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With time delay under consideration, temperature correlation matrixes are constructed based on the reanalysis of temperature data provided by National Centers for Environmental Prediction/National Center for Atmospheric Research and European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts. Results indicate that the correlation of global temperature decreases with lag time, and the rate is dependent on time lag. We divide the lag time (1—30 d) into three segments, i.e., 1—7 d, 8—20 d and 21—30 d according to the decrease rate of global average correlation coefficient Cglb. When the lag time is in a specific interval (8—20 d), Cglb is unstable, which may explain the difficulty in long range weather forecast of 10—30 d. The spatial distribution of the global temperature correlation keeps stable for different lag times, while the numerical change shows zonal distribution on the whole, and that the most of Asia and the equatorial central and eastern Pacific show countertrend to other parts of similar latitudes.
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Keywords:
- temperature /
- correlation matrix /
- time delay
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[2] Lorenz E N 1993 The Essence of Chaos (Washington: University of Washington Press) p227
[3] Chou J F 2002 Nonlinear and Complexity in Atmosphere Science (Beijing: China Meteorological Press) p131 (in Chinese) [丑纪范 2002 大气科学中的非线性与复杂性 (北京:气象出版社) 第131页]
[4] Zhou X J 2005 Acta Meteor. Sin. 63 806 (in Chinese) [周秀骥 2005 气象学报 63 806]
[5] Lorenz E N 1969 J. Atmos. Sci. 26 636
[6] Lorenz E N 1969 Tellus 21 289
[7] Smagorinsky J 1969 Bull. Am. Meteor. Soc. 50 286
[8] Chen M X, Ji L R 1989 Acta Meteor. Sin. 47 147 (in Chinese) [陈明行、纪立人 1989 气象学报 47 147]
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[10] Wang H J, Chen L J, Li W J, Zhang P Q, Liu L L 2007 Acta Meteor. Sin. 65 725 (in Chinese) [王会军、陈丽娟、李维京、张培群、刘绿柳 2007 气象学报 65 725]
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[12] Fraedrich K 1987 J. Atmos. Sci. 44 722
[13] Keppenne C L, Nicolis C 1989 J. Atmos. Sci. 46 2356
[14] Wallace J M, Gutzler D S 1981 Mon. Wea. Rev. 109 784
[15] Li C Y, Zhou W, Jia X L, Wang X 2006 Adv. Atmos. Sci. 23 964
[16] Yu J H, Rong S Y, Ren J 2005 Sci. Meteor. Sin. 25 579 (in Chinese) [余锦华、荣淑艳、任 健 2005 气象科学 25 579]
[17] Yan H M, Xiao Z N 2001 Sci. Meteor. Sin. 21 54 (in Chinese) [晏红明、肖子牛 2001气象科学 21 54]
[18] Xie F Y, He J H 2003 J. Nanjing Inst. Meteor. 26 308 (in Chinese) [谢付莹、何金海2003 南京气象学院学报26 308]
[19] Guhr T, Muller-Groeling A, Weidenmuller H A 1998 Phys. Rep. 299 189
[20] Efetov K B 1997 Supersymmetry in Disorder and Chaos (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press)
[21] Santhanam M S, Patra P K 2001 Phys. Rev. E 64 016102
[22] Gong Z Q, Zhou L, Zhi R, Feng G L 2008 Acta Phys. Sin. 57 5351 (in Chinese) [龚志强、周 磊、支 蓉、封国林 2008 57 5351]
[23] Zhi R, Gong Z Q, Zheng Z H, Zhou L 2009 Acta Phys. Sin. 58 2113 (in Chinese) [支 蓉、龚志强、郑志海、周 磊 2009 58 2113]
