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调频连续波激光测距方法可以实现高精度的大尺寸绝对距离测量, 且测量过程无需合作目标, 在大空间坐标精密测量领域有很高的研究价值. 而如何提高测量分辨率和实用化一直是近年来调频连续波激光绝对测距研究的热点. 本文研究了调频连续波激光测距的原理, 基于双光路调频连续波激光测距系统, 提出了通过信号拼接提高测量分辨率的信号处理优化方案, 该方案可以提高测距分辨率, 且可以降低对激光器的性能要求; 提出了可实现高速测量的简易测量方法. 设计加工了双光路光纤调频连续波激光测距系统, 利用该系统进行了测距分辨率及测距误差标定实验, 实验结果表明: 优化方案可以有效地提高测量分辨率和测量效率, 在26 m测量范围内, 测距分辨率达到了50 m, 测距误差不超过100 m; 快速测量方案有较高实用价值.Frequency modulated continuous wave (FMCW) laser ranging is one of the most interesting techniques for precision distance metrology. It is a promising candidate for absolute distance measurement at large standoff distances (10 to 100 m) with high precision and accuracy, and no cooperation target is needed during the measuring process. How to improve the measurement resolution in practice has been the research focus of the FMCW laser ranging in recent years.FMCW laser ranging system uses the method which may convert the measurement of flight time to the frequency measurement, while the ranging resolution can be determined by the tuning range of the optical frequency sweep in theory. The main impact-factor that reduces the resolution is the tuning nonlinearity of the laser source, which may cause an amount of error points within the sampling signal. So a dual-interferometric FMCW laser ranging system is adopted in this paper. Compared to the traditional Michelson scheme, an assistant interferometer is added. The assistant interferometer has an all-fiber optical Mach-Zehnder configuration, and the delay distance is at least 2 times longer than OPD (optical path difference) of the main interferometer. Because it provides the reference length, the length of the fiber must remain unchanged. The interference signal is obtained on the photodetector. At the time points of every peak and bottom of the auxiliary interferometer signal, the beating signal from the main interferometer is re-sampled. The original signal is not the equal time intervals, while the re-sampled signal is the equal optical frequency intervals. Based on the property of the re-sampled signal, a method by splicing the re-sampled signal to optimize the signal processing is proposed, by which the tuning range of the laser source limitation can be broken and high precision can be easily obtained. Also, a simple high-speed measuring method is proposed.Based on all the above principles, the two-fiber optical frequency-modulated continuous wave laser ranging system is designed. The delay fiber in the FMCW laser ranging system is 40.8 m long, and the tuning speed and tuning range of the laser source are set to 10 nm/s and 40 nm respectively. Experiments show that the optimization method can effectively improve the measurement resolution and measuring efficiency; in the 26 measuring ranges, 50 m resolution can be easily obtained and the error is less than 100 m.
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Keywords:
- FMCW /
- the absolute distance measurement /
- interferometry
[1] Liu Z X, Zhu J G, Yang L H, Liu H Q, Wu J, Xue B 2013 Meas. Sci. Technol. 24 105004
[2] Wu H, Zhang F, Cao S, Xing S, Qu X 2014 Opt. Express 22 10380
[3] Liao S S, Yang T, Dong J J 2014 Chin. Phys. B 23 073201
[4] Wu H, Zhang F, Li J, Cao S, Meng X, Qu X 2015 Appl. Opt. 54 5581
[5] Roos P A, Reibel R R, Berg T, Kaylor B, Barber Z W, Babbitt W R 2009 Opt. Lett. 34 3692
[6] Wang G C, Yan S H, Yang J, Lin C B, Yang D X, Zou P F 2013 Acta Phys. Sin. 62 070601 (in Chinese) [王国超, 颜树华, 杨俊, 林存宝, 杨东兴, 邹鹏飞 2013 62 070601]
[7] Cabral A, Rebordão J 2007 Opt. Engineering. 46 073602
[8] Li Z D, Jiang Y S, Snag F, Wnag L C, Deng S G, Xin Y, Guo J P 2011 Acta Optica Sinica 31 0314001 (in Chinese) [李志栋, 江月松, 桑 峰, 王林春, 邓士光, 辛 遥, 郭泾平 2011 光学学报 31 0314001]
[9] Roos P A, Reibel R R, Berg T, Kaylor B, Barber Z W, Babbitt W R 2010 Opt. Lett. 34 3692
[10] Satyan N, Vasilyev A, Rakuljic G, Leyva V, Yariv A 2009 Opt. Express 17 15991
[11] Iiyama K, Matsui S, Kobayashi T, Maruyama T 2011 IEEE Photonics Technol. Lett. 23 703
[12] Baumann E, Giorgetta F R, Coddington I, Sinclair L C, Knabe K, Swann W C, Newbury N R 2013 Opt. Lett. 38 2026
[13] Shi G, Zhang F M, Qu X H, Meng X S 2014 Acta Phys. Sin. 63 184209 (in Chinese) [时光, 张福民, 曲兴华, 孟祥松 2014 63 184209]
[14] Shi G, Zhang F, Qu X, Meng X 2014 Opt. Engineering 53 122402
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[1] Liu Z X, Zhu J G, Yang L H, Liu H Q, Wu J, Xue B 2013 Meas. Sci. Technol. 24 105004
[2] Wu H, Zhang F, Cao S, Xing S, Qu X 2014 Opt. Express 22 10380
[3] Liao S S, Yang T, Dong J J 2014 Chin. Phys. B 23 073201
[4] Wu H, Zhang F, Li J, Cao S, Meng X, Qu X 2015 Appl. Opt. 54 5581
[5] Roos P A, Reibel R R, Berg T, Kaylor B, Barber Z W, Babbitt W R 2009 Opt. Lett. 34 3692
[6] Wang G C, Yan S H, Yang J, Lin C B, Yang D X, Zou P F 2013 Acta Phys. Sin. 62 070601 (in Chinese) [王国超, 颜树华, 杨俊, 林存宝, 杨东兴, 邹鹏飞 2013 62 070601]
[7] Cabral A, Rebordão J 2007 Opt. Engineering. 46 073602
[8] Li Z D, Jiang Y S, Snag F, Wnag L C, Deng S G, Xin Y, Guo J P 2011 Acta Optica Sinica 31 0314001 (in Chinese) [李志栋, 江月松, 桑 峰, 王林春, 邓士光, 辛 遥, 郭泾平 2011 光学学报 31 0314001]
[9] Roos P A, Reibel R R, Berg T, Kaylor B, Barber Z W, Babbitt W R 2010 Opt. Lett. 34 3692
[10] Satyan N, Vasilyev A, Rakuljic G, Leyva V, Yariv A 2009 Opt. Express 17 15991
[11] Iiyama K, Matsui S, Kobayashi T, Maruyama T 2011 IEEE Photonics Technol. Lett. 23 703
[12] Baumann E, Giorgetta F R, Coddington I, Sinclair L C, Knabe K, Swann W C, Newbury N R 2013 Opt. Lett. 38 2026
[13] Shi G, Zhang F M, Qu X H, Meng X S 2014 Acta Phys. Sin. 63 184209 (in Chinese) [时光, 张福民, 曲兴华, 孟祥松 2014 63 184209]
[14] Shi G, Zhang F, Qu X, Meng X 2014 Opt. Engineering 53 122402
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