量子材料的弗洛凯调控

鲍昌华; 范本澍; 汤沛哲; 段文晖; 周树云

doi:10.7498/aps.72.20231423

摘要

基于光-物质强相互作用的弗洛凯调控有望在超快时间尺度上驱动量子材料进入非平衡态, 进而调控它们的电子结构和物理特性, 实现平衡态所不具有的新奇物理效应. 近年来, 弗洛凯调控备受研究人员关注, 理论方面已有大量丰富的预言; 实验方面, 拓扑绝缘体、石墨烯、黑磷等几个代表性材料的弗洛凯调控也取得了一些重要的研究进展. 本文简略介绍该领域取得的理论和实验方面的重要进展, 并对研究前景、实验挑战及发展方向进行展望.

关键词:

Abstract

Floquet engineering based on the strong light-matter interaction is expected to drive quantum materials into nonequilibrium states on an ultrafast timescale, thereby engineering their electronic structure and physical properties, and achieving novel physical effects which have no counterpart in equilibrium states. In recent years, Floquet engineering has attracted a lot of research interest, and there have been numerous rich theoretical predictions. In addition, important experimental research progress has also been made in several representative materials such as topological insulators, graphene, and black phosphorus. Herein, we briefly introduce the important theoretical and experimental progress in this field, and prospect the research future, experimental challenges, and development directions.

Keywords:

作者及机构信息

1.
清华大学物理系, 北京　100084

2.
清华大学, 低维量子物理国家重点实验室, 北京　100084

3.
北京航空航天大学材料科学与工程学院, 北京　100191

4.
马克斯·普朗克物质结构与动力学研究所, 汉堡　22761, 德国

5.
清华大学高等研究院, 北京　100084

通信作者: 周树云, syzhou@mail.tsinghua.edu.cn

Authors and contacts

1.
Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China

2.
State Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Quantum Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China

3.
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China

4.
Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter, Hamburg 22761, Germany

5.
Institute for Advanced Study, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China

Corresponding author: Zhou Shu-Yun, syzhou@mail.tsinghua.edu.cn

文章全文

参考文献

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施引文献

图 1 (a) 实空间周期性导致电子能带在动量空间的复制示意图; (b)时间周期性导致电子在能量维度的复制示意图; (c)弗洛凯调控示意图^[7]

Fig. 1. (a) Spatially periodic potential and Bloch bands in the k-space; (b) time-periodic potential and Floquet bands in energy; (c) schematics for Floquet engineering^[7].

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 (a)弗洛凯调控诱导的拓扑相变^[7]; (b)在周期光场驱动前后的转角石墨烯平带电子结构^[47]; (c)交换作用强度变化随时间的演化曲线^[44]; (d)弗洛凯调控调节材料磁性的示意图^[48]

Fig. 2. (a) Floquet engineering induced topological phase transition^[7]; (b) flat band of twisted graphene before and after light driving^[47]; (c) the evolution of exchange strength with time^[44]; (d) a schematic for manipulating magnetic properties of materials by Floquet engineering^[48].

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 (a)单层WS₂中观测到的能谷选择的光学斯塔克效应^[49]; (b) MnPS₃中观测到的弗洛凯调控对于光学非线性系数的调控^[52]; (c)石墨烯中观测到光诱导的反常霍尔效应^[53]; (d)石墨烯-铝约瑟夫森结中在微波激发下的复制隧穿谱^[54]

Fig. 3. (a) Observation of valley selective optical stark effect in monolayer WS₂^[49]; (b) manipulation of optical nonlinear coefficients in MnPS₃ by Floquet engineering^[52]; (c) observation of light-induced anomalous Hall effect in graphene^[53]; (d) replica tunneling spectrum under the excitation of microwaves in graphene-aluminum Josephson junction^[54].

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 (a)拓扑绝缘体Bi₂Se₃的超快电子能谱, 实现弗洛凯能带调控^[58,59]; (b)拓扑绝缘体Bi₂Te₃的亚周期分辨的超快电子能谱和弗洛凯边带的形成过程^[60]; (c)半导体黑磷的超快电子能谱, 实现弗洛凯能带调控^[61]

Fig. 4. (a) TrARPES spectra of Floquet engineering in topological insulator Bi₂Se₃^[58,59]; (b) sub-cycle resolved TrARPES spectra of topological insulator Bi₂Te₃ to show the formation of Floquet sidebands^[60]; (c) TrARPES spectra of Floquet engineering in a semiconductor black phosphorus^[61].

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

map

[1]	Warren B E 1990 X-Ray Diffraction(Courier Corporation
[2]	Long D A 1977 Raman Spectroscopy (New York and London: McGraw-Hill
[3]	Henderson B, Imbusch G F 2006 Optical Spectroscopy of Inorganic Solids (Cambridge: Oxford University Press
[4]	Damascelli A, Hussain Z, Shen Z X 2003 Rev. Mod. Phys. 75 473 Google Scholar
[5]	Hüfner S 2013 Photoelectron Spectroscopy: Principles and Applications (Springer Science & Business Media
[6]	Basov D N, Averitt R D, Hsieh D 2017 Nat. Mater. 16 1077 Google Scholar
[7]	Bao C H, Tang P Z, Sun D, Zhou S Y 2021 Nat. Rev. Phys. 4 33 Google Scholar
[8]	Oka T, Aoki H 2009 Phys. Rev. B 79 081406(R Google Scholar
[9]	Kitagawa T, Oka T, Brataas A, Fu L, Demler E 2011 Phys. Rev. B 84 235108 Google Scholar
[10]	Lindner N H, Refael G, Galitski V 2011 Nat. Phys. 7 490 Google Scholar
[11]	Ashcroft N W, Mermin N D 1976 Solid State Physics (Philadelphia: Saunders College
[12]	Sambe H 1973 Phys. Rev. A 7 2203 Google Scholar
[13]	Haldane F D M 1988 Phys. Rev. Lett. 61 2015 Google Scholar
[14]	Oka T, Kitamura S 2019 Annu. Rev. Condens. Matter Phys. 10 387 Google Scholar
[15]	Rudner M S, Lindner N H 2020 Nat. Rev. Phys. 2 229 Google Scholar
[16]	de la Torre A, Kennes D M, Claassen M, Gerber S, McIver J W, Sentef M A 2021 Rev. Mod. Phys. 93 041002 Google Scholar
[17]	Eckardt A 2017 Rev. Mod. Phys. 89 011004 Google Scholar
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