飞秒激光成丝诱导Cu等离子体的温度和电子密度

杨大鹏; 李苏宇; 姜远飞; 陈安民; 金明星

doi:10.7498/aps.66.115201

摘要

研究了飞秒激光成丝诱导铜击穿光谱，利用光发射光谱对产生的铜等离子体光谱强度沿着丝长度进行了测量，获得了在不同样品与聚焦透镜间距离的Cu（I）的强度分布.结果显示，由于强度钳箍效应成丝诱导的光谱在较大的透镜样品间距离范围内有较强的辐射强度.另外，利用玻尔兹曼图和斯塔克展宽计算了整个成丝繁衍距离中Cu等离子体温度和电子密度.

关键词:

Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS), which is also known as laser-induced plasma spectroscopy (LIPS), is a very promising spectral analysis technique for detecting elemental composition. The possibility of remote operation of LIBS is one of the properties, which expands the application scope of this technique. The remote LIBS technique is based on a long-range lens. With the increase of focusing distance, it is difficult to tightly focus laser pulse due to the diffraction limits. The size of focusing spot increases with focusing distance increasing. This will require extremely high laser energy. Femtosecond laser filamentation due to optical Kerr effect can be applied to the remote LIBS. During the filament propagation, the waist of laser beam is close to a constant value. The laser intensity inside the filament is about 1013 W/cm2 (intensity clamping). The intensity is sufficient to ablate sample and produce the plasma. It can overcome the influence of the diffraction limit in nanosecond LIBS. Although many researchers have studied the femtosecond geometrical focusing and femtosecond filamentation LIBSs, the spectral characteristics have not been completely understood. In this paper, we study the femtosecond laser filament-induced Cu plasma spectroscopy. Femtosecond laser system is an ultrafast Ti:sapphire amplifier (Coherent Libra). The full-width at the half maximum is 50 fs at a wavelength of 800 nm with a repetition rate of 1 kHz and its output energy is 3.5 mJ. A quartz lens with a focal length of 1 m is used to focus the laser to generate a filament channel. The spectral intensity of produced Cu plasma along the filament channel is measured by using the optical emission spectroscopy, and the distribution of Cu(I) intensity versus the distance between sample and focused lens is obtained. The results indicate that in a longer distance range along the filament, plasma spectroscopy has stronger emission due to the intensity clamping effect in femtosecond laser filamentation. In addition, we also calculate the plasma temperature and electron density by using the Boltzmann plot and the Stark broadening. The plasma temperature and electron density along the filament channel can be divided into three main regions: region 1) from 950 mm to 970 mm, in which the plasma temperature and electron density increase with the increase of distance; region 2) from 970 mm to 1030 mm, in which the change of plasma excitation temperature is opposite to the change of electron density; region 3) from 1030 mm to 1050 mm, in which the plasma temperature and electron density decrease with the increase of distance.

Keywords:

作者及机构信息

1.
吉林大学仪器科学与电气工程学院, 地球信息探测仪器教育部重点实验室, 长春 130012;

2.
吉林大学原子与分子物理研究所, 长春 130012;

3.
吉林省应用原子分子光谱重点实验室, 长春 130012

通信作者: 陈安民, amchen@jlu.edu.cn ; 金明星, mxjin@jlu.edu.cn

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金（批准号：11674128，11474129，11504129）、吉林省科技发展计划（批准号：20170101063JC）和吉林省教育厅“十三五”科学研究规划项目（批准号：2016[400]）资助的课题.

Authors and contacts

1.
Key Laboratory of Geo-exploration Instrumentation Ministry of Education, College of Instrumentation and Electrical Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China;

2.
Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China;

3.
Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Atomic and Molecular Spectroscopy (Jilin University), Changchun 130012, China

Corresponding author: Chen An-Min, amchen@jlu.edu.cn ; Jin Ming-Xing, mxjin@jlu.edu.cn

Funds: Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 11674128, 11474129, 11504129), the Jilin Province Scientific and Technological Development Program, China (Grant No. 20170101063JC), and the Thirteenth Five-Year Scientific and Technological Research Project of the Education Department of Jilin Province, China (Grant No. 2016[400]).

