, McGuire P C, Roberts T, McLeod Brian A, Lloyd-Hart M 1998 Proc. of SPIE 3353 242
[16] Liu X Q, Hu S X, Li C, Hu H L, Zhang Y C, Xue X H 2006 High Power Laser and Particle Beams 18 1944 (in Chinese) [刘小勤, 胡顺星, 李琛, 胡欢陵, 张寅超, 薛向辉 2006 强激光与粒子束 18 1944]
[17] Yang G T 2009 Ph. D. Dissertation (Wuhan: Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences) (in Chinese) [杨国韬 2009 博士学位论文(武汉: 中国科学院研究生院)]
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[1] Foy R, Labeyrie A 1985 Astronomy and Astrophysics 152 29
[2] Lu Y H, Huang Y F, Zhang L, Zhang K, Tang C, Wang W M, Ma Y 2011 Laser & Optoelectronics Progress 48 071406 (in Chinese) [鲁燕华, 黄园芳, 张雷, 张凯, 唐淳, 王为民, 马毅 2011 激光与光电子学进展 48 071406]
[3] Craig A D, Paul D H, Gerald T M, John M T, Joseph E P, Jack D D, Robert Q F 2005 Proc. of SPIE 5707 46
[4] Craig A D, Jack D D, Mark L E, Eickhoff, Robert Q F, Paul D H, Steven J N, John M T 2006 Proc. of SPIE 6272 6272L-1
[5] Edward K 2008 Proc. of SPIE 7015 70150M-1
[6] Ronald H, Simon M R, Thomas P, Domenico B C, Dmitry B, James M H, Wolfgang H 2010 Proc. of SPIE 7736 77360V
[7] John M T, Peter W M, Paul D H 1998 Proc. of SPIE 3264 37
[8] Wang F, Ye Y D, Hu X Y, Luo Z X, Yan H, He L 2012 Infrared and Laser Engineering 41 1471 (in Chinese) [王锋, 叶一东, 胡晓阳, 雒仲祥 颜宏, 何丽 2012 红外与激光工程 41 1471]
[9] Chen L H, Rao C H 2011 Acta Phys. Sin. 60 09701 (in Chinese) [陈林辉, 饶长辉 2011 60 09701]
[10] Timothy J K, Byron M W, Chester S G, Laird A T 1989 Proc. of SPIE 7736 77360V
[11] Gardner C S, Welsh B M, Thompson LA 1990 Proc IEEE 78 1721
[12] Zhang J H, Cai L, Zhang X F, Gao G C, Yang Y C, Chen L Z, Tan B T 2013 Acta Optica Sinica 33 s101001 (in Chinese) [ 张己化, 蔡雷, 张晓飞, 高国昌, 杨雨川, 陈力子, 谭碧涛 2013 光学学报 33 s101001]
[13] Ageorges N, Dainty C 2000 Laser Guide Star Adaptive Optics for Astronomy (Berlin: Springer Netherlands) p58
[14] John T, Jack D, Paul H, Craig D 2008 Proc. of SPIE 6878 68780G
[15] Ge J, Jacobsen B P, Angel J R P, McGuire P C, Roberts T, McLeod Brian A, Lloyd-Hart M 1998 Proc. of SPIE 3353 242
[16] Liu X Q, Hu S X, Li C, Hu H L, Zhang Y C, Xue X H 2006 High Power Laser and Particle Beams 18 1944 (in Chinese) [刘小勤, 胡顺星, 李琛, 胡欢陵, 张寅超, 薛向辉 2006 强激光与粒子束 18 1944]
[17] Yang G T 2009 Ph. D. Dissertation (Wuhan: Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences) (in Chinese) [杨国韬 2009 博士学位论文(武汉: 中国科学院研究生院)]
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