-
X-ray transparency occurs during the interaction of X-ray free electron laser with matter. The study of the mechanism of X-ray transparency is of great value for understanding the interaction between X-ray free electron laser and matter. In this paper, the main ionization modes from neutral neon atom till bare nucleus at different flux densities are determined based on the 2000 eV photoionization cross sections and the Auger decay rates of various neon atoms (ions), calculated by the Flexible Atomic Code program. By establishing and solving the rate equations, the formulas of the proportions of various electronic configurations of neon in the main ionization mode are obtained. The proportions of electron configurations in the main ionization modes and the atomic average photoionization cross sections at flux densities of 2000 and 10000 -2fs-1 are calculated by using the formulas. The ratios of the number of hollow atoms to that of complete valence electrons at any time under different flux density laser irradiations are calculated. It is found that both the bare nuclei and the hollow atoms cause X-ray transparency, and a relatively high ratio of the number of hollow atoms to that of complete valence electrons can be achieved by choosing appropriate flux density and pulse duration.
-
Keywords:
- X-ray transparency /
- X-ray free electron laser /
- hollow atom /
- neon
[1] Pellegrini C, Marinelli A, Reiche S 2016 Rev. Mod. Phys. 88 015006
[2] Gahl C, Azima A, Beye M, Deppe M, Dbrich K, Hasslinger U, Hennies F, Melnikov A, Nagasono M, Pietzsch A, Wolf M, Wurth W, Fhlisch A 2008 Nat. Photon. 2 165
[3] Yoneda H, Inubushi Y, Yabashi M, Katayama T, Ishikawa T, Ohashi H, Yumoto H, Yamauchi K, Mimura H, Kitamura H 2014 Nat. Commun. 5 5080
[4] Nagler, B, Zastrau U, Fustlin R R, Vinko S M, Whitcher T, Nelson A J, Sobierajski R, Krzywinski J, Chalupsky J, Abreu E, Bajt S, Bornath T, Burian T, Chapman H, Cihelka J, Dppner T, Dsterer S, Dzelzainis T, Fajardo M, Frster E, Fortmann C, Galtier E, Glenzer S H, Gde S, Gregori G, Hajkova V, Heimann P, Juha L, Jurek M, Khattak F Y, Khorsand A R, Klinger D, Kozlova M, Laarmann T, Lee H J, Lee R, Meiwes-Broer K H, Mercere P, Murphy W J, Przystawik A, Redmer R, Reinholz H, Riley D, Rpke G, Rosmej F, Saksl K, Schott R, Thiele R, Tiggesbumker J, Toleikis S, Tschentscher T, Uschmann I, Vollmer H J, Wark J S 2009 Nat. Phys. 5 693
[5] Young L, Kanter E P, Krssig B, Li Y, March A M, Pratt S T, Santra R, Southworth S H, Rohringer N, DiMauro L F, Doumy G, Roedig C A, Berrah N, Fang L, Hoener M, Bucksbaum P H, Cryan J P, Ghimire S, Glownia J M, Reis D A, Bozek J D, Bostedt C, Messerschmidt M 2010 Nature 466 56
[6] Chapman H N 2015 Synchrotron. Radiat. News 28 20
