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超疏水表面在水下的减阻效果随着来流冲刷时间的增加会逐渐减小甚至会出现粗糙增阻的现象，而这种现象的本质在于超疏水表面裂隙中驻留的气相结构在来流的作用下会不断地从表面脱离. 针对超疏水表面的裂隙中驻留的气相结构在水下不稳定的情况. 本文通过对表面微结构的设计，利用疏水性展向微沟槽结构使驻留在沟槽内部的气相结构被相邻沟槽间的脊状结构挡住，从而不能轻易的被水流冲刷掉. 实验结果表明该表面不仅能使气相结构在表面微结构内稳定驻留，而且基于稳定驻留在表面结构内的气相结构，在来流作用下会有新的气相结构生成. 虽然表面上不稳定的气相结构会随流速的增加而加剧地脱离表面，但是可再生的气相结构能够补充由于冲刷从表面脱离的气体. 最终在固/液界面间构建相对稳定的气模. 通过粒子图像测速系统（PIV）对近壁面流场进行分析，可得到大于15% 的速度滑移量.Low fluid friction is difficult to obtain on super-hydrophobic surfaces for a large flow velocity, because the entrapped gas within the surface is weakened substantially. Once the gas removed, the friction of the fluid increases markedly due to its own surface roughness. In this study, a hydrophobic transverse microgrooved surface is designed to sustain the air pockets in the valleys for a long time. Direct optical measurements are conducted to observe the entrapped gas when water flows past the surface in the perpendicular direction of grating patterns. More importantly, this hydrophobic transverse micro-grooved surface has been determined to have the capability of automatic formation of gas. Some of the gas is continually carried away from the surface and new gas is continually generated to substitute the lost gas. And the stable slippages at the surface are achieved corresponding to the relative stable gas on this designed surface.
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Keywords:
- drag reduction underwater /
- gas /
- hydrophobic transverse grooved surface /
- slippage
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[1] Shi X H, Wang X J 1995 Introduction to underwater weapon (Torpedo) (Xi’an: Northwestern Polytechnical University Press) p28-33 (in Chinese) [石秀华, 王晓娟 1995 水中兵器概论(鱼雷部分) (西安: 西北工业大学出版社) 第28–33 页]
[2] Ke G X, Pan G, Huang Q G, Hu H B 2009 Adv. Mech. 39 546 (in Chinese)[柯贵喜, 潘光, 黄桥高, 胡海豹2009 力学进展39 546]
[3] Wang X N, Gen X G, Zang D Y 2013 Acta. Phys. Sin. 62 054701 (in Chinese) [王晓娜, 耿兴国, 臧渡洋2013 62 054701]
[4] Li F C, Cai W H, Zhang H N, Wang Y 2012 Chin. Phys. B 21 114701
[5] Mei D J, Fan B C, Chen Y H, Ye J F 2010 Acta. Phys. Sin. 59 8335 (in Chinese) [梅栋杰, 范宝春, 陈耀慧, 叶经方2010 59 8335]
[6] Li G, Li S M, Xu Y J, Zhang Y, Li H M, Nie C Q, Zhu J Q 2009 Acta. Phys. Sin. 58 4026 (in Chinese)[李钢, 李轶明, 徐燕骥, 张翼, 李汉明, 聂超群, 朱俊强2009 58 4026]
[7] Chen G F, Gong M Q, Shen J, Zou X, Wu J F 2010 Acta. Phys. Sin. 59 8669 (in Chinese)[陈高飞, 公茂琼, 沈俊, 邹鑫, 吴剑峰2010 59 8669]
[8] Gu C Y, Di Q F, Shi L Y, Wu F, Wang W C, Yu Z B 2008 Acta Phys. Sin. 57 3701(in Chinese) [顾春元, 狄勤丰, 施利毅, 吴非, 王文昌, 余祖斌2008 57 3701]
[9] Gong B Z, Zhang B J 2009 Acta Phys. Sin. 58 1504 (in Chinese)[龚博致, 张秉坚2009 58 1504]
[10] Vakarelski I U, Marston J O, Chan D Y C, Thoroddsen S T 2011 Phys. Rev. Lett. 106 214501
[11] Niru K, Suresh V G 2011 Langmuir 27 10342
[12] Lee C, Kim C J 2011 Phys. Rev. Lett. 106 014502
[13] Kazuyuki H, Takao S, Fujio Y 2011 Exp. Fluids 50 715
[14] Watanabe K, Udagawa H 1999 J. Fluid Mech. 381 225
[15] Tian J, Xu J F, Xue Q J 1997 J. Hydrodynamics 12 27 (in Chinese) [田军, 徐锦芬, 薛群基1997 水动力学研究与进展12 27]
[16] Lee C, Choi C H, Kim C J 2008 Phys. Rev. Lett. 101 064501
[17] Lee C, Kim C J 2009 Langmuir 25 12812
[18] Choi C H, Ulmanella U, Kim J, Ho C M, Kim C J 2006 Phys. Fluids 18 087105
[19] Choi C H, Kim C J 2006 Phys. Rev. Lett. 96 066001
[20] Tsai P, Peters A M, Pirat C, Wessling M, Lammertink R G, Lohse D 2009 Phys. Fluids 21 112002
[21] Aljallis E, Sarshar M A, Datla R, Sikka V, Jones A, Choi C H 2013 Phys. Fluids 25 025103
[22] Sun W Y, Kim C J 2013 IEEE 26th International Conference Taipei, IEEE January 20-24,2013 p397
[23] Sakai M, Nakajima A, Fujishima A 2010 Chem. Lett. 39 482
[24] Ding B, Ogawa T, Kim J 2008 Thin Solid Films 516 2495
[25] Wang J D, Chen D R 2008 Langmuir 24 10174
[26] Poetes R, Holtzmann K, Franze K, Steiner U 2010 Phys. Rev. Lett. 105 166104
[27] Furmidge C G L 1962 J. Colloid Sci. 17 309
[28] Govardhan R N, Srinivas G S, Asthana A, Bobji M S 2009 Phys. Fluids 21 052001
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