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为满足航天器热管理材料对高导热和高储/释热性能的双重需求，本文采用热压成型工艺制备了一种多维碳基导热增强微胶囊相变复合材料，以解决传统相变材料热导率低和液态泄漏的问题。基于实验测试和有限元数值模拟，系统研究了不同组分的含量与配比对相变复合材料热性能的影响机理，揭示了材料内部多维导热网络的形成机制。结果表明，采用多维导热材料协同掺杂与多尺度鳞片石墨复合填充策略，构建了兼具连通性和致密性的多维碳基导热网络，其产生的协同导热增强效应显著提升了微胶囊相变复合材料的热导率（1.021 W·m-1·K-1），同时保持了高储热性能（81.540 J·g-1），为航天器热管理材料的设计和应用提供了支撑。To meet the requirements of both high thermal conductivity and substantial latent heat storage and release in spacecraft thermal management materials, this study employs a hot-pressing technique to fabricate a multidimensional carbon-based, thermally enhanced microencapsulated phase change composite. This approach addresses the limitations of conventional phase change materials, which exhibit low thermal conductivity and a propensity for liquid leakage. By integrating experimental assessments with finite element numerical simulations, we systematically investigated the effects of varying contents and ratios of microencapsulated phase change materials, flake graphite, and pitch-based carbon fibers on the composite’s thermal properties, specifically thermal conductivity and latent heat. Furthermore, the formation mechanism of the internal multidimensional thermal conduction network was elucidated.
The results indicate that introducing multidimensional thermally conductive materials into the microencapsulated phase change system, coupled with the optimization of component composition and structure, can establish a continuous and dense multidimensional carbon-based conduction network. Leveraging the synergistic effects of these conductive materials and employing a multi-size flake graphite filling strategy significantly enhanced the overall thermal conductivity of the composite, reaching 1.021 W·m-1·K-1, while maintaining a high latent heat of 81.540 J·g-1. These findings provide theoretical and practical guidance for the optimization and application of advanced thermal management materials in spacecrafts.-
Keywords:
- spacecraft thermal management /
- microcapsule phase change composite materials /
- multidimensional carbon-based network /
- synergistic thermal enhancement
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