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Multiphoton ionization of formaldehyde hydrated clusters is studied by time-of-flight mass spectrometry using 5 ns, 355 nm Nd: YAG laser beam with a power intensity of 10111012 W/cm2. The main products including protonated formaldehyde cluster series (CH2O)nH+(n=1-4), deprotonated formaldehyde clusters series (CH2O)nCHO+ (n=1-3, and two series based on molecules originating from H2CO ( the deprotonated and protonated forms ), H3CO+(H2O)n(n=1, 3, 5) and HCO+(H2O)n(n=1,3,5) are observed, and the simple structures are gave for some clusters. The transformation of formaldehyde mass peak is studied in different laser power density conditions. We find the ion peaks of formaldehyde monomer and water molecle ar a laser intensity of about 9.3 1011 W/cm2. Those mass peaks exist in envelope form and cannot be resolved under our experiment condition. The simple dynamic plasma sheath accelerating model is proposed to explain the physical mechanism of the envelope phenomenon.
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Keywords:
- formaldehyde /
- cluster /
- time-of-flight mass spectrum /
- laser ionization
[1] Purnell J, Snyder E M, Wei S, Castleman Jr A W 1994 Chem. Phys. Lett. 229 333339
[2] Lin J Q, Zhang J, Li Y J, Chen L M, Lü T Z, Teng H 2001 Acta Phys. Sin. 50 457 (in Chinese) [林景全, 张杰, 李英骏, 陈黎明, 吕铁铮, 腾浩 2001 50 457]
[3] Gao L R , Ji N, Xiong Z J, Tang X P, Kong F A 2003 Chin. Sci. Bull. 48 1290 (in Chinese) [高丽蓉, 吉娜, 熊轶嘉, 唐晓萍, 孔繁敖 2003 科学通报 48 1290]
[4] Wu C Y, Ren H Z, Liu T T, Ma R, Yang H, Jiang H B, Gong Q H 2002 J. Phys. B At. Mol. Opt. Phys. 35 2575
[5] Kim S K, Pedersen S, Zewail A H 1995 J. Chem. Phys. 103 477
[6] Buzza S A, Snyder E M, Card D A, Folmer D E, Castleman Jr A W 1996 J. Chem. Phys. 105 7425
[7] Buzza S A, Snyder E M, Castleman Jr A W 1996 J. Chem. Phys. 104 5040
[8] Li S H, Wang C, Liu J S, Wang X X, Zhu P P, Li R X, Ni G Q, Xu Z Z 2005 Chin. Phys. 12 215
[9] Zuckerman B, Buhl D, Palmer P, Snyder L E 1970 Astrophys. J. 160 485
[10] Jeffrey G M, Jeremy D, Karl M M, Christian H 2008 Astrophys. J 673 832.
[11] Woon D E 2002 Astrophys. J. 569 541
[12] Bone L I, Garrett M A 1976 J. Phys. Chem. 64 3892
[13] Fukunaga H, Morokuma K 1993 J. Phys. Chem. 97 59
[14] Mihesan C, Lebrun N, Ziskind M, Chazallon B, Focsa C, Destombes J L 2004 Surf. Sci. 566-568 650
[15] Johnston R L 2002 Atomic and Molecular Clusters (London: Taylor and Francis) pp1–81
[16] Kroto H W, Heath J R, O’Brien S C, Curl R F, Smalley R E 1985 Nature 318 162
[17] Posthumus J 2001 Molecules and Clusters in Intense Laser Fields (New York: Cambridge University Press) pp84—112
[18] Liu J H,Wang L P, Xiao Q M, Yao Z, Ding H 2010 Plasma Chem. Plasma Process 30 349
[19] Ditmire T, Donnelly T, Rubenchik A M, Falcone R W, Perry M D 1996 Phys. Rev. A 53 3379
[20] Ma Y Y, Chang W W, Yin Y, Cao L H, Yue Z W 2002 Chin. J. High Pressure Phys. 16 147 (in Chinese) [马燕云, 常文蔚, 银燕, 曹莉华, 岳宗五 2002 高压 16 147]
[21] Wang W G, Li H Y, Niu D M, Wen L H, Zhang N Z 2008 Chem. Phys. 352 111
[22] Niu D M, Li H Y, Wang W G, Xiao X, Luo X L, Zhang N Z, Hou K Y 2008 Mol. Phys. 106 1389
[23] Luo X L, Kong X L, Niu D M, Qu H B, Li H Y 2005 Acta Phys. Sin. 54 606 (in Chinese) [罗晓琳, 孔祥蕾, 牛冬梅, 渠洪波, 李海洋 2005 54 606]
[24] Niu D M, Li H Y, Liang F, Wen L H, Luo X L, Wang B, Hou K Y, Zhang X Y 2005 Chem. Phys. Lett. 403 218
