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中国物理学会期刊

    双配体策略制备大气环境下性能稳定的CsPbIBr2光电探测器

    Air-stable CsPbIBr2photodetector via dual-ligand-assisted solution strategy

    CSTR: 32037.14.aps.71.20212143
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    • 大气环境下溶液法制备的CsPbIBr 2钙钛矿薄膜存在薄膜覆盖率低、结晶度差和性能不稳定性等问题. 为此, 本文提出了一种双配体(卵磷脂(L-α-phosphatidylcholine, LP)和硫氰酸铵(NH 4SCN))策略, 可在相对湿度不高于60%的大气环境下, 利用喷涂法制备出高结晶质量、结构稳定的钙钛矿薄膜. 这是由于卵磷脂能够有效降低钙钛矿前驱体溶液的表面张力, 提高CsPbIBr 2钙钛矿薄膜的覆盖率, 并在CsPbIBr 2钙钛矿薄膜表面形成一层隔绝水氧的保护层; 但同时也会减小晶粒尺寸, 形成大量的晶界, 造成载流子传输不利. 而NH 4SCN能够克服卵磷脂的不足, 增大晶粒尺寸, 提高钙钛矿材料的电学特性. 这样, 制备出的未封装CsPbIBr 2钙钛矿光电探测器(ITO/CsPbIBr 2/Au)具有低暗电流密度 (2×10 –4mA·cm –2)、微秒级别的响应时间(20, 21 µs)和长效稳定性(在相对湿度为40%—60%的大气环境下, 储存70天后, 仍能保持原光暗电流初始值的81%)等特性.

      The CsPbIBr 2perovskite films deposited from the precursor solutions in air, usually suffer poor surface coverage and air-stability due to the uncontrolled nucleation and the existence of I during the film formation, resulting in terrible photoelectric characteristics and reproducibility. At present, the high-quality CsPbIBr 2films are prepared under nitrogen atmosphere, which results in the increase of the cost and thus impedes their applications in air. Here in this work, we propose a strategy for growing the perovskite films with low defect density and better stability in air via dual-ligand-assisted (ligand 1 (LP) and ligand 2 (NH 4SCN)) solution strategy. These ligands contain some organic molecules which have strong interaction with ions on the surface of perovskite thin film in order to regulate the addition of precursor ions onto the films. The high-quality CsPbIBr 2thin films are prepared in air with relative humidity of ≤60% by the spraying method. The results indicate that ligand 1 with hydrophilic group and hydrophobic group, a kind of surfactant, can effectively reduce the surface tension of perovskite precursor solution, improve the coverage of CsPbIBr 2perovskite film, and form a block layer of water and oxygen. However, the addition of ligand 1 in precursor solution inevitably introduces many grain boundaries, which is unfavorable for carrier transport and collection. Thus, ligand 2 is employed to control the nucleation of perovskite film as another ligand, resulting in reducing the point defect formation. Their combination is beneficial to forming the uniform perovskite film with large-size crystal and low-density defect. The high-quality crystallization of the perovskite film is found to simultaneously enhance the response and the durability of photodetectors. Thus, the unpackaged photodetectors (ITO/CsPbIBr 2/Au) based on this strategy yield the outstanding photoelectric response under the excitation of 405 nm laser. This device exhibits a low dark current density of 2 × 10 –4mA/cm 2, a fast response time of 20–21 µs, and high stability (81%, ≥70 d) in air with a relative humidity of 40%–60%. Hence, this study provides a simple method to prepare high-quality CsPbIBr 2perovskite thin films with low-density defect and realize air-stable and charge-transport-layer-free CsPbIBr 2photodetectors for practical applications in photoelectric detection field.

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