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采用加权函数修正的差分光学吸收光谱技术(weighting function modified differential optical absorption spectroscopy, WFM-DOAS)测量环境大气中的CO2垂直柱浓度. 以直射太阳光测量光谱为例, 演示了WFM-DOAS算法的实现过程. 将环境大气分为50层, 借助辐射传输模拟软件SCIATRAN对各个测量光谱进行了模拟计算, 获得了最小二乘法拟合所需的目标气体CO2及干扰气体H2O、CH4 的柱权重函数和太阳归一化光谱常量. 采用WFM-DOAS方法对一整天的直射太阳光测量光谱进行了反演, 得到的反演误差均小于3%. 最后比较了两种不同DOAS算法对同一条测量光谱的反演结果, 验证了WFM-DOAS算法在红外被动气体遥感的优越性.In this paper, we demonstrate a method of atmospheric CO2 vertical column density (VCD) retrieval by using weighting function modified differential optical absorption spectroscopy (WFM-DOAS). Direct sun measurement serves as an example for WFM-DOAS fitting. The atmosphere is divided into 50 layers in the process of WFM-DOAS retrieval, while the simulated sun-normalized radiance and the total weighting functions (CO2, H2O and CH4) for each measurement are computed in terms of the radiative transfer model (RTM) SCIATRAN by using the HITRAN data base and the solar spectrum from Livingston and Wallace (1991). The CO2 vertical column density time series were obtained by utilizing WFM-DOAS fitting method to all direct sun measurement spectra. Fitting errors are all less than 3%. Fitting results for two different DOAS algorithms are compared with each other. It is indicated that the WFM-DOAS technique has the potential of being applied in passive gas remote sensing in the infrared region.
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Keywords:
- environmental pollution Measurements /
- optical measurement techniques /
- infrared spectrum /
- greenhouse gas
[1] Shindell D T, Faluvegi G, Koch D M, Schmidt G A, Unger N, Bauer S E 2009 Science 326 716
[2] Gerilowski K, Tretner A, Krings T, Buchwitz M, Bertagnolio P P, Belemezov F, Erzinger J, Burrows J P, Bovensmann H 2011 Atmos. Meas. Tech. 4 215
[3] Krings T, Gerilowski K, Buchwitz M, Reuter M, Tretner A, Erzinger J, Heinze D, Burrows J P, Bovensmann H 2011 Atmos. Meas. Tech. 4 2207
[4] Buchwitz M, Rozanov V V, Burrows J P 2000 J. Geophys. Res. 105 15231
[5] Bovensmann H, Burrows J P, Buchwitz M, Frerick J, Noel S, Rozanov V V, Chance K V and Goede A P H 1999 J. Atmos. Sci. 56 127
[6] Platt U, Perner D, Patz H 1979 J. Geophys. Res. 84 6329
[7] Si F Q, Xie P H, Dou K, Zhan K, Liu Y, Xu J, Liu W Q 2010 Acta Phys. Sin. 59 2867 (in Chinese) [司福祺, 谢品华, 窦科, 詹铠, 刘宇, 徐晋, 刘文清 2010 59 2867]
[8] Hao N, Zhou B, Chen L M 2006 Acta Phys. Sin. 55 1529 (in Chinese) [郝楠, 周斌, 陈立民 2006 55 1529]
[9] Xu J, Xie P H, Si F Q, Li A, Liu W Q 2012 Acta Phys. Sin. 61 024204 (in Chinese) [徐晋, 谢品华, 司福祺, 李昂, 刘文清 2012 61 024204]
[10] Zhou B, Liu W Q, Qi F, Li Z B, Chui YJ 2001 Acta Phys. Sin. 50 1818 (in Chinese) [周斌, 刘文清, 齐峰, 李振壁, 崔延军 2001 50 1818]
