Influences of deposition rate in second stage on the Cu(In,Ga)Se2 thin film and device prepared by low-temperature process

Li Zhi-Guo; Liu Wei; He Jing-Jing; Li Zu-Liang; Han An-Jun; Zhang Chao; Zhou Zhi-Qiang; Zhang Yi; Sun Yun

doi:10.7498/aps.62.038803

Abstract

Polycrystalline Cu(In,Ga)Se2 (CIGS) thin ?lms are deposited onto soda-lime glass substrates by the low-temperature three-stage process (below substrate temperature of 420℃). The influences of growth rate in the second stage on structural and electrical properties of CIGS thin film and device performance are investigated. With the increase of deposition rate during the second stage, the crystallinity and grain compactness of CIGS thin film are promoted, and the double-peak reflection pattern is reduced obviously,which can reduce the recombination in the grain boundary and help to improve the conversion efficiency of the CIGS solar cell significantly. However, according to the experimental results, higher growth rate during the second stage leads to rough surface and low carrier concentration. The larger surface roughness can be attributed to the larger grain size of secondary-phase Cu2-xSe, and the lower carrier concentration results from the reduction of passivation donor defect effect which is induced by the hindrance of Na diffusion from the glass substrate. High growth rate in the second stage is found to be able to increase the interface recombination and induce shunt paths in the solar cell and then the open circuit voltage and the cell parameters are deteriorated. Finally, a high conversion efficiency of 11.24% is achieved by optimizing the growth rate in the second stage.

Keywords:

Authors and contacts

1.
Institute of Photo-Electronics Thin Film Devices and Technique, College of Information Technical Science, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
Funds: Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 61076061, 60906033), the Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin, China (Grant No. 11JCYBJC01200) and the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China (Grant No. 2004AA513020).