[7] Wei L, Wacker D, Gati C, Han G W, James D, Wang D, Nelson G, Weierstall U, Katritch V, Barty A, Zatsepin N A, Li D, Messerschmidt M, Boutet S, Williams G J, Koglin J E, Seibert M M, Chong W, Shah S T A, Basu S, Fromme R, Kupitz C, Rendek K N, Grotjohann I, Fromme P, Kirian R A, Beyerlein K R, White T A, Chapman H N, Caffrey M, Spence J C H, Stevens R C, Cherezov V 2013 Science 342 1521
[8] Boutet S, Lomb L, Williams G J, Barends T R M, Aquila A, Doak R B, Weierstall U, de Ponte D P, Steinbrener J, Shoeman R L, Messerschmidt M, Barty A, White T A, Kassemeyer S, Kirian R A, Seibert M M, Montanez P A, Kenney C, Herbst R, Hart P, Pines J, Haller G, Gruner S M, Philipp H T, Tate M W, Hromalik M, Koerner L J, Bakel N V, Morse J, Ghonsalves W, Arnlund D, Bogan M J, Caleman C, Fromme R, Hampton C Y, Hunter M S, Johansson L C, Katona G, Kupitz C, Liang M, Martin A V, Nass K, Redecke L, Stellato F, Timneanu N, Wang D, Zatsepin N A, Schafer D, Defever J, Neutze R, Fromme P, Spence J C H, Chapman H N, Schlichting I 2012 Science 337 362
[9] Neutze R, Wouts R, van der Spoel D, Weckert E, Hajdu J 2000 Nature 406 752
[10] Son S K, Young L, Santra R 2011 Phys. Rev. A 83 033402
[11] Gu M F 2008 Can. J. Phys. 86 675
-
[1] Pellegrini C, Marinelli A, Reiche S 2016 Rev. Mod. Phys. 88 015006
[2] Gahl C, Azima A, Beye M, Deppe M, Dbrich K, Hasslinger U, Hennies F, Melnikov A, Nagasono M, Pietzsch A, Wolf M, Wurth W, Fhlisch A 2008 Nat. Photon. 2 165
[3] Yoneda H, Inubushi Y, Yabashi M, Katayama T, Ishikawa T, Ohashi H, Yumoto H, Yamauchi K, Mimura H, Kitamura H 2014 Nat. Commun. 5 5080
[4] Nagler, B, Zastrau U, Fustlin R R, Vinko S M, Whitcher T, Nelson A J, Sobierajski R, Krzywinski J, Chalupsky J, Abreu E, Bajt S, Bornath T, Burian T, Chapman H, Cihelka J, Dppner T, Dsterer S, Dzelzainis T, Fajardo M, Frster E, Fortmann C, Galtier E, Glenzer S H, Gde S, Gregori G, Hajkova V, Heimann P, Juha L, Jurek M, Khattak F Y, Khorsand A R, Klinger D, Kozlova M, Laarmann T, Lee H J, Lee R, Meiwes-Broer K H, Mercere P, Murphy W J, Przystawik A, Redmer R, Reinholz H, Riley D, Rpke G, Rosmej F, Saksl K, Schott R, Thiele R, Tiggesbumker J, Toleikis S, Tschentscher T, Uschmann I, Vollmer H J, Wark J S 2009 Nat. Phys. 5 693
[5] Young L, Kanter E P, Krssig B, Li Y, March A M, Pratt S T, Santra R, Southworth S H, Rohringer N, DiMauro L F, Doumy G, Roedig C A, Berrah N, Fang L, Hoener M, Bucksbaum P H, Cryan J P, Ghimire S, Glownia J M, Reis D A, Bozek J D, Bostedt C, Messerschmidt M 2010 Nature 466 56
[6] Chapman H N 2015 Synchrotron. Radiat. News 28 20
[7] Wei L, Wacker D, Gati C, Han G W, James D, Wang D, Nelson G, Weierstall U, Katritch V, Barty A, Zatsepin N A, Li D, Messerschmidt M, Boutet S, Williams G J, Koglin J E, Seibert M M, Chong W, Shah S T A, Basu S, Fromme R, Kupitz C, Rendek K N, Grotjohann I, Fromme P, Kirian R A, Beyerlein K R, White T A, Chapman H N, Caffrey M, Spence J C H, Stevens R C, Cherezov V 2013 Science 342 1521
