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Firstly, we investigate the impact of cross-equatorial Somali low-level jet on the atmospheric circulation in the east of Tibet Plateau using lattice Boltzmann model simulation. Secondly, we study the relationship between thermal conditions on the bottom boundary and the formation of Somali jet based on Biot-Savart law using the data from National Centres for Environmental Prediction (NCEP). As the radiation from the Sun gradually moves from the southern meridian, the temperature on the ground surface of Somali Peninsular and Arabic Peninsular gradually increases. During the same period the surface temperature of the Northern Indian Ocean increases much slower. It is shown that this increase in the temperature difference between the land and sea is inductive to the formation and development of Rayleigh-Benard convection and leads to the increasing relative vorticity strength between positive and negative vertical vortices over the land and sea. According to Biot-Savart law, the increase in vorticity strength will induce correspondingly a large horizontal velocity. The pair of positive and negative vorticity fields over the two Peninsulars and the sea surface is effective in forming and maintaining this current. This mechanism is referred to as "Somali suction pump". It draws air continually from the Southern hemisphere and releases it at the coastal area of Somali.
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Keywords:
- Somali low-level jet /
- Biot-Svart law /
- Somali suction pump
[1] Li X Z 1955 Modern Scientific Work in China—Meteorology (1919—1949) (Beijing: science press)p35 (in Chinese) [李宪之 1955 中国近代科学论著——气象学(1919—1949) (北京:科学出版社)第35页]
[2] Zeng Q C, Li J P 2002 Chinese Journal of Atmospheric Science 26 433 (in Chinese)[曾庆存、李建平 2002 大气科学 26 433]
[3] Bunker A F 1965 Proceedings of the Symposium on Meteorological Results of the International Indian Ocean Expedition (New Delhi: India Meteorological Department) p3
[4] Findlater J 1966 Met. Mug. 95 353
[5] Findlater J 1969 Q. J. Roy. Meteoro. Soc. 95 91
[6] Cadet D, Reverdin G 1981 Tellus 33 476
[7] Cadet D,Reverdin G 1981 Monthly Weather Review 109 148
[8] Bannon P R 1979 J. Atmos. Sci. 36 2139
[9] Bannon P R 1982 J. Atmos. Sci. 39 2267
[10] Li C Y, Wu J B 2002 Chinese Journal of Atmospheric Science 26 185 (in Chinese)[李崇银、吴静波 2002 大气科学 26 185]
[11] Xu X D, Zhao T L, He J H, Zhu Q G 1993 Chinese Journal of Atmospheric Science 17 641 (in Chinese) [徐祥德、赵天良、何金海、朱乾根 1993 大气科学 17 641]
[12] Qian Y F, Wang Q Q, Dong Y P, Gong Y F 1987 Chinese Journal of Atmospheric Science 11 176 (in Chinese)[钱永甫、王谦谦、董一平、巩远发1987 大气科学 11 176]
[13] Yi Y H, Qian Y F, Luo S W 1989 Journal of Tropical Meteorology 5 205 (in Chinese)[依育红、钱永甫、罗四维 1989 热带气象 5 205]
[14] Feng S D, Dong P, Zhong L H 2008 Chin. Phys. Lett. 25 4321
[15] Feng S D, Zhang Q, Ren R C 2001 Acta Phys. Sin. 50 1207(in Chinese)[冯士德、张 琼、任荣彩 2001 50 1207]
[16] Feng S D, Zhong L H, Gao S T, Dong P 2007 Acta Phys. Sin. 56 1238(in Chinese)[冯士德、钟霖浩、高守亭、 Dong Ping 2007 56 1238]
[17] Holton J R 1979 An Introduction to Dynamic Meteorology (London:Academic Press) p92
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[1] Li X Z 1955 Modern Scientific Work in China—Meteorology (1919—1949) (Beijing: science press)p35 (in Chinese) [李宪之 1955 中国近代科学论著——气象学(1919—1949) (北京:科学出版社)第35页]
[2] Zeng Q C, Li J P 2002 Chinese Journal of Atmospheric Science 26 433 (in Chinese)[曾庆存、李建平 2002 大气科学 26 433]
[3] Bunker A F 1965 Proceedings of the Symposium on Meteorological Results of the International Indian Ocean Expedition (New Delhi: India Meteorological Department) p3
[4] Findlater J 1966 Met. Mug. 95 353
[5] Findlater J 1969 Q. J. Roy. Meteoro. Soc. 95 91
[6] Cadet D, Reverdin G 1981 Tellus 33 476
[7] Cadet D,Reverdin G 1981 Monthly Weather Review 109 148
[8] Bannon P R 1979 J. Atmos. Sci. 36 2139
[9] Bannon P R 1982 J. Atmos. Sci. 39 2267
[10] Li C Y, Wu J B 2002 Chinese Journal of Atmospheric Science 26 185 (in Chinese)[李崇银、吴静波 2002 大气科学 26 185]
[11] Xu X D, Zhao T L, He J H, Zhu Q G 1993 Chinese Journal of Atmospheric Science 17 641 (in Chinese) [徐祥德、赵天良、何金海、朱乾根 1993 大气科学 17 641]
[12] Qian Y F, Wang Q Q, Dong Y P, Gong Y F 1987 Chinese Journal of Atmospheric Science 11 176 (in Chinese)[钱永甫、王谦谦、董一平、巩远发1987 大气科学 11 176]
[13] Yi Y H, Qian Y F, Luo S W 1989 Journal of Tropical Meteorology 5 205 (in Chinese)[依育红、钱永甫、罗四维 1989 热带气象 5 205]
[14] Feng S D, Dong P, Zhong L H 2008 Chin. Phys. Lett. 25 4321
[15] Feng S D, Zhang Q, Ren R C 2001 Acta Phys. Sin. 50 1207(in Chinese)[冯士德、张 琼、任荣彩 2001 50 1207]
[16] Feng S D, Zhong L H, Gao S T, Dong P 2007 Acta Phys. Sin. 56 1238(in Chinese)[冯士德、钟霖浩、高守亭、 Dong Ping 2007 56 1238]
[17] Holton J R 1979 An Introduction to Dynamic Meteorology (London:Academic Press) p92
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