References

[1]	Repins I, Glynn S, Duenow J, Coutts T J, Metzger W K, Contreras M A 2009 Proceedings of Society of Photographic Instrumentation Engineers San Diego, California August 2-6, 2009 p74090M
[2]	Jackson P, Hariskos D, Lotter E, Paetel S, Wuerz R, Menner R, Wischmann W, Powalla M 2011 Progress in Photovoltaics: Research and Applications 19 894
[3]	Chirilă A, Buecheler S, Pianezzi F, Bloesch P, Gretener C, Uhl A R, Fella C, Kranz L, Perrenoud J, Seyrling S, Verma R, Nishiwaki S, Romanyuk Y E, Bilger G, Tiwari A N 2011 Nat. Mater. 10 857
[4]	Sharaman W N, Birkmire R W, Marsillac S, Marudachalam M, Orbey N, Russell T W F 1997 Proceedings of Photovoltaic Specialists Conference Anaheim, CA, September 29-Octobor 3, 1997 p331
[5]	Lundberg O, Bodegrd M, Stolt L 2003 Thin Solid Films 431 26
[6]	Chirila A, Seyrling S, Buecheler S, Guettler D, Nishiwaki S, Romanyuk Y E, Bilger G, Tiwari A N 2011 Progress in Photovoltaics: Research and Applications 20 209
[7]	Chirila A, Guettler D, Bremaud D 2009 Proceedings of Photovoltaic Specialists Conference Philadelphia, PA, June 7-12 2009 p812
[8]	Kessler J, Scholdstrom J, Stolt L 2000 Proceedings of Photovoltaic Specialists Conference Anchorage, AK, 2000 p509
[9]	Gabor A M, Tuttle J R, Bode M H, Franz A, Tennant A L, Contreras M A, Noufi R, Jensen D G, Hermann A M 1996 Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells 41-42 247
[10]	Kohara N, Negami T, Nishitani M, Wada T 1995 Japanese Journal of Applied Physics 34 L1141
[11]	Nishiwaki S, Satoh T, Hayashi S, Hashimoto Y, Negami T, Wada T 1999 Journal of Materials Research 14 4514
[12]	Tuttle J R, Contreras M, Bode M H, Niles D, Albin D S, Matson R, Gabor A M, Tennant A, Duda A, Noufi R 1995 Journal of Applied Physics 77 153
[13]	Ao J P, Yang L, Yan L, Sun G Z, He Q, Zhou Z Q, Sun Y 2009 Acta Phys. Sin. 58 1870 (in Chinese) [敖建平, 杨亮, 闫礼, 孙国忠, 何青, 周志强, 孙云 2009 58 1870]
[14]	Noufi R, Yanfa Y, Abu-Shama J, Jones K, Al-Jassim M, Keyes B, Alleman J, Ramanathan K 2002 Proceedings of Photovoltaic Specialists Conference New Orleans LA, ETATS-UNIS May 19-24, 2002 p508
[15]	Zhang L, He Q, Jiang W L, Liu F F, Li C J, Sun Y 2009 Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells 93 114
[16]	Zhang L, He Q, Xu C M, Xue Y H, Li C J, Sun Y 2008 Chin. Phys. B 17 3138
[17]	Li Z, Nishijima M, Yamada A, Konagai M 2009 Physica Status Solidi (c) 6 1273
[18]	Contreras M A, Jones K M, Gedvilas L, Matson R 2000 Proceedings of 16th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition Glasgow, U.K., May 1-5, 2000 p732
[19]	Nishiwaki S, Satoh T, Hashimoto Y, Negami T, Wada T 2001 Journal of Materials Research 16 394
[20]	Shafarman W N, Klenk R, McCandless B E 1996 Journal of Applied Physics 79 7324
[21]	Ruckh M, Schmid D, Kaiser M, Schäffler R, Walter T, Schock H W 1996 Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells 41-42 335
[22]	Rudmann D, Kaelin M, Haug F J, Kurdesau F, Zogg H, Tiwari A N 2003 Proceedings of Photovoltaic Energy Conversion Osaka, Japan, May 18 2003 p376
[23]	Niles D W, Al-Jassim M, Ramanathan K 1999 Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology A: Vacuum, Surfaces, and Films 17 291
[24]	Lundberg O, Lu J, Rockett A, Edoff M, Stolt L 2003 Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids 64 1499
[25]	Guttler D, Chirila A, Seyrling S, Blosch P, Buecheler S, Fontane X 2010 Proceedings of Photovoltaic Specialists Conference Honolulu, HI, June 20-25, 2010 p3420
[26]	Wei S H, Zhang S B, Zunger A 1999 Journal of Applied Physics 85 7214
[27]	He J J, Liu W, Li Z G, Li B Y, Han A J, Li G M, Zhang C, Zhang Y, Sun Y 2012 Acta Phys. Sin. 61 198801 (in Chinese) [何静婧, 刘玮, 李志国, 李博研, 韩安军, 李光旻, 张超, 张毅, 孙云 2012 61 198801]
[28]	Hegedus S S, Shafarman W N 2004 Progress in Photovoltaics: Research and Applications 12 155
[29]	Repins I, Contreras M A, Egaas B, DeHart C, Scharf J, Perkins C L, To B, Noufi R 2008 Progress in Photovoltaics: Research and Applications 16 235
[30]	Contreras M A, Ramanathan K, AbuShama J, Hasoon F, Young D L, Egaas B, Noufi R 2005 Progress in Photovoltaics: Research and Applications 13 209
[31]	Minemoto T, Matsui T, Takakura H, Hamakawa Y, Negami T, Hashimoto Y, Uenoyama T, Kitagawa M 2001 Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells 67 83
[32]	Dullweber T, Rau U, Contreras M A, Noufi R, Schock H W 2000 Electron Devices 47 2249

Cited By

[1]	Repins I, Glynn S, Duenow J, Coutts T J, Metzger W K, Contreras M A 2009 Proceedings of Society of Photographic Instrumentation Engineers San Diego, California August 2-6, 2009 p74090M
[2]	Jackson P, Hariskos D, Lotter E, Paetel S, Wuerz R, Menner R, Wischmann W, Powalla M 2011 Progress in Photovoltaics: Research and Applications 19 894
[3]	Chirilă A, Buecheler S, Pianezzi F, Bloesch P, Gretener C, Uhl A R, Fella C, Kranz L, Perrenoud J, Seyrling S, Verma R, Nishiwaki S, Romanyuk Y E, Bilger G, Tiwari A N 2011 Nat. Mater. 10 857
[4]	Sharaman W N, Birkmire R W, Marsillac S, Marudachalam M, Orbey N, Russell T W F 1997 Proceedings of Photovoltaic Specialists Conference Anaheim, CA, September 29-Octobor 3, 1997 p331
[5]	Lundberg O, Bodegrd M, Stolt L 2003 Thin Solid Films 431 26
[6]	Chirila A, Seyrling S, Buecheler S, Guettler D, Nishiwaki S, Romanyuk Y E, Bilger G, Tiwari A N 2011 Progress in Photovoltaics: Research and Applications 20 209
[7]	Chirila A, Guettler D, Bremaud D 2009 Proceedings of Photovoltaic Specialists Conference Philadelphia, PA, June 7-12 2009 p812
[8]	Kessler J, Scholdstrom J, Stolt L 2000 Proceedings of Photovoltaic Specialists Conference Anchorage, AK, 2000 p509
[9]	Gabor A M, Tuttle J R, Bode M H, Franz A, Tennant A L, Contreras M A, Noufi R, Jensen D G, Hermann A M 1996 Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells 41-42 247
[10]	Kohara N, Negami T, Nishitani M, Wada T 1995 Japanese Journal of Applied Physics 34 L1141
[11]	Nishiwaki S, Satoh T, Hayashi S, Hashimoto Y, Negami T, Wada T 1999 Journal of Materials Research 14 4514
[12]	Tuttle J R, Contreras M, Bode M H, Niles D, Albin D S, Matson R, Gabor A M, Tennant A, Duda A, Noufi R 1995 Journal of Applied Physics 77 153
[13]	Ao J P, Yang L, Yan L, Sun G Z, He Q, Zhou Z Q, Sun Y 2009 Acta Phys. Sin. 58 1870 (in Chinese) [敖建平, 杨亮, 闫礼, 孙国忠, 何青, 周志强, 孙云 2009 58 1870]
[14]	Noufi R, Yanfa Y, Abu-Shama J, Jones K, Al-Jassim M, Keyes B, Alleman J, Ramanathan K 2002 Proceedings of Photovoltaic Specialists Conference New Orleans LA, ETATS-UNIS May 19-24, 2002 p508
[15]	Zhang L, He Q, Jiang W L, Liu F F, Li C J, Sun Y 2009 Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells 93 114
[16]	Zhang L, He Q, Xu C M, Xue Y H, Li C J, Sun Y 2008 Chin. Phys. B 17 3138
[17]	Li Z, Nishijima M, Yamada A, Konagai M 2009 Physica Status Solidi (c) 6 1273
[18]	Contreras M A, Jones K M, Gedvilas L, Matson R 2000 Proceedings of 16th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition Glasgow, U.K., May 1-5, 2000 p732
[19]	Nishiwaki S, Satoh T, Hashimoto Y, Negami T, Wada T 2001 Journal of Materials Research 16 394
[20]	Shafarman W N, Klenk R, McCandless B E 1996 Journal of Applied Physics 79 7324
[21]	Ruckh M, Schmid D, Kaiser M, Schäffler R, Walter T, Schock H W 1996 Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells 41-42 335
[22]	Rudmann D, Kaelin M, Haug F J, Kurdesau F, Zogg H, Tiwari A N 2003 Proceedings of Photovoltaic Energy Conversion Osaka, Japan, May 18 2003 p376
[23]	Niles D W, Al-Jassim M, Ramanathan K 1999 Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology A: Vacuum, Surfaces, and Films 17 291
[24]	Lundberg O, Lu J, Rockett A, Edoff M, Stolt L 2003 Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids 64 1499
[25]	Guttler D, Chirila A, Seyrling S, Blosch P, Buecheler S, Fontane X 2010 Proceedings of Photovoltaic Specialists Conference Honolulu, HI, June 20-25, 2010 p3420
[26]	Wei S H, Zhang S B, Zunger A 1999 Journal of Applied Physics 85 7214
[27]	He J J, Liu W, Li Z G, Li B Y, Han A J, Li G M, Zhang C, Zhang Y, Sun Y 2012 Acta Phys. Sin. 61 198801 (in Chinese) [何静婧, 刘玮, 李志国, 李博研, 韩安军, 李光旻, 张超, 张毅, 孙云 2012 61 198801]
[28]	Hegedus S S, Shafarman W N 2004 Progress in Photovoltaics: Research and Applications 12 155
[29]	Repins I, Contreras M A, Egaas B, DeHart C, Scharf J, Perkins C L, To B, Noufi R 2008 Progress in Photovoltaics: Research and Applications 16 235
[30]	Contreras M A, Ramanathan K, AbuShama J, Hasoon F, Young D L, Egaas B, Noufi R 2005 Progress in Photovoltaics: Research and Applications 13 209
[31]	Minemoto T, Matsui T, Takakura H, Hamakawa Y, Negami T, Hashimoto Y, Uenoyama T, Kitagawa M 2001 Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells 67 83
[32]	Dullweber T, Rau U, Contreras M A, Noufi R, Schock H W 2000 Electron Devices 47 2249

[1]	Wang Shi-Dong, Yan Ya-Ting, Wang Rui-Ying, Zhu Zhi-Li, Gu Jin-Hua. Cesium doping for improving performance of inverse-graded 2D (CMA)₂MA₈Pb₉I₂₈ perovskite film and solar cells. Acta Physica Sinica, 2023, 72(13): 138801. doi: 10.7498/aps.72.20230357
[2]	Ding Ye-Zhang, Ye Yin, Li Duo-Sheng, Xu Feng, Lang Wen-Chang, Liu Jun-Hong, Wen Xin. Molecular dynamics simulation of graphene deposition and growth on WC-Co cemented carbides. Acta Physica Sinica, 2023, 72(6): 068703. doi: 10.7498/aps.72.20221332
[3]	Du Xiang, Chen Si, Lin Dong-Xu, Xie Fang-Yan, Chen Jian, Xie Wei-Guang, Liu Peng-Yi. Improvement of current characteristic of perovskite solar cells using dodecanedioic acid modified TiO2 electron transporting layer. Acta Physica Sinica, 2018, 67(9): 098801. doi: 10.7498/aps.67.20172779
[4]	Chen Xin-Liang, Chen Li, Zhou Zhong-Xin, Zhao Ying, Zhang Xiao-Dan. Progress of Cu2O/ZnO oxide heterojunction solar cells. Acta Physica Sinica, 2018, 67(11): 118401. doi: 10.7498/aps.67.20172037
[5]	Yao Xin, Ding Yan-Li, Zhang Xiao-Dan, Zhao Ying. A review of the perovskite solar cells. Acta Physica Sinica, 2015, 64(3): 038805. doi: 10.7498/aps.64.038805
[6]	Zeng Xiang-An, Ai Bin, Deng You-Jun, Shen Hui. Study on light-induced degradation of silicon wafers and solar cells. Acta Physica Sinica, 2014, 63(2): 028803. doi: 10.7498/aps.63.028803
[7]	Zhang Yong, Shan Zhi-Fa, Cai Jian-Jiu, Wu Hong-Qing, Li Jun-Cheng, Chen Kai-Xuan, Lin Zhi-Wei, Wang Xiang-Wu. Investigation of inverted metamorphic GaInP/GaAs/In0.3Ga0.7As (1 eV) triple junction solar cells for space applications. Acta Physica Sinica, 2013, 62(15): 158802. doi: 10.7498/aps.62.158802
[8]	Feng Jia-Heng, Tang Li-Dan, Liu Bang-Wu, Xia Yang, Wang Bing. Low-temperature growth of AlN thin films by plasma-enhanced atomic layer deposition. Acta Physica Sinica, 2013, 62(11): 117302. doi: 10.7498/aps.62.117302
[9]	Han An-Jun, Sun Yun, Li Zhi-Guo, Li Bo-Yan, He Jing-Jing, Zhang Yi, Liu Wei. The high efficiency sub-micrometer Cu(In, Ga)Se2 solar cell prepared on low temperature. Acta Physica Sinica, 2013, 62(4): 048401. doi: 10.7498/aps.62.048401
[10]	Zhang Kun, Liu Fang-Yang, Lai Yan-Qing, Li Yi, Yan Chang, Zhang Zhi-An, Li Jie, Liu Ye-Xiang. In situ growth and characterization of Cu2ZnSnS4 thin films by reactive magnetron co-sputtering for solar cells. Acta Physica Sinica, 2011, 60(2): 028802. doi: 10.7498/aps.60.028802
