双出口房间内疏散行人流的仿真和实验研究

陈亮; 郭仁拥; 塔娜

doi:10.7498/aps.62.050506

摘要

为研究行人疏散过程中的路径选择行为, 提出了一个基于元胞自动机的行人微观模型, 并组织了三组双出口教室内的学生疏散实验. 模型中, 行人路径选择行为受其到出口距离、前方路径通行能力和行人间排斥力影响. 通过观察实验结果, 得到一些相关现象. 利用实验结果对模型参数进行校正. 利用校正模型对该教室内疏散学生流进行仿真, 结果表明模型能有效地刻画教室内学生流的疏散特征, 疏散时间随学生人数线性增加. 该研究有助于类似场景中行人疏散策略和方案的制定.

关键词:

元胞自动机 /
行人疏散 /
仿真 /
实验

Abstract

A microscopic pedestrian model based on cellular automata is proposed and three groups of experiments on pedestrian evacuation from a double-exit room are conducted to investigate the route choice of pedestrians during evacuation. In the model, the route-choice behavior of pedestrians is affected by the route distance from the pedestrians to the exit, the capacity of the frontal route, and the repulsive force between pedestrians. Through the analysis of the video recordings, certain conclusions related to the route choice of pedestrians in these experiments are obtained. Model parameters are calibrated by the experimental data. Simulation results indicate that the model can reproduce the evacuation behavior of pedestrians in the room effectively and evacuation time is an increasing linear function of student number. The present study is helpful for devising evacuation strategies and schemes in buildings that are similar to the room.

Keywords:

作者及机构信息

1.
内蒙古大学计算机学院, 呼和浩特 010021

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金(批准号: 71001047, 71261016)资助的课题.

Authors and contacts

1.
College of Computer Science, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China

Funds: Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 71001047, 71261016).

参考文献

[1]	Zhou J W, Kuang H, Liu M R, Kong L J 2009 Acta Phys. Sin. 58 3001 (in Chinese) [周金旺, 邝华, 刘慕仁, 孔令江 2009 58 3001]
[2]	Yue H, Zhang X, Chen G, Shao C F 2012 Acta Phys. Sin. 61 130509 (in Chinese) [岳昊, 张旭, 陈刚, 邵春福 2012 61 130509]
[3]	Hughes R L 2002 Trans. Res. B 32 507
[4]	Burstedde C, Klauck K, Schadschneider A, Zittart J 2001 Physica A 295 507
[5]	Helbing D, Farkas I, Vicsek T 2000 Nature 407 487
[6]	Guo R Y, Guo X 2012 Chin. Phys. B 21 018901
[7]	Fang W F, Yang L Z, Fan W C 2003 Physica A 321 633
[8]	Yang L X, Zhao X M, Gao Z Y, Zheng J F 2011 Acta Phys. Sin. 60 100501 (in Chinese) [杨凌霄, 赵小梅, 高自友, 郑建风 2011 60 100501]
[9]	Ren G, Lu L L, Wang W 2012 Acta Phys. Sin. 61 144501 (in Chinese) [任刚, 陆丽丽, 王炜 2012 61 144501]
[10]	Kirchner A, Schadschneider A 2002 Physica A 312 260
[11]	Kirchner A, Klupfel H, Nishinari K, Schadschneider A, Schreckenberg M 2003 Physica A 324 689
[12]	Kirchner A, Nishinari K, Schadschneider A 2003 Phys. Rev. E 67 056122
[13]	Xu Y, Huang H J, Yong G 2012 Chin. Phys. Lett. 29 080502
[14]	Yang L Z, Fang W F, Huang R, Deng Z H 2002 Chin. Sci. Bull. 47 1484
[15]	Yang L Z, Fang W F, Li J, Huang R, Fan W C 2003 Chin. Sci. Bull. 48 1695
[16]	Zhao D L, Yang L Z, Li J 2008 Physica A 387 3708
[17]	Yue H, Hao H R, Chen X M, Shao C F 2007 Physica A 384 567
[18]	Yue H, Shao C F, Chen X M, Hao H R 2008 Acta Phys. Sin. 57 6901 (in Chinese) [岳昊, 邵春福, 陈晓明, 郝合瑞 2008 57 6901]
[19]	Yue H, Shao C F, Yao Z S 2009 Acta Phys. Sin. 58 4523 (in Chinese) [岳昊, 邵春福, 姚智胜 2009 58 4523]
[20]	Zhu N, Jia B, Shao C F, Yue H 2012 Chin. Phys. B 21 050501
[21]	Zarita Z, Lim E A 2012 Chin. Phys. Lett. 29 018901
[22]	Xie J J, Xue Y 2012 Acta Phys. Sin. 61 194502 (in Chinese) [谢积鉴, 薛郁 2012 61 194502]
[23]	Guo R Y, Huang H J 2010 Chin. Phys. B 19 030501
[24]	Guo R Y, Huang H J 2011 J. Stat. Mech. P04018
[25]	Liu S B, Yang L Z, Fang T Y, Li L 2009 Physica A 388 1921
[26]	Zhu K J, Yang L Z 2010 Acta Phys. Sin. 59 7701 (in Chinese) [朱孔金, 杨立中 2010 59 7701]
[27]	Guo R Y, Huang H J, Wong S C 2012 Trans. Res. B 46 669

