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利用被动差分吸收光谱算法反演水体上方尤其是海洋上方的大气痕量气体浓度时, 水体的振动拉曼散射导致对太阳光谱中夫琅禾费线的填充.若不考虑这种类似大气Ring效应的水Ring效应, 会直接影响反演精度. 参考OMI传感器对大气Ring效应校正的卷积算法, 针对痕量气体OClO的反演, 利用经过大气消光计算后的太阳 360–400 nm入射光谱和对应波段的水体后向振动拉曼散射系数,通过卷积差分计算,得到了差分水 Ring效应系数. 与Vasilkov模型计算得到的结果比较,二者的相关系数R 达到0.9665.
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关键词:
- 水Ring效应 /
- 振动拉曼散射 /
- 卷积 /
- 被动差分吸收光谱算法
Inelastic vibrational Raman scattering by liquid water is one significant limitation to the accuracy of the retrieval of trace gas constituents in atmosphere over waters, particularly over clear ocean waters, while using satellite data with differential optical absorption spectroscopy technique (DOAS). The effect which is similar to the Ring effect in atmosphere results in the filling-in of Fraunhofer lines, which is known as solar absorption lines. The inelastic component of the liquid water scattering causes a net increase of radiance in the line because more radiations shift to the wavelength of an absorption line than from this wavelength to other wavelengths. The solar spectrum transmitting atmosphere is convolved with vibrational Raman scattering coefficient of liquid water, divided by the original computed spectrum, with a cubic polynomial subtracted off, to create differential water Ring spectrum. This method is suggested in order to obtain an effective differential water Ring coeffient for the DOAS fitting process, which could be used to improve the accuracy of the retrieval of the trace gases concentration. The method does not rely on radiative transfer model of water, which would be time-consuming and depending on lot of parameters. Therefore, it is very fast and convenient.-
Keywords:
- water Ring effect /
- vibrational Raman scattering /
- convolution /
- DOAS
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[2] Burrows J P, Weber M, Buchwitz M, Rozanov V, Ladstätter-Weiβenmayer A, Richter A, DeBeek R, Hoogen R, Bramstedt K, Eichmann K U, Eisinger M, Perner D 1999 J. Atmos. Sci. 56 151
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[18] Stavn R H, Weidemann A D 1988 Appl. Opt. 27 4002
[19] Marshall B R, Smith R C 1990 Appl. Opt. 29 71
[20] Haltrin V I, Kattawar G W 1993 Appl. Opt. 32 5356
[21] Bartlett J S, Voss K J, Sathyendranath S, Vodacek A 1998 Appl. Opt. 37 3324
[22] Sathyendranath S, Platt T 1998 Appl. Opt. 37 2216
[23] Vasilkov A P, Joiner J, Gleason J, Bhartia P 2002 Geophys. Res. Let. DOI 10.1029/2002GL014955
[24] Vountas M, Richter A, Wittrock F, Burrows J P 2003 Atmos. Chem. Phys. 3 1365
[25] Han D, Chen L F, Su L, Tao J H, Li S S, Yu C, Wang Z F 2010 Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis (in Chinese) [韩冬, 陈良富, 苏林, 陶金花, 李莘莘, 余超, 王子峰 2010光谱学与光谱分析 30 2137]
[26] Han D, Chen L F, Su L, Tao J H, Li S S, Yu C, Zhang Y, He B H 2011 Sci. China Earth Sci. 54 1407
[27] Rozanov A V, Rozanov V V, Buchwitz M, Kokhanovsky A A, Burrows J P 2005 Adv. Space Res. 36 1015
[28] Boersma, K F, Eskes H J, Veefkind J P, Brinksma E J, van Der A R J, Sneep M, van den Oord G H J, Levelt P F, Stammes P, Gleason J F, Bucsela E J 2007 Atm. Chem. Phys. 7 2013
[29] Zhou B, Chen L M, Hao N 2006 Acta Phys. Sin. 55 1529 (in Chinese) [周斌, 陈立民, 郝楠 2006 55 1529]
