铋层状氧化物单晶薄膜多铁性研究进展

翟晓芳; 云宇; 孟德超; 崔璋璋; 黄浩亮; 王建林; 陆亚林

doi:10.7498/aps.67.20181159

摘要

室温单相多铁材料非常稀缺，磁性元素掺杂的铋层状钙钛矿结构Aurivillius相氧化物是一类重要的单相室温多铁材料，但由于缺少单晶类样品，这一类多铁材料研究主要是围绕多晶类块体或者多晶薄膜展开，它们的磁、电等性能研究大都采用宏观探测方式，因此这类多铁材料的多铁性机理研究进行得非常困难.近年来在高质量单晶薄膜的基础上，研究了多种磁性元素掺杂和不同周期结构的铋层状氧化物多铁单晶薄膜.这些单晶薄膜在室温下大都具有层状面面内方向的铁电极化，以及比较小的室温磁化强度，低温区存在第二个磁性相变.通过X射线共振非弹性散射实验发现元素掺杂会改变金属和氧原子之间的氧八面体晶体场的劈裂，能够增强铁磁性.另一方面，通过极化中子反射实验发现薄膜主体的磁化强度远小于通常探测的宏观磁化强度，说明单晶薄膜中磁的来源及其磁电耦合机理和多晶块体很可能是不同的.铋层状单晶薄膜的多铁性对未来继续改善这类材料的多铁性能有很好的指导作用.

关键词:

Abstract

Room temperature multiferroics with a single phase is very rare, and magnetic elements doped Bi-layered Aurivillius oxides are an important family of room temperature single phase multiferroics. However, due to the lack of single crystalline samples, the multiferroic related researches of these materials are mostly based on polycrystalline bulk or thin film samples. And the multiferroic characterizations are performed mostly by using the bulk type of samples. Therefore the studies of the origin and mechanism of the multiferroicity of these materials are extremely difficult. Recently, multiple magnetic elements doped singlecrystalline thin films have been successfully prepared, which makes it possible to study the physics mechanism of the Bi-layered Aurivillius oxides of multiferroicity. The current study shows that most of the single-crystalline thin films exhibit in-plane orientated spontaneous ferroelectric polarization and very weak room temperature magnetism. Moreover, at low temperatures the single-crystalline films exhibit a second magnetic transition. The resonant inelastic X-ray scattering experiments indicate that the doped structure exhibits a changed crystal field split, which may enhance the weak ferromagnetism through Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction. On the other hand, the polarized neutron reflectivity experiments reveal that the single-crystalline thin film possesses much weaker room temperature magnetism than the bulk sample, which indicates that the origin of the magnetism and the magnetoelectric coupling in the single-crystalline samples are different from those in the polycrystalline samples. The current study of the multiferroicity in the single-crystalline Bi-layered Aurivillius thin film opens the road to designing better multiferroic systems of the Aurivillius materials.

Keywords:

作者及机构信息

1.
中国科学技术大学, 合肥微尺度物质科学国家研究中心, 合肥 230026;

2.
中国科学技术大学, 国家同步辐射实验室, 合肥 230026

通信作者: 翟晓芳, xfzhai@ustc.edu.cn;yllu@ustc.edu.cn ; 陆亚林, xfzhai@ustc.edu.cn;yllu@ustc.edu.cn

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金（批准号：51627901）、国家重点基础研究发展计划（批准号：2012CB922000）、国家重点研发计划（批准号：2016YFA0401004，2017YFA0402904）、量子通信与量子计算机重大项目引导性项目（批准号：AHY100000）和中国科学院重大科技基础设施开放研究项目资助的课题.

Authors and contacts

1.
Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China;

2.
National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China

Corresponding author: Zhai Xiao-Fang, xfzhai@ustc.edu.cn;yllu@ustc.edu.cn ; Lu Ya-Lin, xfzhai@ustc.edu.cn;yllu@ustc.edu.cn

Funds: Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 51627901), the National Basic Research Program of China (Grant No. 2012CB922000), the National Key Research and Development Program of China (Grant Nos. 2016YFA0401004, 2017YFA0402904), the Anhui Initiative in Quantum Information Technologies (Grant No. AHY100000), and the Open Programs for the Key Science Technology Infrastructures of Chinese Academy of Sciences.