施引文献

[1]	Zhou J W, Kuang H, Liu M R, Kong L J 2009 Acta Phys. Sin. 58 3001 (in Chinese) [周金旺, 邝华, 刘慕仁, 孔令江 2009 58 3001]
[2]	Yue H, Zhang X, Chen G, Shao C F 2012 Acta Phys. Sin. 61 130509 (in Chinese) [岳昊, 张旭, 陈刚, 邵春福 2012 61 130509]
[3]	Hughes R L 2002 Trans. Res. B 32 507
[4]	Burstedde C, Klauck K, Schadschneider A, Zittart J 2001 Physica A 295 507
[5]	Helbing D, Farkas I, Vicsek T 2000 Nature 407 487
[6]	Guo R Y, Guo X 2012 Chin. Phys. B 21 018901
[7]	Fang W F, Yang L Z, Fan W C 2003 Physica A 321 633
[8]	Yang L X, Zhao X M, Gao Z Y, Zheng J F 2011 Acta Phys. Sin. 60 100501 (in Chinese) [杨凌霄, 赵小梅, 高自友, 郑建风 2011 60 100501]
[9]	Ren G, Lu L L, Wang W 2012 Acta Phys. Sin. 61 144501 (in Chinese) [任刚, 陆丽丽, 王炜 2012 61 144501]
[10]	Kirchner A, Schadschneider A 2002 Physica A 312 260
[11]	Kirchner A, Klupfel H, Nishinari K, Schadschneider A, Schreckenberg M 2003 Physica A 324 689
[12]	Kirchner A, Nishinari K, Schadschneider A 2003 Phys. Rev. E 67 056122
[13]	Xu Y, Huang H J, Yong G 2012 Chin. Phys. Lett. 29 080502
[14]	Yang L Z, Fang W F, Huang R, Deng Z H 2002 Chin. Sci. Bull. 47 1484
[15]	Yang L Z, Fang W F, Li J, Huang R, Fan W C 2003 Chin. Sci. Bull. 48 1695
[16]	Zhao D L, Yang L Z, Li J 2008 Physica A 387 3708
[17]	Yue H, Hao H R, Chen X M, Shao C F 2007 Physica A 384 567
[18]	Yue H, Shao C F, Chen X M, Hao H R 2008 Acta Phys. Sin. 57 6901 (in Chinese) [岳昊, 邵春福, 陈晓明, 郝合瑞 2008 57 6901]
[19]	Yue H, Shao C F, Yao Z S 2009 Acta Phys. Sin. 58 4523 (in Chinese) [岳昊, 邵春福, 姚智胜 2009 58 4523]
[20]	Zhu N, Jia B, Shao C F, Yue H 2012 Chin. Phys. B 21 050501
[21]	Zarita Z, Lim E A 2012 Chin. Phys. Lett. 29 018901
[22]	Xie J J, Xue Y 2012 Acta Phys. Sin. 61 194502 (in Chinese) [谢积鉴, 薛郁 2012 61 194502]
[23]	Guo R Y, Huang H J 2010 Chin. Phys. B 19 030501
[24]	Guo R Y, Huang H J 2011 J. Stat. Mech. P04018
[25]	Liu S B, Yang L Z, Fang T Y, Li L 2009 Physica A 388 1921
[26]	Zhu K J, Yang L Z 2010 Acta Phys. Sin. 59 7701 (in Chinese) [朱孔金, 杨立中 2010 59 7701]
[27]	Guo R Y, Huang H J, Wong S C 2012 Trans. Res. B 46 669

