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Spinel ferrite samples TixNi1-xFe2O4 (x=0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4) were prepared using conventional solid reaction method. The sample exhibit a single-phase cubic spinel structure with a space group obtained Fd3m. The lattice parameter a increases with the increase of Ti doping level x. But the specific saturation magnetizations, σs, gradually decrease with increasing Ti doping level x at 10 K and 300 K. It is interesting that when the doping level x≥0.2, two transition temperatures, TL and TN, are found: when the temperature is lower than TN, the magnetization is obviously decreased, while at the temperature TL, dσ/d T reaches a maximum value. This phenomenon indicates that an additional antiferromagnetic structure arises in the traditional spinel phase of ferrites which results from Ti doping, that Ti ions will show the form of Ti3+ and Ti2+ cations which have magnetic moments, and that the magnetic moments of the Ti cations are opposite to those of the Fe and Ni cations. The dependence of the magnetic moments of the samples on the Ti doping level x at 10 K was fitted successfully using the quantum-mechanical potential barrier model proposed earlier by our group. In the fitting process, the distributions of Ti, Ni and Fe cations in the samples are obtained. It is found that 80% of the Ti cations will occupy the [B] sites in Ti2+ form.
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Keywords:
- spinel ferrite /
- crystal structure /
- magnetic properties
[1] Silwal P, Miao L, Stern I, Zhou X, Hu J, Kim D H 2012 Appl. Phys. Lett. 100 032102
[2] Fritsch D, Ederer C 2011 Appl. Phys. Lett. 99 081916
[3] Zhang R C, Liu L, Xu X L 2011 Chin. Phys. B 20 086101
[4] Wang W J, Zang C G, Jiao Q J 2013 Chin. Phys. B 22 128101
[5] Zhou X, Hou Z L, Li Feng, Qi Xin 2010 Chin. Phys. Lett. 27 117501
[6] Huang Y L, Hou Y H, Zhao Y J, Liu Z W, Zeng D C, Ma S C 2013 Acta Phys. Sin. 62 167502 (in Chinese) [黄有林, 侯育花, 赵宇军, 刘仲武, 曾德长, 马胜灿 2013 62 167502]
[7] Bai Y, Ding L H, Zhang W F 2011 Acta Phys. Sin. 60 058201 (in Chinese) [白莹, 丁玲红, 张伟风 2011 60 058201]
[8] Lei J M, L L, Liu L, Xu X L 2011 Acta Phys. Sin. 60 017501 (in Chinese) [雷洁梅, 吕柳, 刘玲, 许小亮 2011 60 017501]
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[11] Srivastava R C, Khan D C, Das A R 1990 Physical Review B 41 12514
[12] Heinrich H, Christian K, Ernst B 1996 J. Solid State Chem. 125 216
[13] Tang G D, Hou D L, Chen W, Zhao X, Qi W H 2007 Appl. Phys. Lett. 90 144101
[14] Tang G D, Ji D H, Yao Y X, Liu S P, Li Z Z, Qi W H, Han Q J, Hou X, Hou D L 2011 Appl. Phys. Lett. 98 072511
[15] Phillips J C 1970 Rev. Mod. Phys. 42 317
[16] Ji D H, Tang G D, Li Z Z, Hou X, Han Q J, Qi W H, Bian R R, Liu S R 2013 J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 326 197
[17] Ji D H 2013 PH. D. dissertations (Shijiazhuang: Hebei Normal University) (In Chinese) [纪登辉2013博士学位论文(石家庄: 河北师范大学)]
[18] Liu S R, Ji D H, Xu J, Li Z Z, Tang G D, Bian R R, Qi W H, Shang Z F, Zhang X Y 2013 J. Alloy. Compd. 581 616