[24] Wang X J, Gong Z Q, Zhou L, Zhi R 2009 Acta Phys. Sin. 58 6651 (in Chinese) [王晓娟、龚志强、周 磊、支 蓉 2009 58 6651]
[25] Zhou L, Zhi R, Feng A X, Gong Z Q 2010 Acta Phys. Sin. 59 6689 (in Chinese) [周 磊、支 蓉、冯爱霞、龚志强 2010 59 6689]
[26] Huang G 2006 Clim. Envir. Res. 11 310 (in Chinese) [黄 刚 2006气候与环境研究 11 310]
[27] Inoue T, Matsumoto J 2004 J. Meteor. Soc. Jpn. 82 951
[28] Josey S A 2001 J. Climate 14 1780
[29] Murirhead R J 1982 Aspects of Multivariate Statistical Theory (New York: Wiley) p308
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[1] Lorenz E N 1963 J. Atmos. Sci. 20 130
[2] Lorenz E N 1993 The Essence of Chaos (Washington: University of Washington Press) p227
[3] Chou J F 2002 Nonlinear and Complexity in Atmosphere Science (Beijing: China Meteorological Press) p131 (in Chinese) [丑纪范 2002 大气科学中的非线性与复杂性 (北京:气象出版社) 第131页]
[4] Zhou X J 2005 Acta Meteor. Sin. 63 806 (in Chinese) [周秀骥 2005 气象学报 63 806]
[5] Lorenz E N 1969 J. Atmos. Sci. 26 636
[6] Lorenz E N 1969 Tellus 21 289
[7] Smagorinsky J 1969 Bull. Am. Meteor. Soc. 50 286
[8] Chen M X, Ji L R 1989 Acta Meteor. Sin. 47 147 (in Chinese) [陈明行、纪立人 1989 气象学报 47 147]
[9] Simmons A J, Mureau R, Petroliagis T 1995 Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc. 121 1739
[10] Wang H J, Chen L J, Li W J, Zhang P Q, Liu L L 2007 Acta Meteor. Sin. 65 725 (in Chinese) [王会军、陈丽娟、李维京、张培群、刘绿柳 2007 气象学报 65 725]
[11] Fraedrich K 1986 J. Atmos. Sci. 43 419
[12] Fraedrich K 1987 J. Atmos. Sci. 44 722
[13] Keppenne C L, Nicolis C 1989 J. Atmos. Sci. 46 2356
[14] Wallace J M, Gutzler D S 1981 Mon. Wea. Rev. 109 784
[15] Li C Y, Zhou W, Jia X L, Wang X 2006 Adv. Atmos. Sci. 23 964
[16] Yu J H, Rong S Y, Ren J 2005 Sci. Meteor. Sin. 25 579 (in Chinese) [余锦华、荣淑艳、任 健 2005 气象科学 25 579]
[17] Yan H M, Xiao Z N 2001 Sci. Meteor. Sin. 21 54 (in Chinese) [晏红明、肖子牛 2001气象科学 21 54]
[18] Xie F Y, He J H 2003 J. Nanjing Inst. Meteor. 26 308 (in Chinese) [谢付莹、何金海2003 南京气象学院学报26 308]
[19] Guhr T, Muller-Groeling A, Weidenmuller H A 1998 Phys. Rep. 299 189
[20] Efetov K B 1997 Supersymmetry in Disorder and Chaos (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press)
[21] Santhanam M S, Patra P K 2001 Phys. Rev. E 64 016102
[22] Gong Z Q, Zhou L, Zhi R, Feng G L 2008 Acta Phys. Sin. 57 5351 (in Chinese) [龚志强、周 磊、支 蓉、封国林 2008 57 5351]
[23] Zhi R, Gong Z Q, Zheng Z H, Zhou L 2009 Acta Phys. Sin. 58 2113 (in Chinese) [支 蓉、龚志强、郑志海、周 磊 2009 58 2113]
[24] Wang X J, Gong Z Q, Zhou L, Zhi R 2009 Acta Phys. Sin. 58 6651 (in Chinese) [王晓娟、龚志强、周 磊、支 蓉 2009 58 6651]
[25] Zhou L, Zhi R, Feng A X, Gong Z Q 2010 Acta Phys. Sin. 59 6689 (in Chinese) [周 磊、支 蓉、冯爱霞、龚志强 2010 59 6689]
[26] Huang G 2006 Clim. Envir. Res. 11 310 (in Chinese) [黄 刚 2006气候与环境研究 11 310]
[27] Inoue T, Matsumoto J 2004 J. Meteor. Soc. Jpn. 82 951
[28] Josey S A 2001 J. Climate 14 1780
[29] Murirhead R J 1982 Aspects of Multivariate Statistical Theory (New York: Wiley) p308
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