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量子光-物质相互作用系统的非平衡热能输运近来引起密切关注.本文研究非平衡各向异性Dicke模型中的量子热流及热整流行为.通过引入量子缀饰态主方程处理光子-量子比特强耦合.研究结果表明,各向异性光子-量子比特强耦合能有效调节热流.量子比特数增多有利于增强热流.在热力学极限近似和极限各向异性系数下,得到热流的解析表达式.该热流解析式为有限尺寸各向异性Dicke模型的热流上限.较大的各向异性系数和光子-量子比特非弱耦合有助于实现显著的热整流效应.笔者希望这些结果能够加深对各向异性光-物质相互作用系统中非平衡热能输运的理解.
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关键词:
- 量子光-物质相互作用 /
- 量子输运 /
- 开放量子系统
Nonequilibrium heat transport and quantum thermodynamics in quantum light-matter interacting systems have recently attracted increasing attention. Consequently, quantum thermal devices, e.g., heat valve and head diode have been realized. Here, we investigate quantum heat flow in the nonequilibrium anisotropic Dicke model, where an ensemble of qubits collectively interacts with a photon field with anisotropic forms, each component individually interacting with bosonic thermal reservoirs. The quantum dressed master equation (DME) is included to properly study dissipative dynamics of the anisotropic Dicke model, which is able to handle strong qubit-photon coupling within the eigenbasis of the reduced anisotropic Dicke system. Our results demonstrate that anisotropic qubit-photon interactions are crucial for modulating steady-state heat flow, particularly at moderate and strong couplings. We also find that the analytical expressions of heat flows in the thermodynamic limit with limiting anisotropic factors can be used as the upper boundaries for the heat flows in the anisotropic Dicke model with finite qubit numbers. These heat flows exhibit cotunneling microscopic transport processes. Moreover, the large anisotropic factor and nonweak qubit-photon coupling are helpful in achieving the giant thermal rectification effect. We hope these results may deepen the understanding of nonequilibrium heat transport in the anisotropic quantum light-matter interacting systems. -
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