[19] Tang G D, Han Q J, Xu J, Ji D H, Qi W H, Li Z Z, Shang Z F, Zhang X Y 2014 Physica B 438 91
[20] Zhang X Y, Xu J, Li Z Z, Qi W H, Tang G D, Shang Z F, Ji D H, Lang L L 2014 Physica B 446 92
[21] Shang Z F, Qi W H, Ji D H, Xu J, Tang G D, Zhang X Y, Li Z Z, Lang L L 2014 Chin. Phys. B 23 107503
[22] Soshin Chikazumi 1997 Physics of Ferromagnetism 2e (Oxford University Press) p111
[23] Chen C W 1977 Magnetism and Metallurgy of soft magnetic materials, North-Holland Publishing Company
[24] Dai D S, Qian K M 2000 Ferromagnetics (Science Press) p144 [戴道生, 钱昆明 2000 铁磁学 (科学出版社) 第144页]
[25] Shannon R D 1976 Acta Cryst. A 32 751
[26] Rietveld H M 1969 J. Appl. Cryst. 2 65
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[1] Silwal P, Miao L, Stern I, Zhou X, Hu J, Kim D H 2012 Appl. Phys. Lett. 100 032102
[2] Fritsch D, Ederer C 2011 Appl. Phys. Lett. 99 081916
[3] Zhang R C, Liu L, Xu X L 2011 Chin. Phys. B 20 086101
[4] Wang W J, Zang C G, Jiao Q J 2013 Chin. Phys. B 22 128101
[5] Zhou X, Hou Z L, Li Feng, Qi Xin 2010 Chin. Phys. Lett. 27 117501
[6] Huang Y L, Hou Y H, Zhao Y J, Liu Z W, Zeng D C, Ma S C 2013 Acta Phys. Sin. 62 167502 (in Chinese) [黄有林, 侯育花, 赵宇军, 刘仲武, 曾德长, 马胜灿 2013 62 167502]
[7] Bai Y, Ding L H, Zhang W F 2011 Acta Phys. Sin. 60 058201 (in Chinese) [白莹, 丁玲红, 张伟风 2011 60 058201]
[8] Lei J M, L L, Liu L, Xu X L 2011 Acta Phys. Sin. 60 017501 (in Chinese) [雷洁梅, 吕柳, 刘玲, 许小亮 2011 60 017501]
[9] Kale C M, Bardapurkar P P, Shukla S J, Jadhav K M 2013 J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 331 220
[10] Chand Prem, Srivastava Ramesh C, Upadhyay Anuj 2008 J. Alloy. Compd. 460 108
[11] Srivastava R C, Khan D C, Das A R 1990 Physical Review B 41 12514
[12] Heinrich H, Christian K, Ernst B 1996 J. Solid State Chem. 125 216
[13] Tang G D, Hou D L, Chen W, Zhao X, Qi W H 2007 Appl. Phys. Lett. 90 144101
[14] Tang G D, Ji D H, Yao Y X, Liu S P, Li Z Z, Qi W H, Han Q J, Hou X, Hou D L 2011 Appl. Phys. Lett. 98 072511
[15] Phillips J C 1970 Rev. Mod. Phys. 42 317
[16] Ji D H, Tang G D, Li Z Z, Hou X, Han Q J, Qi W H, Bian R R, Liu S R 2013 J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 326 197
[17] Ji D H 2013 PH. D. dissertations (Shijiazhuang: Hebei Normal University) (In Chinese) [纪登辉2013博士学位论文(石家庄: 河北师范大学)]
[18] Liu S R, Ji D H, Xu J, Li Z Z, Tang G D, Bian R R, Qi W H, Shang Z F, Zhang X Y 2013 J. Alloy. Compd. 581 616
[19] Tang G D, Han Q J, Xu J, Ji D H, Qi W H, Li Z Z, Shang Z F, Zhang X Y 2014 Physica B 438 91
[20] Zhang X Y, Xu J, Li Z Z, Qi W H, Tang G D, Shang Z F, Ji D H, Lang L L 2014 Physica B 446 92
[21] Shang Z F, Qi W H, Ji D H, Xu J, Tang G D, Zhang X Y, Li Z Z, Lang L L 2014 Chin. Phys. B 23 107503
[22] Soshin Chikazumi 1997 Physics of Ferromagnetism 2e (Oxford University Press) p111
[23] Chen C W 1977 Magnetism and Metallurgy of soft magnetic materials, North-Holland Publishing Company
[24] Dai D S, Qian K M 2000 Ferromagnetics (Science Press) p144 [戴道生, 钱昆明 2000 铁磁学 (科学出版社) 第144页]
[25] Shannon R D 1976 Acta Cryst. A 32 751
[26] Rietveld H M 1969 J. Appl. Cryst. 2 65
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