[8] Boutet S, Lomb L, Williams G J, Barends T R M, Aquila A, Doak R B, Weierstall U, de Ponte D P, Steinbrener J, Shoeman R L, Messerschmidt M, Barty A, White T A, Kassemeyer S, Kirian R A, Seibert M M, Montanez P A, Kenney C, Herbst R, Hart P, Pines J, Haller G, Gruner S M, Philipp H T, Tate M W, Hromalik M, Koerner L J, Bakel N V, Morse J, Ghonsalves W, Arnlund D, Bogan M J, Caleman C, Fromme R, Hampton C Y, Hunter M S, Johansson L C, Katona G, Kupitz C, Liang M, Martin A V, Nass K, Redecke L, Stellato F, Timneanu N, Wang D, Zatsepin N A, Schafer D, Defever J, Neutze R, Fromme P, Spence J C H, Chapman H N, Schlichting I 2012 Science 337 362
[9] Neutze R, Wouts R, van der Spoel D, Weckert E, Hajdu J 2000 Nature 406 752
[10] Son S K, Young L, Santra R 2011 Phys. Rev. A 83 033402
[11] Gu M F 2008 Can. J. Phys. 86 675
-
[1] Nie Yong-Gan, Gao Zi-Chen, Tong Ya-Jun, Fan Jia-Dong, Liu Gong-Fa, Jiang Huai-Dong. Design and implementation of timing system for single-shot imaging at Shanghai soft X-ray free-electron laser. Acta Physica Sinica, 2024, 73(12): 120701. doi: 10.7498/aps.73.20240383 [2] Zhang Shao-Jun, Guo Zhi, Cheng Jia-Min, Wang Yong, Chen Jia-Hua, Liu Zhi. Arrival time diagnosis method of high refrequency hard X-ray free electron laser. Acta Physica Sinica, 2023, 72(10): 105203. doi: 10.7498/aps.72.20222424 [3] Shen Bai-Fei, Ji Liang-Liang, Zhang Xiao-Mei, Bu Zhi-Gang, Xu Jian-Cai. High field X-ray laser physics. Acta Physica Sinica, 2021, 70(8): 084101. doi: 10.7498/aps.70.20210096 [4] Zhang Bing-Zhang, Song Zhang-Yong, Liu Xuan, Qian Cheng, Fang Xing, Shao Cao-Jie, Wang Wei, Liu Jun-Liang, Xu Jun-Kui, Feng Yong, Zhu Zhi-Chao, Guo Yan-Ling, Chen Lin, Sun Liang-Ting, Yang Zhi-Hu, Yu De-Yang. X-ray emission produced by interaction of slow highly charged ${\boldsymbol{ {\rm{O}}^{q+}}}$ ions with Al surfaces. Acta Physica Sinica, 2021, 70(19): 193201. doi: 10.7498/aps.70.20210757[5] Ma Kun, Xie Lu-You, Zhang Deng-Hong, Dong Chen-Zhong, Qu Yi-Zhi. Theoretical calculation of the photoelectron angular distribution of neon. Acta Physica Sinica, 2016, 65(8): 083201. doi: 10.7498/aps.65.083201 [6] An Hong-Hai, Wang Chen, Fang Zhi-Heng, Xiong Jun, Sun Jin-Ren, Wang Wei, Fu Si-Zu, Qiao Xiu-Mei, Zheng Wu-Di, Zhang Guo-Ping. Output intensity of Ne-like Ge soft X-ray laser with double-pass amplification. Acta Physica Sinica, 2011, 60(10): 104207. doi: 10.7498/aps.60.104207 [7] Zheng Bing-Song, Sun Yan-Qian, Chen Yu, Ma Jing-Long, Li Ying-Jun. Ne-like Ti X-ray laser driven by a single femtosecond laser. Acta Physica Sinica, 2010, 59(10): 7020-7026. doi: 10.7498/aps.59.7020 [8] He Biao, Yi You-Gen, Jiang Shao-En, Tang Yong-Jian, Zheng Zhi-Jian. Theoretical calculation of Lα X-ray production cross sections of Ga, As, Pt, W and Au atoms by electron impact. Acta