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施引文献

[1]	Fiebig M, Lottermoser T, Meier D, Trassin M 2016 Nat. Rev. Mater. 1 16046
[2]	Eerenstein W, Mathur N D, Scott J F 2006 Nature 442 759
[3]	Jia T, Cheng Z, Zhao H, Kimura H 2018 Appl. Phy. Rev. 5 021102
[4]	Wang Y, Hu J, Lin Y, Nan C 2010 NPG Asia Mater. 2 61
[5]	Liu J M, Nan C W 2014 Physics 43 88 (in Chinese) [刘俊明, 南策文 2014 物理 43 88]
[6]	Hu J, Chen L, Nan C 2016 Adv. Mater. 28 15
[7]	Hill N A 2000 J. Phys. Chem. B 104 6694
[8]	Wang J, Neaton J B, Zheng H, Nagarajan V, Ogale S B, Liu B, Viehland D, Vaithyanathan V, Schlom D G, Waghmare U V, Spaldin N A, Rabe K M, Wuttig M, Ramesh R 2003 Science 299 1719
[9]	Khomskii D 2009 Physics 2 20
[10]	Heron J T, Bosse J L, He Q, Gao Y, Trassin M, Ye L, Clarkson J D, Wang C, Liu J, Salahuddin S, Ralph D C, Schlom D G, iguez J, Huey B D, Ramesh R 2014 Nature 516 370
[11]	Ikeda N, Ohsumi H, Ohwada K, Ishii K, Inami T, Kakurai K, Murakami Y, Yoshii K, Mori S, Horibe Y, Kito H 2005 Nature 436 1136
[12]	Kitagawa Y, Hiraoka Y, Honda T, Ishikura T, Nakamura H, Kimura T 2010 Nat. Mater. 9 797
[13]	Lee S, Pirogov A, Kang M, Jang K, Yonemura M, Kamiyama T, Cheong S W, Gozzo F, Shin N, Kimura H, Noda Y, Park J 2008 Nature 451 805
[14]	Dong S, Liu J M, Cheong S W, Ren Z F 2015 Adv. Phys. 64 519
[15]	Xiang H, Wei S, Whangbo M, Da Silva J L F 2008 Phys. Rev. Lett. 101 037209
[16]	Yu P, Lee J, Okamoto S, et al. 2010 Phys. Rev. Lett. 105 027201
[17]	Yu P, Chu Y, Ramesh R 2012 Philos. Trans. Royal Soc. A 370 4856
[18]	Dong S, Yu R, Yunoki S, Liu J M, Dagotto E 2008 Phys. Rev. B 78 155121
[19]	Nan C, Bichurin M, Dong S, Viehland D, Srinivasan G 2008 J. Appl. Phys. 103 031101
[20]	Li Q, Wang D, Cao Q, Du Y 2017 Chin. Phys. B 26 097502
[21]	Niu L, Chen C, Dong X, Xing H, Luo B, Jin K 2016 Chin. Phys. B 25 107701
[22]	Shi Z, Liu X, Li S 2017 Chin. Phys. B 26 097601
[23]	Mao X, Wang W, Chen X, Lu Y 2009 Appl. Phys. Lett. 95 082901
[24]	Wang J, Fu Z, Peng R, Liu M, Sun S, Huang H, Li L, Knize R J, Lu Y 2015 Mater. Horiz. 2 232
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[26]	Schmidt M, Amann A, Keeney L, et al. 2014 Sci. Rep. 4 5712
[27]	Sun S, Ling Y, Peng R, Liu M, Mao X, Chen X, Knize R J, Lu Y L 2013 RSC Adv. 3 18567
[28]	Yang J, Tong W, Liu Z, Zhu X, Dai J, Song W, Yang Z, Sun Y 2012 Phys. Rev. B 86 104410