[1]	杨灿, 陈群, 陈璐. 考虑在能见度受限下行人跟随行为特性的建模与模拟. , 2019, 68(24): 240504. doi: 10.7498/aps.68.20190707
[2]	梁经韵, 张莉莉, 栾悉道, 郭金林, 老松杨, 谢毓湘. 多路段元胞自动机交通流模型. , 2017, 66(19): 194501. doi: 10.7498/aps.66.194501
[3]	董力耘, 陈立, 段晓茵. 基于教室人群疏散实验的行人流建模和模拟. , 2015, 64(22): 220505. doi: 10.7498/aps.64.220505
[4]	侯磊, 刘建国, 潘雪, 郭强, 汪秉宏. 火灾逃生过程的模拟与讨论以吉林禽业火灾为例. , 2014, 63(17): 178902. doi: 10.7498/aps.63.178902
[5]	张兴强, 汪滢, 胡庆华. 交叉口混合交通流元胞自动机模型及仿真研究. , 2014, 63(1): 010508. doi: 10.7498/aps.63.010508
[6]	禹尔东, 吴正, 郭明旻. 双出口房间人群疏散的实验研究和数学建模. , 2014, 63(9): 094501. doi: 10.7498/aps.63.094501
[7]	杨晓芳, 茅威, 付强. 基于动态地场和元胞自动机的自行车流建模. , 2013, 62(24): 240511. doi: 10.7498/aps.62.240511
[8]	永贵, 黄海军, 许岩. 菱形网格的行人疏散元胞自动机模型. , 2013, 62(1): 010506. doi: 10.7498/aps.62.010506
[9]	null. 初始位置布局不平衡的疏散行人流仿真研究. , 2012, 61(13): 130509. doi: 10.7498/aps.61.130509
[10]	任刚, 陆丽丽, 王炜. 基于元胞自动机和复杂网络理论的双向行人流建模. , 2012, 61(14): 144501. doi: 10.7498/aps.61.144501
[11]	孙泽, 贾斌, 李新刚. 基于元胞自动机的行人和机动车相互干扰机理研究. , 2012, 61(10): 100508. doi: 10.7498/aps.61.100508
[12]	岳昊, 邵春福, 关宏志, 段龙梅. 基于元胞自动机的行人视线受影响的疏散流仿真研究. , 2010, 59(7): 4499-4507. doi: 10.7498/aps.59.4499
[13]	周金旺, 陈秀丽, 孔令江, 刘慕仁, 谭惠丽, 周建槐. 一种改进的多速双向行人流元胞自动机模型. , 2009, 58(4): 2281-2285. doi: 10.7498/aps.58.2281
[14]	岳昊, 邵春福, 姚智胜. 基于元胞自动机的行人疏散流仿真研究. , 2009, 58(7): 4523-4530. doi: 10.7498/aps.58.4523
[15]	张文铸, 袁坚, 俞哲, 徐赞新, 山秀明. 基于元胞自动机的无线传感网络整体行为研究. , 2008, 57(11): 6896-6900. doi: 10.7498/aps.57.6896
[16]	岳昊, 邵春福, 陈晓明, 郝合瑞. 基于元胞自动机的对向行人交通流仿真研究. , 2008, 57(11): 6901-6908. doi: 10.7498/aps.57.6901
[17]	郭四玲, 韦艳芳, 薛郁. 元胞自动机交通流模型的相变特性研究. , 2006, 55(7): 3336-3342. doi: 10.7498/aps.55.3336
[18]	吴可非, 孔令江, 刘慕仁. 双车道元胞自动机NS和WWH交通流混合模型的研究. , 2006, 55(12): 6275-6280. doi: 10.7498/aps.55.6275
[19]	花伟, 林柏梁. 考虑行车状态的一维元胞自动机交通流模型. , 2005, 54(6): 2595-2599. doi: 10.7498/aps.54.2595
[20]	牟勇飚, 钟诚文. 基于安全驾驶的元胞自动机交通流模型. , 2005, 54(12): 5597-5601. doi: 10.7498/aps.54.5597

计量

文章访问数: 7660
PDF下载量: 1351
被引次数: 0

姓名
邮箱
手机号码
标题
留言内容
验证码

搜索

留言板