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为得出Buck变换器的输出本质安全判据, 基于安全火花试验装置, 对其输出短路火花放电特性进行了试验研究, 发现其放电过程可分为介质击穿、火花产生、火花维持和火花熄灭四个阶段.基于得出的火花放电特性, 对其输出短路火花放电能量进行了深入分析, 指出对于给定电感的Buck变换器, 当负载电阻 RL小于给定电感对应的临界电阻RLC时, 火花放电能量是关于RL的凹函数; 而在RL > RLC时, 是关于RL的凸函数.考虑到实际的参数取值范围, 进一步指出: RL RLC时的火花放电能量随RL的增加而增大, 且在RL=RLC时达到最大值; 而在RL > RLC时, 则随着RL的增加, 先增大后减小, 在增加到特征电阻RL, DCM时达到最大值. 得出了变换器在全动态范围内的最危险工况: 变换器在输入电压最高及负载电阻等于RL, DCM 时工作于DCM, 此时, 短路火花放电能量达到最大值.基于能量等效, 提出了可模拟变换器输出短路放电特性的等效简单电容电路及输出本质安全判据, 仿真和试验结果验证了理论分析及所提出判据的正确性和可行性.To obtain the output intrinsic safety criterion of Buck converters, the experimental research on its output-short circuit discharge characteristics is conducted by using the safety spark test apparatus. It is found that its spark discharge process can be divided into four stages, i.e., the dielectric-breakdown, spark-generation, spark-keeping and spark-extinguishment. According to the obtained spark discharge characteristics, the output short-circuit spark discharging energy (OSSDE) is deeply analyzed. It is indicated that the OSSDE of the Buck converter with a given inductance is a concave function of load resistance RL when RL is less than the critical resistance RLC corresponding to this inductance, while that is a convex function of RL in the case of RL > RLC. Considering the actual parameter range of the Buck converter, it is further pointed out that when RL RLC, the OSSDE increases with the increase of RL and reaches its maximum in the case of RL=RLC; when RL > RLC, the OSSDE first increases and then decreases with the increase of RL and reaches its maximum in the case of RL, DCM. The most dangerous operating conditions of the converter in whole dynamic range are obtained, i.e., the converter operates in DCM when the input voltage is the highest and RL=RL, DCM. Meanwhile, the maximum OSSDE is achieved. According to the energy equivalence, an output intrinsic safety criterion for Buck converter is proposed by modeling the output short-circuit discharging behaviour as a simple capacitive circuit. The theoretical analysis and proposed criterion are verified by the simulation and experimental results.
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Keywords:
- Buck converters /
- intrinsic safety /
- short-circuit spark discharging energy /
- output-intrinsic safety criterion
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[2] Liu S L 2007 Ph. D. Dissertation (Xi’an: Xi’an University of Science and Technology) (in Chinese) [刘树林2007博士学位论文 (西安: 西安科技大学)]
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[17] Zhou G H, Xu J P, Bao B C, Wang J P, Jin Y Y 2011 Acta Phys. Sin. 60 010503 (in Chinese) [周国华, 许建平, 包伯成, 王金平, 金艳艳2011 60 010503]
[18] Zhang X, Bao B C, Wang J P, Ma Z H, Xu J P 2012 Acta Phys. Sin. 61 160503 (in Chinese) [张希, 包伯成, 王金平, 马正华, 许建平2012 61 160503]