[29]	Yun Y, Zhai X, Ma C, et al. 2015 Appl. Phys. Express 8 054001
[30]	Yun Y, Ma C, Zhai X, et al. 2015 Appl. Phys. Lett. 107 011602
[31]	Meng D, Tao S, Huang H, et al. 2017 J. Appl. Phys. 121 114107
[32]	Cui Z, Xu H, Yun Y, et al. 2016 J. Appl. Phys. 120 084101
[33]	Meng D, Zhai X, Ma C, et al. 2015 Appl. Phys. Lett. 106 212906
[34]	Cui Z, Zhai X, Chuang Y D, et al. 2017 Phys. Rev. B 95 205102
[35]	Zhai X, Grutter A, Yun Y, Cui Z, Lu Y 2018 Phys. Rev. Mater. 2 044405
[36]	Zheng H, Zhan Q, Zavaliche F, Sherburne M, Straub F, Cruz M, Chen L, Dahmen U, Ramesh R 2006 Nano Lett. 6 1401
[37]	Imai A, Cheng X, Xin H, et al. 2013 ACS Nano 7 11079
[38]	Hikita Y, Nishikawa M, Yajima T, Hwang H 2009 Phys. Rev. B 79 073101
[39]	Kalinin S, Jesse S, Tselev A, Baddorf A, Balke N 2011 ACS Nano 5 5683
[40]	Watanabe T, Funakubo H 2006 J. Appl. Phys. 100 051602
[41]	Zhang P, Deepak N, Keeney L, Pemble M, Whatmore R 2012 Appl. Phys. Lett. 101 112903
[42]	Kotani A, Shin S 2001 Rev. Mod. Phys. 73 203
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[44]	Vayssieres L, Sathe C, Butorin S, Shuh D, Nordgren J, Guo J 2005 Adv. Mater. 17 2320
[45]	Monney C, Uldry A, Zhou K, et al. 2013 Phys. Rev. B 88 165103
[46]	Yang W, Sorini A, Chen C, et al. 2009 Phys. Rev. B 80 014508
[47]	Magnuson M, Butorin S, Guo J, Nordgren J 2002 Phys. Rev. B 65 205106
[48]	Marusak L, Messier R, White W 1980 J. Phys. Chem. Solids 41 981
[49]	van Schooneveld M, Kurian R, Juhin A, et al. 2012 J. Phys. Chem. C 116 15218
[50]	de Groot F 2005 Coord. Chem. Rev. 249 31
[51]	Moretti Sala M, Rossi M, Boseggia S, et al. 2014 Phys. Rev. B 89 121101
[52]	Yang J, Yin L, Liu Z, Zhu X, Song W, Dai J, Yang Z, Sun Y 2012 Appl. Phys. Lett. 101 012402
[53]	Palizdar M, Comyn T, Ward M, et al. 2012 J. Appl. Phys. 112 073919
[54]	Liu Z, Yang J, Tang X, Yin H, Zhu X, Dai J, Sun Y 2012 Appl. Phys. Lett. 101 122402
[55]	Li Z, Ma J, Gao Z, et al. 2016 Dalton Trans. 45 14049
[56]	Felcher G 1981 Phys. Rev. B 24 1595
[57]	Penfold J, Thomas R 1990 J. Phys. Condens. Matter 2 1369
[58]	Blundell S, Bland J 1992 Phys. Rev. B 46 3391
[59]	Vaz C, Bland J, Lauhoff G 2008 Rep. Prog. Phys. 71 056501
[60]	Kirby B, Kienzle P, Maranville B, Berk N, Krycka J, Heinrich F, Majkrzak C 2012 Curr. Opin. Colloid Interface Sci. 17 44
[61]	Birenbaum A, Ederer C 2014 Phys. Rev. B 90 214109

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