[25] Kong X L, Luo X L, Niu D M, Zhang X Y, Kan R F, Li H Y 2004 Acta Phys. Sin. 53 1340 (in Chinese) [孔祥蕾, 罗晓琳, 牛冬梅, 张先, 阚瑞峰, 李海洋 2004 53 1340]
[26] Xiao X, Li H Y, Luo X L, Niu D M, Wen L H, Wang B, Liang F, Hou K Y, Dong C, Shao S Y 2006 Acta Phys. Sin. 55 661 (in Chinese) [肖雪, 李海洋, 罗晓琳, 牛冬梅, 温丽华, 王宾, 梁峰, 侯可勇, 董璨, 邵士勇 2006 55 661]
[27] McLaughlin W L, Dong C Y, Soares C G, Miller A, van Dyk G, Lewis D F 1991 Nucl. Instr. Meth. A 302 165
[28] Cartwright B G, Shirk E K, Price P B 1978 Nucl. Instr. Meth. 315 457
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[1] Purnell J, Snyder E M, Wei S, Castleman Jr A W 1994 Chem. Phys. Lett. 229 333339
[2] Lin J Q, Zhang J, Li Y J, Chen L M, Lü T Z, Teng H 2001 Acta Phys. Sin. 50 457 (in Chinese) [林景全, 张杰, 李英骏, 陈黎明, 吕铁铮, 腾浩 2001 50 457]
[3] Gao L R , Ji N, Xiong Z J, Tang X P, Kong F A 2003 Chin. Sci. Bull. 48 1290 (in Chinese) [高丽蓉, 吉娜, 熊轶嘉, 唐晓萍, 孔繁敖 2003 科学通报 48 1290]
[4] Wu C Y, Ren H Z, Liu T T, Ma R, Yang H, Jiang H B, Gong Q H 2002 J. Phys. B At. Mol. Opt. Phys. 35 2575
[5] Kim S K, Pedersen S, Zewail A H 1995 J. Chem. Phys. 103 477
[6] Buzza S A, Snyder E M, Card D A, Folmer D E, Castleman Jr A W 1996 J. Chem. Phys. 105 7425
[7] Buzza S A, Snyder E M, Castleman Jr A W 1996 J. Chem. Phys. 104 5040
[8] Li S H, Wang C, Liu J S, Wang X X, Zhu P P, Li R X, Ni G Q, Xu Z Z 2005 Chin. Phys. 12 215
[9] Zuckerman B, Buhl D, Palmer P, Snyder L E 1970 Astrophys. J. 160 485
[10] Jeffrey G M, Jeremy D, Karl M M, Christian H 2008 Astrophys. J 673 832.
[11] Woon D E 2002 Astrophys. J. 569 541
[12] Bone L I, Garrett M A 1976 J. Phys. Chem. 64 3892
[13] Fukunaga H, Morokuma K 1993 J. Phys. Chem. 97 59
[14] Mihesan C, Lebrun N, Ziskind M, Chazallon B, Focsa C, Destombes J L 2004 Surf. Sci. 566-568 650
[15] Johnston R L 2002 Atomic and Molecular Clusters (London: Taylor and Francis) pp1–81
[16] Kroto H W, Heath J R, O’Brien S C, Curl R F, Smalley R E 1985 Nature 318 162
[17] Posthumus J 2001 Molecules and Clusters in Intense Laser Fields (New York: Cambridge University Press) pp84—112
[18] Liu J H,Wang L P, Xiao Q M, Yao Z, Ding H 2010 Plasma Chem. Plasma Process 30 349
[19] Ditmire T, Donnelly T, Rubenchik A M, Falcone R W, Perry M D 1996 Phys. Rev. A 53 3379
[20] Ma Y Y, Chang W W, Yin Y, Cao L H, Yue Z W 2002 Chin. J. High Pressure Phys. 16 147 (in Chinese) [马燕云, 常文蔚, 银燕, 曹莉华, 岳宗五 2002 高压 16 147]
[21] Wang W G, Li H Y, Niu D M, Wen L H, Zhang N Z 2008 Chem. Phys. 352 111
[22] Niu D M, Li H Y, Wang W G, Xiao X, Luo X L, Zhang N Z, Hou K Y 2008 Mol. Phys. 106 1389
[23] Luo X L, Kong X L, Niu D M, Qu H B, Li H Y 2005 Acta Phys. Sin. 54 606 (in Chinese) [罗晓琳, 孔祥蕾, 牛冬梅, 渠洪波, 李海洋 2005 54 606]
[24] Niu D M, Li H Y, Liang F, Wen L H, Luo X L, Wang B, Hou K Y, Zhang X Y 2005 Chem. Phys. Lett. 403 218
[25] Kong X L, Luo X L, Niu D M, Zhang X Y, Kan R F, Li H Y 2004 Acta Phys. Sin. 53 1340 (in Chinese) [孔祥蕾, 罗晓琳, 牛冬梅, 张先, 阚瑞峰, 李海洋 2004 53 1340]
[26] Xiao X, Li H Y, Luo X L, Niu D M, Wen L H, Wang B, Liang F, Hou K Y, Dong C, Shao S Y 2006 Acta Phys. Sin. 55 661 (in Chinese) [肖雪, 李海洋, 罗晓琳, 牛冬梅, 温丽华, 王宾, 梁峰, 侯可勇, 董璨, 邵士勇 2006 55 661]
[27] McLaughlin W L, Dong C Y, Soares C G, Miller A, van Dyk G, Lewis D F 1991 Nucl. Instr. Meth. A 302 165
[28] Cartwright B G, Shirk E K, Price P B 1978 Nucl. Instr. Meth. 315 457
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