[19] Liu J, Liu S L, Yang Y L, Zhang Y M 2005 Proceedings of the CSEE 25 52 (in Chinese) [刘健, 刘树林, 杨银玲, 张燕美2005中国电机工程学报 25 52]
[20] Cheng H, Li H Q, Wang C 2012 J. China Coal Soc. 37 506 (in Chinese) [程红, 李鹤群, 王聪2012煤炭学报 37 506]
[21] Liu S L, Liu J, Cheng H L, Zhong J M 2008 China Patent ZL 200510043096.0 [2008-01-09]
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[1] Hohenstein D 2001 Control Solutions 74 42
[2] Liu S L 2007 Ph. D. Dissertation (Xi’an: Xi’an University of Science and Technology) (in Chinese) [刘树林2007博士学位论文 (西安: 西安科技大学)]
[3] Li J B, Xie K, Cheng R J 2011 Coal Sci. Tech. 39 75 (in Chinese) [黎剑兵, 谢楷, 程仁杰2011炭科学技术 39 75]
[4] Tong Q, Zhang D L, Xu D G 2009 Power Electron. 43 45 (in Chinese) [佟强, 张东来, 徐殿国2009电力电子技术 43 45]
[5] Liu S L, Liu J, Zhong J M 2008 Proceedings of the CSEE 28 60 (in Chinese) [刘树林, 刘健, 钟久明2008中国电机工程学报 28 60]
[6] Liu S L, Liu J, Hong M, Zhang Y Q 2008 IEEE Trans. Power Electron. 23 1813
[7] SAC/TC9, China Quality Press 2012 The National Explosion-Proof Electrical Standards (No.1) (Beijing: China Standard Press) (in Chinese) [全国防爆电气设备标准化技术委员会, 中国质检出版社2012防爆电气国家标准汇编(一) (北京: 中国标准出版社)]
[8] Eckhoff P K 2002 J. Loss Prevent. Proc. Industries 305
[9] Meng Q H 1999 Ph. D. Dissertation (Beijing: China University of Mininng and Technology) (in Chinese) [孟庆海1999博士学位论文 (北京: 中国矿业大学)]
[10] Liu S L, Liu J 2008 J. China Coal Soc. 33 707 (in Chinese) [刘树林, 刘健2008煤炭学报 33 707]
[11] Liu S L, Liu J, Li Y 2008 J. Coal Sci. Engineer. 14 485
[12] Yang R, Zhang B 2007 Acta Phys. Sin. 56 3789 (in Chinese) [杨汝, 张波 2007 56 3789]
[13] Xie F, Yang R, Zhang B 2010 Acta Phys. Sin. 59 8393 (in Chinese) [谢帆, 杨汝, 张波 2010 59 8393]
[14] Lu W G, Zhou L W, Luo Q M 2007 Acta Phys. Sin. 56 5648 (in Chinese) [卢伟国, 周雒维, 罗全明 2007 56 5648]
[15] Sha J, Bao B C, Xu J P, Gao Y 2012 Acta Phys. Sin. 61 120501 (in Chinese) [沙金, 包伯成, 许建平, 高玉 2012 61 120501]
[16] Wang F Q, Zhang H, Ma X K 2008 Acta Phys. Sin. 57 2842 (in Chinese) [王发强, 张浩, 马西奎2008 57 2842]
[17] Zhou G H, Xu J P, Bao B C, Wang J P, Jin Y Y 2011 Acta Phys. Sin. 60 010503 (in Chinese) [周国华, 许建平, 包伯成, 王金平, 金艳艳2011 60 010503]
[18] Zhang X, Bao B C, Wang J P, Ma Z H, Xu J P 2012 Acta Phys. Sin. 61 160503 (in Chinese) [张希, 包伯成, 王金平, 马正华, 许建平2012 61 160503]
[19] Liu J, Liu S L, Yang Y L, Zhang Y M 2005 Proceedings of the CSEE 25 52 (in Chinese) [刘健, 刘树林, 杨银玲, 张燕美2005中国电机工程学报 25 52]
[20] Cheng H, Li H Q, Wang C 2012 J. China Coal Soc. 37 506 (in Chinese) [程红, 李鹤群, 王聪2012煤炭学报 37 506]
[21] Liu S L, Liu J, Cheng H L, Zhong J M 2008 China Patent ZL 200510043096.0 [2008-01-09]
[22] Liu S L, Zhong J M, Fan W B, Zhan M 2012 J. China Coal Soc. 37 2123 (in Chinese) [刘树林, 钟久明, 樊文斌, 战美2012煤炭学报 37 2123]
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