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Laser beam steering or pointing, which stabilizes the beam direction, is critical in many areas, such as optical communication systems, astronomy and directed-energy systems etc. However, the disturbances including atmospheric turbulence and mechanical jitter on platform may degrade the pointing accuracy. A proportional-integral (PI) feedback control commonly has been used in the track loop with a fast steering mirror. To compensate dynamic disturbance effectively, the laser beam steering control system must have a larger bandwidth than the disturbance bandwidth. But the control bandwidth is limited by the noise of the sensor, computing latency, and the light energy. So, a simple proportional-integral (PI) feedback controller of a piezoelectric fast steering mirror (PFSM) can only compensate the broadband disturbance of the atmospheric turbulence, but cannot effectively compensate a larger amplitude narrowband jitter because of the low control bandwidth. Moreover, when the control bandwidth is tuned to high, the mechanical resonance of the PFSM can cause the instability of the system. An improved dual two-order filter assisted high-bandwidth control algorithm to improve the pointing accuracy and error attenuation capability is proposed. This method can control a PFSM for suppression of laser beam jitter. The influence of filter parameters on frequency characteristics is analyzed, and then, a practical design method is proposed. The dual two-order filter can combine the characteristics of traditional notch filter and two-order low-pass filter, and can also obtain any desired amplitude in the interesting frequency ragion with little influence on the others. The principle of the proposed filter for suppressing the mechanical resonance of the PFSM and the narrowband disturbance is elaborated. And then, the different dual two-order filters are designed according to the frequency content of the PFSM and the narrowband disturbance. Finally, the proposed dual two-order filter assisted PI control algorithm and classic PI control algorithm are compared with each other. Experimental results show that, in the same conditions, the pointing accuracy of the proposed two-order filter assisted PI control algorithm is nearly 5 times better than that of the classic PI control algorithm, and the error attenuation bandwidth is one time higher. It also indicates that the proposed algorithm does not need an additional sensor; it is simple and effective for the suppression of the mechanical resonance of a PFSM and that of the narrowband disturbance, hence it improves the system error attenuation bandwidth and the beam pointing accuracy.
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Keywords:
- adaptive optics /
- laser beam jitter /
- piezoelectric fast steering mirror /
- filter
[1] Guo Y M, Ma X Y, Rao C H 2014 Acta Phys. Sin. 63 069502 (in Chinese) [郭友明, 马晓燠, 饶长辉 2014 63 069502]
[2] Paul H M, John R A 2013 Opt. Eng. 52 021005
[3] Kemal D, Erman C, Mutlu K 2010 Opt. Exp. 18 16618
[4] Ye Z Y, Xia S Q, Song D H, Tang L Q, Lou C B 2014 Chin.Phys.B 23 024211
[5] Hardy J W 1998 Adaptive Optics for Astronomical Telescopes (New York: Oxford University Press) pp316-344
[6] Zhang X J, Ling N 2003 High Power Laser and Particle Beams 15 966 (in Chinese) [张小军, 凌宁 2003 强激光与粒子束 15 966]
[7] Guwlman M, Kogan A, Kazarian A 2004 IEEE Trans. Aero. Elec. Sys. 40 1239
[8] Yue B, Yang W S, Fu C Y 2002 Opto-Electronic Engineering 29 35 (in Chinese) [岳冰, 杨文淑, 傅承毓 2002 光电工程 29 35]
[9] Wu Q Y, Wang Q, Peng Q, Ren G, Fu C Y 2004 Opto-Electronic Engineering 31 15 (in Chinese) [吴琼雁, 王强, 彭起, 任戈, 傅承毓 2004 光电工程 31 15]
[10] Ken F, Susumu Y, Nobtaka B, Sakai S I, Tsuiki A, Hatsutori Y, Yano T, Yamada Y 2011 Proc. Aero. IEEE Big Sky, March 5-12, 2011 p1
[11] Liu Y T, Gibson J S 2007 Opt. Eng. 46 046601
[12] Kim B S, Gibson J S, Tsao T C 2004 Proceeding of the 2004 American Control Conference Boston, June 30-July 2, 2004 p3417
[13] Nestor O A, Chen N, Gibson J S, Tsao T C 2005 Proceeding of the 2005 American Control Conference Portland,June 8-10, 2005 p3586
[14] Li X Y, Ling N, Chen D H, Yu J L 1999 High PowerLaser and Particle Beams 11 31 (in Chinese) [李新阳, 凌宁, 陈东红, 于继龙 1999 强激光与粒子束 11 31]
[15] Nestor O A, Gibson J S, Tsao T C 2007 Proc. SPIE 6709 67090Q
[16] Liu K C, Peiman M, Carl B 2008 AIAA Guidance,Navigation and Control conferenc Honolulu, August 18-21, 2008, p7232
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[1] Guo Y M, Ma X Y, Rao C H 2014 Acta Phys. Sin. 63 069502 (in Chinese) [郭友明, 马晓燠, 饶长辉 2014 63 069502]
[2] Paul H M, John R A 2013 Opt. Eng. 52 021005
[3] Kemal D, Erman C, Mutlu K 2010 Opt. Exp. 18 16618
[4] Ye Z Y, Xia S Q, Song D H, Tang L Q, Lou C B 2014 Chin.Phys.B 23 024211
[5] Hardy J W 1998 Adaptive Optics for Astronomical Telescopes (New York: Oxford University Press) pp316-344
[6] Zhang X J, Ling N 2003 High Power Laser and Particle Beams 15 966 (in Chinese) [张小军, 凌宁 2003 强激光与粒子束 15 966]
[7] Guwlman M, Kogan A, Kazarian A 2004 IEEE Trans. Aero. Elec. Sys. 40 1239
[8] Yue B, Yang W S, Fu C Y 2002 Opto-Electronic Engineering 29 35 (in Chinese) [岳冰, 杨文淑, 傅承毓 2002 光电工程 29 35]
[9] Wu Q Y, Wang Q, Peng Q, Ren G, Fu C Y 2004 Opto-Electronic Engineering 31 15 (in Chinese) [吴琼雁, 王强, 彭起, 任戈, 傅承毓 2004 光电工程 31 15]
[10] Ken F, Susumu Y, Nobtaka B, Sakai S I, Tsuiki A, Hatsutori Y, Yano T, Yamada Y 2011 Proc. Aero. IEEE Big Sky, March 5-12, 2011 p1
[11] Liu Y T, Gibson J S 2007 Opt. Eng. 46 046601
[12] Kim B S, Gibson J S, Tsao T C 2004 Proceeding of the 2004 American Control Conference Boston, June 30-July 2, 2004 p3417
[13] Nestor O A, Chen N, Gibson J S, Tsao T C 2005 Proceeding of the 2005 American Control Conference Portland,June 8-10, 2005 p3586
[14] Li X Y, Ling N, Chen D H, Yu J L 1999 High PowerLaser and Particle Beams 11 31 (in Chinese) [李新阳, 凌宁, 陈东红, 于继龙 1999 强激光与粒子束 11 31]
[15] Nestor O A, Gibson J S, Tsao T C 2007 Proc. SPIE 6709 67090Q
[16] Liu K C, Peiman M, Carl B 2008 AIAA Guidance,Navigation and Control conferenc Honolulu, August 18-21, 2008, p7232
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