[11] Sun Y W, Liu W Q, Xie P H, Chan K L, Zeng Y, Xu J, Li A, Si F Q, Li X X 2012 Acta Phys. Sin. 61 140705 (in Chinese) [孙友文, 刘文清, 谢品华, 陈嘉乐, 曾议, 徐晋, 李昂, 司福祺, 李先欣 2012 61 140705]
[12] Sun Y W, Liu W Q, Wang S M, Huang S H, Zeng Y, Xie P H, Chen J, Wang Y P, Si F Q 2012 Acta Phys. Sin. 61 140704 (in Chinese) [孙友文, 刘文清, 汪世美, 黄书华, 曾议, 谢品华, 陈军, 王亚萍, 司福祺 2012 61 140705]
[13] Burrows J P, Holzle E, Goede A P H, Visser H and Fricke W 1995 Acta Astronaut 35 445
[14] Gloudemans A M S, Krol M C, Meirink J F, Laat A T J, Werf G R, Schrijver H, Broek M M P, Aben I 2006 Geophys. Res. Lett. 33 L16807
[15] Frankenberg C, Platt U, Wagner T 2005 Atmos. Chem. Phys. 5 9
[16] Buchwitz M, Beek R, Bramstedt K, Noel S, Bovensmann H, Burrows J P 2004 Atmos. Chem. Phys. 4 1945
[17] Krijger J M, Van W M, Aben I, Frey R 2007 Atmos. Chem. Phys. 7 2881
[18] Perliski L M, Solomon S 1993 J. Geophys. Res. Atmos. 98 10363
[19] Wagner T, Burrows J P, Deutschmann T, Dix B, Friedeburg C, Frieß U, Hendrick F, Heue K P, Irie H, Iwabuchi H, Kanaya Y, Keller J, McLinden C A, Oetjen H, Palazzi E, Petritoli A, Platt U, Postylyakovo O, Pukite J, Richter A, van Roozendael M, Rozanov A, Rozanov V, Sinreich R, Sanghavi S, Wittrock F 2007 Atmos. Chem. Phys. 7 1809
[20] Shi P, Xie P H, Li A, Jiang Y, Wu F C, Qin M 2010 Acta Optica Sinica 30 3643 (in Chinese) [石鹏, 谢品华, 李昂, 江宇, 吴丰成, 秦敏 2010 光学学报 30 3643]
[21] Wang Y, Xie P H, Li A, Xu J, Zeng Y, Si F Q, Wu F C 2012 Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis 32 893 (in Chinese) [王杨, 谢品华, 李昂, 徐晋, 曾议, 司福祺, 吴丰成 2012 光谱学与光谱分析 32 893]
[22] Sun Y W, Liu W Q, Wang S M, Huang S H 2011 Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis 10 31 (in Chinese) [孙友文, 刘文清, 汪世美, 黄书华 2011 光谱学与光谱分析 10 31]
[23] Rothman L S, Jaquemart D, Barbe A 2005 Journal of Quantive Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer 96 139
[24] Rozanov A, Rozanov V, Buchwitz M, Kokhanovsky A, Burrows J P 2005 Advances in Space Research 36 1015
[25] Liu C, Beirle S, Butler T, Wagner T, Platt U 2011 Atmos. Chem. Phys. 11 6083
[26] Herman J R, Cede A, Spine E 2009 J. Geophys. Res. 113(D16) 20
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[1] Shindell D T, Faluvegi G, Koch D M, Schmidt G A, Unger N, Bauer S E 2009 Science 326 716
[2] Gerilowski K, Tretner A, Krings T, Buchwitz M, Bertagnolio P P, Belemezov F, Erzinger J, Burrows J P, Bovensmann H 2011 Atmos. Meas. Tech. 4 215
[3] Krings T, Gerilowski K, Buchwitz M, Reuter M, Tretner A, Erzinger J, Heinze D, Burrows J P, Bovensmann H 2011 Atmos. Meas. Tech. 4 2207
[4] Buchwitz M, Rozanov V V, Burrows J P 2000 J. Geophys. Res. 105 15231
[5] Bovensmann H, Burrows J P, Buchwitz M, Frerick J, Noel S, Rozanov V V, Chance K V and Goede A P H 1999 J. Atmos. Sci. 56 127