参考文献

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[8]	Li S Y, Guo F M, Song Y, Chen A M, Yang Y J, Jin M X 2014 Phys. Rev. A 89 3732
[9]	Chin S L 2010 Femtosecond Laser Filamentation (New York: Springer)
[10]	Durand M, Houard A, Prade B, Mysyrowicz A, Durecu A, Moreau B, Fleury D, Vasseur O, Borchert H, Diener K 2013 Opt. Express 21 26836
[11]	Xu S, Bernhardt J, Sharifi M, Liu W, Chin S L 2012 Laser Phys. 22 195
[12]	Xu S, Zheng Y, Liu Y, Liu W 2010 Laser Phys. 20 1968
[13]	Harilal S S, Yeak J, Brumfield B E, Phillips M C 2016 Opt. Express 24 17941
[14]	Stelmaszczyk K, Rohwetter P, Mejean G, Yu J, Salmon E, Kasparian J, Ackermann R, Wolf J P, Woste L 2004 Appl. Phys. Lett. 85 3977
[15]	Gao X, Du C, Li C, Liu L, Song C, Hao Z Q, Lin J Q 2014 Acta Phys. Sin. 63 095203 (in Chinese) [高勋, 杜闯, 李丞, 刘潞, 宋超, 郝作强, 林景全 2014 63 095203]
[16]	Zhang Y W, Gao X, Zhang Y, Song C, Lin J Q 2015 Acta Phys. Sin. 64 175203 (in Chinese) [张亚维, 高勋, 张原, 宋超, 林景全 2015 64 175203]
[17]	Labutin T A, Lednev V N, Ilyin A A, Popov A M 2015 J. Anal. Atom. Spectrom. 30 90
[18]	Chen A, Jiang Y, Wang T, Shao J, Jin M 2015 Phys. Plasmas 22 033301
[19]	Wang Y, Chen A, Li S, Sui L, Liu D, Tian D, Jiang Y, Jin M 2016 J. Anal. Atom. Spectrom. 31 497
[20]	Wiese W L, Fuhr J R, Lesage A, Konjevic, N 2002 J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data 31 819
[21]	Fu N, Xu D G, Zhang G Z, Yao J Q 2015 Chin. J. Lasers 42 0202003 (in Chinese) [付宁, 徐德刚, 张贵忠, 姚建铨 2015 中国激光 42 0202003]

施引文献

[1]	Miziolek A W, Palleschi V, Schechter I 1997 Crit. Rev. Anal. Chem. 27 257
[2]	Winefordner J D, Gornushkin I B, Correll T, Gibb E, Smith B W, Omenetto N 2004 J. Anal. Atom. Spectrom. 19 1061
[3]	Lu C P, Liu W Q, Zhao N J, Liu L T, Chen D, Zhang Y J, Liu J G 2011 Acta Phys. Sin. 60 045206 (in Chinese) [鲁翠萍, 刘文清, 赵南京, 刘力拓, 陈东, 张玉钧, 刘建国 2011 60 045206]
[4]	Fortes F J, Moros J, Lucena P, Cabalín L M, Laserna J J 2013 Anal. Chem. 85 640
[5]	Wu Y Q, Liu J, Mo X X, Sun T, Liu M H 2017 Acta Phys. Sin. 66 054206 (in Chinese) [吴宜青, 刘津, 莫欣欣, 孙通, 刘木华 2017 66 054206]
[6]	Rohwetter P, Stelmaszczyk K, Woste L, Ackermann R, Méjean G, Salmon E, Kasparianb J, Yub J, Wolf J P 2005 Spectrochim. Acta B 60 1025
[7]	Xu H L, Bernhardt J, Mathieu P, Roy G, Chin S L 2007 J. Appl. Phys. 101 033124
[8]	Li S Y, Guo F M, Song Y, Chen A M, Yang Y J, Jin M X 2014 Phys. Rev. A 89 3732
[9]	Chin S L 2010 Femtosecond Laser Filamentation (New York: Springer)
[10]	Durand M, Houard A, Prade B, Mysyrowicz A, Durecu A, Moreau B, Fleury D, Vasseur O, Borchert H, Diener K 2013 Opt. Express 21 26836
[11]	Xu S, Bernhardt J, Sharifi M, Liu W, Chin S L 2012 Laser Phys. 22 195
[12]	Xu S, Zheng Y, Liu Y, Liu W 2010 Laser Phys. 20 1968
[13]	Harilal S S, Yeak J, Brumfield B E, Phillips M C 2016 Opt. Express 24 17941
[14]	Stelmaszczyk K, Rohwetter P, Mejean G, Yu J, Salmon E, Kasparian J, Ackermann R, Wolf J P, Woste L 2004 Appl. Phys. Lett. 85 3977
[15]	Gao X, Du C, Li C, Liu L, Song C, Hao Z Q, Lin J Q 2014 Acta Phys. Sin. 63 095203 (in Chinese) [高勋, 杜闯, 李丞, 刘潞, 宋超, 郝作强, 林景全 2014 63 095203]
[16]	Zhang Y W, Gao X, Zhang Y, Song C, Lin J Q 2015 Acta Phys. Sin. 64 175203 (in Chinese) [张亚维, 高勋, 张原, 宋超, 林景全 2015 64 175203]
[17]	Labutin T A, Lednev V N, Ilyin A A, Popov A M 2015 J. Anal. Atom. Spectrom. 30 90
[18]	Chen A, Jiang Y, Wang T, Shao J, Jin M 2015 Phys. Plasmas 22 033301
[19]	Wang Y, Chen A, Li S, Sui L, Liu D, Tian D, Jiang Y, Jin M 2016 J. Anal. Atom. Spectrom. 31 497
[20]	Wiese W L, Fuhr J R, Lesage A, Konjevic, N 2002 J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data 31 819
[21]	Fu N, Xu D G, Zhang G Z, Yao J Q 2015 Chin. J. Lasers 42 0202003 (in Chinese) [付宁, 徐德刚, 张贵忠, 姚建铨 2015 中国激光 42 0202003]

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