[30] Qi F, Liu W Q, Zhou B, Li Z B, Cui Y J 2003 Acta Phys. Sin. 52 1307 (in Chinese) [齐锋, 刘文清, 周斌, 李振壁, 崔延军 2003 52 1307]
[31] Vountas M, Dinter T, Bracher A, Burrows J P, Sierk B 2007 Ocean Sci. 3 429
-
[1] Platt U, Perner D, Paetz H 1979 J. Geophys. Res. 84 6329
[2] Burrows J P, Weber M, Buchwitz M, Rozanov V, Ladstätter-Weiβenmayer A, Richter A, DeBeek R, Hoogen R, Bramstedt K, Eichmann K U, Eisinger M, Perner D 1999 J. Atmos. Sci. 56 151
[3] Richter A, Wittrock F, Weber M, Beirle S Khl S, Platt U, Wagner T, Wilms-Grabe W, Burrows J P 2002 J. Atmos. Sci. 62 778
[4] Martin R V, Chance K, Jacob D J J 2002 Geophys. Res. 107 doi:10.1029/2001JD001027
[5] Velders G J M, Granier C, Portmann R W, Pfeilsticker K, Wenig M, Wagner T, Platt U, Richter A, Burrows J P 2001 J. Geophys. Res. 106 12643
[6] Sierk B, Richter A, Rozanov A, von Savigny C H, Schmoltner A M, Buchwitz M, Bovensmann H, Burrows J P 2006 Envir. Monit. Ass. DOI: 10.1007/s10661-005-9049-9
[7] Veefkind J P, Haan de J F, Brinksma E J, Kroon M, Levelt P F 2006 IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens. 44 1239
[8] Grainger J R, Ring J 1962 Nature 193 762
[9] Vountas M, Rozanov V V, Burrows J P 1998 J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transfer 60 943
[10] Sioris C, Evans W F J 1999 Appl. Opt. 38 2706
[11] Fish D J, Jones R L 1995 Geophys. Res. Lett. 22 811
[12] Solomon S, Schmeltekopf A L, Sanders R W 1987 J. Geophys. Res. 92 8311
[13] Chance K, Spurr R J D 1997 Appl. Opt. 36 5224
[14] Bucsela E J, Celarier E A, Wenig M O, Gleason J F, Veefkind J P, Boersma K F, Brinksma E J 2006 IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens. 44 1245
[15] Kattawar G W, Xu X 1992 Appl. Opt. 31 6491
[16] Gordon H R 1999 Appl. Opt. 38 3166
[17] Sugihara S, Kishino M, Okami N 1984 J. Oceanogr. Soc. Jpn. 40 397
[18] Stavn R H, Weidemann A D 1988 Appl. Opt. 27 4002
[19] Marshall B R, Smith R C 1990 Appl. Opt. 29 71
[20] Haltrin V I, Kattawar G W 1993 Appl. Opt. 32 5356
[21] Bartlett J S, Voss K J, Sathyendranath S, Vodacek A 1998 Appl. Opt. 37 3324
[22] Sathyendranath S, Platt T 1998 Appl. Opt. 37 2216
[23] Vasilkov A P, Joiner J, Gleason J, Bhartia P 2002 Geophys. Res. Let. DOI 10.1029/2002GL014955
[24] Vountas M, Richter A, Wittrock F, Burrows J P 2003 Atmos. Chem. Phys. 3 1365
[25] Han D, Chen L F, Su L, Tao J H, Li S S, Yu C, Wang Z F 2010 Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis (in Chinese) [韩冬, 陈良富, 苏林, 陶金花, 李莘莘, 余超, 王子峰 2010光谱学与光谱分析 30 2137]
[26] Han D, Chen L F, Su L, Tao J H, Li S S, Yu C, Zhang Y, He B H 2011 Sci. China Earth Sci. 54 1407
[27] Rozanov A V, Rozanov V V, Buchwitz M, Kokhanovsky A A, Burrows J P 2005 Adv. Space Res. 36 1015
[28] Boersma, K F, Eskes H J, Veefkind J P, Brinksma E J, van Der A R J, Sneep M, van den Oord G H J, Levelt P F, Stammes P, Gleason J F, Bucsela E J 2007 Atm. Chem. Phys. 7 2013
[29] Zhou B, Chen L M, Hao N 2006 Acta Phys. Sin. 55 1529 (in Chinese) [周斌, 陈立民, 郝楠 2006 55 1529]
[30] Qi F, Liu W Q, Zhou B, Li Z B, Cui Y J 2003 Acta Phys. Sin. 52 1307 (in Chinese) [齐锋, 刘文清, 周斌, 李振壁, 崔延军 2003 52 1307]
[31] Vountas M, Dinter T, Bracher A, Burrows J P, Sierk B 2007 Ocean Sci. 3 429
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