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研发了一套适合深海原位测量的4000 m级激光多普勒热液流速测量样机, 该系统采用一体化整体集成式设计, 系统由光源模块、光学模块和多普勒信号处理模块三部分组成, 封装于L 500 mm × Φ 205 mm的耐压舱中形成一体化光学测量探头. 提出了强本振型双光束激光多普勒测速光路, 原理样机在实验室对模拟速度进行测量, 测量范围0.01—10 m/s, 流速测量分辨率为0.001 m/s, 实验结果初步证明激光多普勒测速系统的可行性. 之后系统在青岛深海基地进行了耐压试验, 系统在40 MPa高压下, 获取信号正常. 在中国水利水电科学研究院进行了速度对比测量, 在0.01—0.2 m/s的低速段, 与声学多普勒流速仪进行对比, 最大测量相对误差为–9.43%. 在0.8—9.6 m/s的高速段, 与喷咀标准流速系统进行对比, 最大相对测量误差为–1.65%. 样机系统在海南陵水进行了浅海试验, 测试了样机系统随吊车下放到50 m水深的下降速度和在水深2 m处随船的拖拽速度, 试验证明, 样机系统在浅海环境中工作正常, 获取速度信号正常.A set of 4000-meter laser Doppler hydrothermal velocity measurement prototype suitable for deep sea in-situ measurement is developed in this work. In the system, an integrated design is adopted. The system is composed of a light source module, an optical module, and a Doppler signal processing module. The system is encapsulated in a pressure chamber with L500 mm × Φ205 mm to form an integrated optical measuring probe. An optical path of two-beam laser Doppler velocity measurement with strong local oscillator is proposed. The prototype is used to measure the simulated velocity in the laboratory. The measurement range is 0.01–10 m/s, and the flow velocity measurement resolution is 0.001 m/s. The experimental results preliminarily prove the feasibility of the laser Doppler velocity measurement system. After that, a withstanding voltage test on the system is conducted at the Qingdao Deep Sea Base, and the system obtains a normal signal under a high pressure of 40 MPa. A speed comparison measurement is carried out at the China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research. In a low speed range from 0.01 m/s to 0.2 m/s, comparing with the acoustic Doppler velocity meter, the maximum measurement relative error is –9.43%. In a high speed range from 0.8 m/s to 9.6 m/s, comparing with the nozzle standard flow rate system, the maximum relative measurement error is –1.65%. The prototype system is tested in a shallow sea in Lingshui, Hainan. The sinking speed of the prototype system that sinks together with a crane down to a water depth of 50 m, and the towing speed of the system together with the ship at a depth of 2 m are tested. The test proves that the prototype system works normally in a shallow sea environment.
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Keywords:
- laser Doppler velocimetry /
- in situ detection /
- hydrothermal vents
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图 1 激光多普勒深海原位热液流速测量系统结构示意图
Fig. 1. Structure diagram of laser Doppler in situ hydrothermal velocity measurement system.
图 2 强本振型激光多普勒测速系统光路图
Fig. 2. Optical path diagram of laser Doppler velocimetry system.
图 3 强本振型测速系统接收光路示意图
Fig. 3. Schematic diagram of receiving optical path of velocimeter.
图 4 速度与转盘旋转频率间的关系
Fig. 4. Relationship between speed and turntable rotation frequency.
图 5 激光多普勒深海热液流速测量系统与超声波流速仪对比测试 (a)低流速对比设备安装图; (b)低流速对比测试结果及误差
Fig. 5. Comparison test of laser Doppler velocimetry system and acoustic Doppler velocimeter: (a) Equipment installation diagram of low-speed comparison; (b) low-speed comparison test results and errors.
图 6 激光多普勒深海热液流速测量系统与标准喷咀流速系统对比测试 (a)高速对比设备安装图; (b)高流速对比测试结果及误差
Fig. 6. Comparison test of laser Doppler velocimetry system and standard nozzle flow system: (a) Equipment installation diagram of high-speed comparison; (b) high-speed comparison test results and errors.
图 7 浅海试验中, LDV与ADV所测拖拽速度对比图
Fig. 7. Comparison of towing speed measured by LDV and ADV in shallow sea test.
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[1] 栾锡武, 赵一阳, 秦蕴珊, 初凤友 2002 海洋学报 24 59
Google Scholar
Luan X W, Zhao Y Y, Qin Y S, Chu F Y 2002 Acta Oceanol. Sin. 24 59
Google Scholar
[2] 张鑫 2009 博士学位论文 (青岛: 中国海洋大学)
Zhang X 2009 Ph. D. Dissertation (Qingdao: Ocean University of China) (in Chinese)
[3] 杜增丰, 张鑫, 郑荣儿 2020 大气与环境光学学报 15 2
Google Scholar
Du Z F, Zhang X, Zheng R E 2020 J. Atmosph. Environ. Opt. 15 2
Google Scholar
[4] 范慧琳, 唐德红 2019 仪表技术与传感器 2 51
Google Scholar
Fan H L, Tang D H 2019 Instrum. Tech. Sens. 2 51
Google Scholar
[5] 吴虎彪, 邹志军, 黄晨, 王非, 李浩, 王重超 2009 上海市制冷学会2009年学术年会 中国上海, 2009年12月18日 第4页
Wu H B, Zou Z J, Huang C, Wang F, Li H, Wang C C 2009 Shanghai Institute of Refrigeration 2009 Annual Conference Shanghai, China, December 18, 2009 p4
[6] 张俊 2012 硕士学位论文 (太原: 中北大学)
Zhang J 2012 M. S. Thesis (Taiyuan: North University of China) (in Chinese)
[7] LeDuff A, Plantier G, Valiere J C, Bosch T 2004 IEEE SENS. J. 4 257
Google Scholar
[8] Saltzman A J, Lowe K T, Ng W F 2020 Meas. Sci. Technol. 31 095302
Google Scholar
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Google Scholar
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Google Scholar
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Google Scholar
[12] Castellini P, Martarelli M, Tomasini E P 2006 Mech. Syst. Signal Process 20 1265
Google Scholar
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Google Scholar
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Google Scholar
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Google Scholar
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Google Scholar
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Google Scholar
[18] Maru K, Katsumi S, Matsuda R 2017 Rev. Sci. Instrum. 88 045001
Google Scholar
[19] Lawson 2004 Proc. Instn Mech. Engrs. 218 33
Google Scholar
[20] 吴嘉 2005 计测技术 25 1
Google Scholar
Wu J 2005 Metrol. Meas. Technol. 25 1
Google Scholar
[21] 邓锴 2019 海洋信息 34 8
Google Scholar
Deng K 2019 Mar. Info. 34 8
Google Scholar
[22] 张同伟, 秦升杰, 唐嘉陵, 王向鑫, 李正光 2019 舰船电子工程 39 142
Google Scholar
Zhang T W, Qing S J, Tang J L, Wang X X, Li Z G 2019 Ship Electro. Eng. 39 142
Google Scholar
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