波浪破碎湍流混合研究综述

张书文; 曹瑞雪; 朱风芹

doi:10.7498/aps.60.119201

摘要

波浪破碎及其湍流混合研究一直是物理海洋学具有挑战性的问题. 文章系统综述了自20世纪90年代以来, 波浪破碎混合观测及其模式化研究方面取得的主要进展: 1)波浪破碎湍流混合不能用经典的海气边界层Wall-layer相似性理论进行描述. 波浪破碎能够在近海面几米的深度范围内形成湍流混合的增强层, 所产生的湍流动能耗散率dis是Wall-layer相似性理论预测结果的101000倍. 2)波浪破碎湍流动能耗散率在波峰区域disz-2.3, 而在波谷以下区域disexp(-z)或disz-2. 3)湍流混合长度是刻画波浪破碎混合非常重要的物理量, 但迄今为止对波浪破碎湍流混合长度l的量化研究存在较大差异, l从0.1 Hs到Hs(Hs为有效波高). 如何确定波浪破碎湍流混合长度的定量表示是今后需要亟待解决的重要问题.

关键词:

Abstract

It is formidable task to provide a comprehensive investigation of wave breaking and its turbulence process. In this review paper, the observations of turbulence by wave breaking and its parameterizations since 1990 are presented. Among them, the following are the most important. (1)Wave breaking induced turbulent mixing process cannot be described by the wall-layer theory, that is, the rate of dissipation of turbulent kinetic energy is not proportional to the inverse of water depth. In fact, a significant turbulent mixing enhancement in near-surface layer for a depth of several meters is achived by wave breaking. The dissipation rate of turbulence kinet energy is one to three orders larger than the value predicted by the wall-layer scaling. (2)In the crest region above the mean waterline, the dissipation rate increases as disz-2.3, while in the region below the trough, the dissipation rate decreases as disexp(-z) or disz-2. (3)The turbulent mixing length is a critical physical quantity to study the wave breaking. Up to now, however, there has been a large difference between the values given by the previous studies. Extensive work on the mixing depth and turbulent mixing length by wave breaking is also needed in the future.

Keywords:

wave breaking /
dissipation rate of turbulent kinetic energy /
turbulence mixing length

作者及机构信息

1.
广东海洋大学海洋与气象学院,陆架及深远海气候、资源与环境广东省高等学校重点实验室,湛江 524088

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金(批准号:40876013, 40906008,U0933001)、广东省珠江学者计划GDUPS(2010)和广东自然科学重点基金(批准号:925240880100001)资助的课题.

Authors and contacts

1.
Guangdong Key Lab. of Climate, Resource and Environment in Continental Shelf Sea and Deep Sea, College of Oceanology and Meterorology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China

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施引文献

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[5]
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[7]
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[9]
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[11]
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[13]
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[31]
[32]
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[34]
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[36]
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[38]
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[40]
[41]	Zhang S W 2008 Acta Phys. Sin. 57 3287(in Chinses)[张书文 2008 57 3287]
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