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提出并验证了一种高灵敏度复合环形腔结构的激光拍频位移传感技术方案. 该方案采用环形腔复合直腔的谐振腔结构, 利用激光拍频传感原理实现传感系统信号的解调. 该结构通过掺饵光纤放大器提供增益, 采用光纤布拉格光栅作为传感头兼直腔反射镜, 利用π相移光栅进行窄带滤波. 理论分析结果表明激光拍频频率随传感头应变的增加线性减小; 实验结果显示, 当监测频率为1.7483 GHz时, 传感器的灵敏度达到了86.19 kHz/mm, 线性拟合度为0.9973, 最小可分辨位移为10 μm左右, 该系统同时具有空间位置分辨的潜力. 结果表明所提出的新型位移传感方案是可行的, 结构紧凑、简单实用、灵敏度高, 为将来实现高精度、微型化以及分布式传感系统打下基础.A novel fiber sensor based compound ring laser cavity with linear variation of frequency is proposed and demonstrated experimentally. The compound ring laser cavity is comprised of a ring cavity and a straight cavity. This system can generate the beat frequency spectrum by employing an erbium doped fiber amplifier, a fiber Bragg grating is used as a sensor head and the straight cavity reflector, a π phase shifted fiber Bragg grating serves as a microwave photonic passband filter. The principle of the proposed sensor is theoretically analyzed, showing that as the displacement increases the beat frequency decreases, and there exists a linear relationship between displacement change and beat frequency shift. In experiment, it is shown that the sensor has a high sensitivity of about 86.19 kHz/mm and can achieve a good linear response (R2 = 0.9973), and that the minimum monitored displacement is about 10 μm. The measurement results demonstrate that the sensor is accurate, sensitive, and the proposed sensor system has a compact and simple structure, which makes it convenient for more applications in future.
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图 1 位移传感方案原理图
Fig. 1. Schematic diagram of the proposed fiber laser displacement sensor.
图 2 π-FBG反射谱与激光器纵模关系
Fig. 2. Fiber laser cavity’s excited longitudinal modes controlled by π-FBG’s bandwidth.
图 3 (a) Filter, FBG与π-FBG的光谱; (b) 激光复合谐振腔光谱
Fig. 3. (a) Optical spectra of Filter, FBG and π-FBG; (b) optical spectrum of the compound ring laser sensor cavity.
图 5 (a) 直腔拍频频谱图; (b) 复合环形腔拍频频谱图
Fig. 5. (a) Beat frequency spectrum of straight cavity; (b) beat frequency spectrum of compound ring laser cavity.
图 6 位移与频移关系图
Fig. 6. Beat signal spectra shifts as a function of displacement variations.
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[1] Liu Y, Qin Q, Liu H H, Tan Z W, Wang M G 2018 Opt. Fiber Technol. 46 48
Google Scholar
[2] Xu Y L, Zhang X H, Zhu S Y, Zhan S 2016 Sci. Bull. 61 313
Google Scholar
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Google Scholar
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Google Scholar
[5] Tanaka Y, Furukawa O, Tsuchiya K 2018 Appl. Phys. Express 11 112501
Google Scholar
[6] Guo T, Liu F, Guan B O, Albert J 2016 Opt. Laser Technol. 78 19
Google Scholar
[7] Ahmad H, Aidit S N, Ooi S I, Tiu Z C 2018 IEEE Sens. J. 18 8275
Google Scholar
[8] Kim H H, Choi S J, Jeon K S, Pan J K 2016 Sensors 16 1
Google Scholar
[9] Kisala P, Harasim D, Mroczka J 2016 Opt. Express 24 29922
Google Scholar
[10] Huang B S, Xiong S S, Chen Z S, Zhu S F, Zhang H, Huang X C, Feng Y H, Gao S C, Chen S, Liu W P, Li Z H 2019 IEEE Sens. J. 19 5632
Google Scholar
[11] Liu Z G, Zhang X P, Gong Z F, Zhang Y, Peng W 2016 IEEE Photonics Technol. Lett. 28 1723
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Google Scholar
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Google Scholar
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Google Scholar
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Google Scholar
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Google Scholar
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Google Scholar
Song L J, Zhang P F, Wang X, Wang C X, Li G, Zhang T C 2019 Acta Phys. Sin. 68 074204
Google Scholar
[20] Guo Y, Liu S J, Ni Y, Wu H D, Chen, X F 2019 Opt. Express 27 11776
Google Scholar
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