Physica Sinica, 2009, 58(10): 6879-6883. doi: 10.7498/aps.58.6879 [9] Wang Chen, Zhang Guo-Ping, Zheng Wu-Di, Qiao Xiu-Mei, Fang Zhi-Heng, Sun Jin-Ren, Wang Wei, Xiong Jun, Fu Si-Zu, Gu Yuan, Wang Shi-Ji. Studies on Ne-like Ge X-ray laser driven by a 2ω nanosecond laser. Acta Physica Sinica, 2009, 58(9): 6264-6268. doi: 10.7498/aps.58.6264 [10] Qiao Xiu-Mei, Zheng Wu-Di, Zhang Guo-Ping. Effect of ionization and recombination between excited states on gain of 19.6nm X-ray laser. Acta Physica Sinica, 2008, 57(9): 5639-5645. doi: 10.7498/aps.57.5639 [11] Yang Zhi-Hu, Song Zhang-Yong, Cui Ying, Zhang Hong-Qiang, Ruan Fang-Fang, Shao Jian-Xiong, Du Juan, Liu Yu-Wen, Zhu Ke-Xin, Zhang Xiao-An, Shao Cao-Jie, Lu Rong-Chun, Yu De-Yang, Chen Xi-Meng, Cai Xiao-Hong. X-ray spectra produced by interaction of Ar16+ and Ar17+ with Zr. Acta Physica Sinica, 2008, 57(2): 803-807. doi: 10.7498/aps.57.803 [12] Qiao Xiu-Mei, Zhang Guo-Ping. Theoretical study of TCE Ne-like Ge 19.6nm X-ray laser. Acta Physica Sinica, 2007, 56(9): 5248-5251. doi: 10.7498/aps.56.5248 [13] Yang Zhi-Hu, Song Zhang-Yong, Chen Xi-Meng, Zhang Xiao-An, Zhang Yan-Ping, Zhao Yong-Tao, Cui Ying, Zhang Hong-Qiang, Xu Xu, Shao Jian-Xiong, Yu De-Yang, Cai Xiao-Hong. X-ray emission produced by interaction of highly ionized Arq+ ions with metallic targets. Acta Physica Sinica, 2006, 55(5): 2221-2227. doi: 10.7498/aps.55.2221 [14] Zhao Yong-Tao, Xiao Guo-Qing, Zhang Xiao-An, Yang Zhi-Hu, Chen Xi-Meng, Li Fu-Li, Zhang Yan-Ping, Zhang Hong-Qiang, Cui Ying, Shao Jian-Xiong, Xu Xu. The x-ray spectra of hollow atoms. Acta Physica Sinica, 2005, 54(1): 85-88. doi: 10.7498/aps.54.85 [15] Yan Fei, Zhang Jie. . Acta Physica Sinica, 2002, 51(11): 2524-2527. doi: 10.7498/aps.51.2524 [16] JIN SHI-QI, XU ZHI-ZHAN. ELECTRON-NEON SCATTERING AT 10—100eV. Acta Physica Sinica, 1998, 47(4): 577-582. doi: 10.7498/aps.47.577 [17] LI YU-TONG, ZHANG QI-REN, GU YU-QIU, YANG SHANG-JIN, YIU YONG-LU, JI KANG-NING, ZHAO YONG-KUAN. SPACE-RESOLVED STUDY OF NEON-LIKETITANIUM SOFT X-RAY LASING. Acta Physica Sinica, 1997, 46(6): 1103-1107. doi: 10.7498/aps.46.1103 [18] HE SHAO-TANO, HE AN, CHUNYU SHUTAI, ZHANG QI-PEN, GU YUAN-YUAN, NI YUAN-LONG, YU SONG-YU, ZHOU ZHENG-LIANG. MEASUREMENTS OF BEAM OPTICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF NEON-LIKE GERMANIUM X-RAY LASER. Acta Physica Sinica, 1992, 41(4): 573-577. doi: 10.7498/aps.41.573 [19] HE SHAO-TANG, HE AN, CHUNYU SHOTAI, SHEN HUA-ZHONO. X-RAY LASER GAIN MEASUREMENTS AND BEAM OPTICS DIAGNOSTICS IN Ne-LIKE Ge. Acta Physica Sinica, 1990, 39(11): 1751-1757. doi: 10.7498/aps.39.1751 [20] HO KUO-CHU. THE EXCITATION OF NUCLEI BY ELECTRONS AND X-RAYS. Acta Physica Sinica, 1958, 14(4): 289-299. doi: 10.7498/aps.14.289
Catalog
Metrics
- Abstract views: 5558
- PDF Downloads: 129
- Cited By: 0
下载:
