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We systematically investigate the transmission characteristics of the split ring resonator (SRR) for propagation perpendicular to the plane of the ring resonator. Both the vertical polarization and the horizontal polarization are considered. A retrieval procedure is used to obtain permittivity and permeability . It is found that in the normal incidence case the SRR also has strong electric and magnetic responses. The electric response occurs when electric field is parallel to the side of the SRR (vertical polarization) and the frequency band is often higher than that of magnetic resonance. The magnetic response needs a polarization rotation (horizontal polarization) and the magnetic resonant frequency is the same as that of parallel incidence. The conclusions are demonstrated and the reasons for the electric and magnetic resonances are also discussed theoretically.
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Keywords:
- left handed metamaterials /
- split-ring resonators /
- electric resonance /
- magnetic resonance
[1] Houck A A, Brock J B, Chuang I L 2003 Phys. Rev. Lett. 90 137401
[2] Seddon N, Bearpark T 2003 Science 302 5650
[3] Pendry J B 2000 Phys. Rev. Lett. 85 3966
[4] Woodley J F , Wheeler M S 2005 Phys. Rev. E 71 066605
[5] Liu R P , Degiron A 2007 Appl. Phys. Lett. 90 263504
[6] Wang D X, Ran L X 2007 Appl. Phys. Lett. 90 254103
[7] Hao J M, Yuan Y,Ran L X, Jiang T, Kong J A , Chan C T, Zhou L 2007 Phys. Rev. Lett. 99 063908
[8] Liu Y H , Luo C R , Zhao X P 2007 Acta Phys. Sin. 56 5883 (in Chinese) [刘亚红, 罗春荣, 赵晓鹏 2007 56 5883 ]
[9] Zhou J F ,Koschny T,Zhang L ,Tuttle G,Soukoulis CM2006 Appl. Phys. Lett. 88 221103
[10] Zhou J F ,Zhang L ,Tuttle G,Koschny T,Soukoulis CM2006 Phys. Rev. B 73 41101(R)
[11] Soukoulis C M,Linden S ,Wegener M 2007 Science 315 47
[12] Liu Y H, Song J, Luo C R, Fu Q H, Zhao X P 2008 Acta Phys. Sin. 57 934 (in Chinese) [刘亚红, 宋娟, 罗春荣, 付全红, 赵晓鹏 2008 57 934]
[13] Smith D R, Vier D C, Kroll N, Schultz S 2000 Appl. Phys. Lett. 77 2246
[14] Moss C D, Grzgorczyk T M, Zhang Y, Kong J A, 2002 Prog. Electromagn. Res. 35 315
[15] Zhao Q, Zhao X P, Kang L, Zhang F L, Liu Y H, Luo C R 2004 Acta Phys. Sin. 53 2206 (in Chinese) [赵乾, 赵晓鹏, 康雷, 张富利, 刘亚红, 罗春荣 2004 53 2206]
[16] Chen H S , Ran L X, Huangfu J T, Zhang X M, Chen K S ,Grzegorczyk TM, Kong J A 2004 Phys. Rev. E 70 057605
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[1] Houck A A, Brock J B, Chuang I L 2003 Phys. Rev. Lett. 90 137401
[2] Seddon N, Bearpark T 2003 Science 302 5650
[3] Pendry J B 2000 Phys. Rev. Lett. 85 3966
[4] Woodley J F , Wheeler M S 2005 Phys. Rev. E 71 066605
[5] Liu R P , Degiron A 2007 Appl. Phys. Lett. 90 263504
[6] Wang D X, Ran L X 2007 Appl. Phys. Lett. 90 254103
[7] Hao J M, Yuan Y,Ran L X, Jiang T, Kong J A , Chan C T, Zhou L 2007 Phys. Rev. Lett. 99 063908
[8] Liu Y H , Luo C R , Zhao X P 2007 Acta Phys. Sin. 56 5883 (in Chinese) [刘亚红, 罗春荣, 赵晓鹏 2007 56 5883 ]
[9] Zhou J F ,Koschny T,Zhang L ,Tuttle G,Soukoulis CM2006 Appl. Phys. Lett. 88 221103
[10] Zhou J F ,Zhang L ,Tuttle G,Koschny T,Soukoulis CM2006 Phys. Rev. B 73 41101(R)
[11] Soukoulis C M,Linden S ,Wegener M 2007 Science 315 47
[12] Liu Y H, Song J, Luo C R, Fu Q H, Zhao X P 2008 Acta Phys. Sin. 57 934 (in Chinese) [刘亚红, 宋娟, 罗春荣, 付全红, 赵晓鹏 2008 57 934]
[13] Smith D R, Vier D C, Kroll N, Schultz S 2000 Appl. Phys. Lett. 77 2246
[14] Moss C D, Grzgorczyk T M, Zhang Y, Kong J A, 2002 Prog. Electromagn. Res. 35 315
[15] Zhao Q, Zhao X P, Kang L, Zhang F L, Liu Y H, Luo C R 2004 Acta Phys. Sin. 53 2206 (in Chinese) [赵乾, 赵晓鹏, 康雷, 张富利, 刘亚红, 罗春荣 2004 53 2206]
[16] Chen H S , Ran L X, Huangfu J T, Zhang X M, Chen K S ,Grzegorczyk TM, Kong J A 2004 Phys. Rev. E 70 057605
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