[6] Platt U, Perner D, Patz H 1979 J. Geophys. Res. 84 6329
[7] Si F Q, Xie P H, Dou K, Zhan K, Liu Y, Xu J, Liu W Q 2010 Acta Phys. Sin. 59 2867 (in Chinese) [司福祺, 谢品华, 窦科, 詹铠, 刘宇, 徐晋, 刘文清 2010 59 2867]
[8] Hao N, Zhou B, Chen L M 2006 Acta Phys. Sin. 55 1529 (in Chinese) [郝楠, 周斌, 陈立民 2006 55 1529]
[9] Xu J, Xie P H, Si F Q, Li A, Liu W Q 2012 Acta Phys. Sin. 61 024204 (in Chinese) [徐晋, 谢品华, 司福祺, 李昂, 刘文清 2012 61 024204]
[10] Zhou B, Liu W Q, Qi F, Li Z B, Chui YJ 2001 Acta Phys. Sin. 50 1818 (in Chinese) [周斌, 刘文清, 齐峰, 李振壁, 崔延军 2001 50 1818]
[11] Sun Y W, Liu W Q, Xie P H, Chan K L, Zeng Y, Xu J, Li A, Si F Q, Li X X 2012 Acta Phys. Sin. 61 140705 (in Chinese) [孙友文, 刘文清, 谢品华, 陈嘉乐, 曾议, 徐晋, 李昂, 司福祺, 李先欣 2012 61 140705]
[12] Sun Y W, Liu W Q, Wang S M, Huang S H, Zeng Y, Xie P H, Chen J, Wang Y P, Si F Q 2012 Acta Phys. Sin. 61 140704 (in Chinese) [孙友文, 刘文清, 汪世美, 黄书华, 曾议, 谢品华, 陈军, 王亚萍, 司福祺 2012 61 140705]
[13] Burrows J P, Holzle E, Goede A P H, Visser H and Fricke W 1995 Acta Astronaut 35 445
[14] Gloudemans A M S, Krol M C, Meirink J F, Laat A T J, Werf G R, Schrijver H, Broek M M P, Aben I 2006 Geophys. Res. Lett. 33 L16807
[15] Frankenberg C, Platt U, Wagner T 2005 Atmos. Chem. Phys. 5 9
[16] Buchwitz M, Beek R, Bramstedt K, Noel S, Bovensmann H, Burrows J P 2004 Atmos. Chem. Phys. 4 1945
[17] Krijger J M, Van W M, Aben I, Frey R 2007 Atmos. Chem. Phys. 7 2881
[18] Perliski L M, Solomon S 1993 J. Geophys. Res. Atmos. 98 10363
[19] Wagner T, Burrows J P, Deutschmann T, Dix B, Friedeburg C, Frieß U, Hendrick F, Heue K P, Irie H, Iwabuchi H, Kanaya Y, Keller J, McLinden C A, Oetjen H, Palazzi E, Petritoli A, Platt U, Postylyakovo O, Pukite J, Richter A, van Roozendael M, Rozanov A, Rozanov V, Sinreich R, Sanghavi S, Wittrock F 2007 Atmos. Chem. Phys. 7 1809
[20] Shi P, Xie P H, Li A, Jiang Y, Wu F C, Qin M 2010 Acta Optica Sinica 30 3643 (in Chinese) [石鹏, 谢品华, 李昂, 江宇, 吴丰成, 秦敏 2010 光学学报 30 3643]
[21] Wang Y, Xie P H, Li A, Xu J, Zeng Y, Si F Q, Wu F C 2012 Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis 32 893 (in Chinese) [王杨, 谢品华, 李昂, 徐晋, 曾议, 司福祺, 吴丰成 2012 光谱学与光谱分析 32 893]
[22] Sun Y W, Liu W Q, Wang S M, Huang S H 2011 Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis 10 31 (in Chinese) [孙友文, 刘文清, 汪世美, 黄书华 2011 光谱学与光谱分析 10 31]
[23] Rothman L S, Jaquemart D, Barbe A 2005 Journal of Quantive Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer 96 139
[24] Rozanov A, Rozanov V, Buchwitz M, Kokhanovsky A, Burrows J P 2005 Advances in Space Research 36 1015
[25] Liu C, Beirle S, Butler T, Wagner T, Platt U 2011 Atmos. Chem. Phys. 11 6083
[26] Herman J R, Cede A, Spine E 2009 J. Geophys. Res. 113(D16) 20
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