[11]	Liang Lin-Yun, Dai Song-Yuan, Hu Lin-Hua, Dai Jun, Liu Wei-Qing. Effect of TiO2 particle size on the properties of electron transport and back-reaction in dye-sensitized solar cells. Acta Physica Sinica, 2009, 58(2): 1338-1343. doi: 10.7498/aps.58.1338
[12]	Yu Huang-Zhong, Peng Jun-Biao, Liu Jin-Cheng. The performance of solar cell based on the blend of MEH-PPV∶TiO2. Acta Physica Sinica, 2009, 58(1): 669-673. doi: 10.7498/aps.58.669
[13]	Cen Min, Zhang Yue-Guang, Chen Wei-Lan, Gu Pei-Fu. Influences of deposition rate and oxygen partial pressure on residual stress of HfO2 films. Acta Physica Sinica, 2009, 58(10): 7025-7029. doi: 10.7498/aps.58.7025
[14]	Liang Lin-Yun, Dai Song-Yuan, Fang Xia-Qin, Hu Lin-Hua. Research on the electron transport and back-reaction kinetics in TiO2 films applied in dye-sensitized solar cells. Acta Physica Sinica, 2008, 57(3): 1956-1962. doi: 10.7498/aps.57.1956
[15]	Li Wei, Ao Jian-Ping, He Qing, Liu Fang-Fang, Li Feng-Yan, Li Chang-Jian, Sun Yun. The influence of substrate on texture of Cu(In,Ga)Se2 film. Acta Physica Sinica, 2007, 56(8): 5009-5012. doi: 10.7498/aps.56.5009
[16]	Dai Song-Yuan, Kong Fan-Tai, Hu Lin-Hua, Shi Cheng-Wu, Fang Xia-Qin, Pan Xu, Wang Kong-Jia. Investigation on the dye-sensitized solar cell. Acta Physica Sinica, 2005, 54(4): 1919-1926. doi: 10.7498/aps.54.1919
[17]	Zeng Long-Yue, Dai Song-Yuan, Wang Kong-Jia, Shi Cheng-Wu, Kong Fan-Tai, Hu Lin-Hua, Pan Xu. The mechanism of dye-sensitized solar cell based on nanocrystalline ZnO films. Acta Physica Sinica, 2005, 54(1): 53-57. doi: 10.7498/aps.54.53
[18]	Wang Xiao-Qiang, Li Jun-Shuai, Chen Qiang, Qi Jing, Yin Min, He De-Yan. Aluminum-induced crystallization during deposition of silicon films by inductively coupled plasma CVD. Acta Physica Sinica, 2005, 54(1): 269-273. doi: 10.7498/aps.54.269
[19]	Xu Wei-Wei, Dai Song-Yuan, Fang Xia-Qin, Hu Lin-Hua, Kong Fan-Tai, Pan Xu, Wang Kong-Jia. Optimization of photoelectrode introduced to dye-sensitized solar cells by anodic oxidative hydrolysis. Acta Physica Sinica, 2005, 54(12): 5943-5948. doi: 10.7498/aps.54.5943
[20]	HE DE-YAN. CONTROL OF THE SURFACE REACTIONS DURING THE LOW-TEMPERATURE GROWTH OF POLYCRYSTALLINE SILICON FILMS. Acta Physica Sinica, 2001, 50(4): 779-783. doi: 10.7498/aps.50.779

Catalog

Vol. 62, Issue 3 - 2013-02-05

Metrics

Abstract views: 6608
PDF Downloads: 479
Cited By: 0

姓名
邮箱
手机号码
标题
留言内容
验证码

Search

Article

留言板