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This article studies drag reduction rule and gas restoration and retention of hydrophobic surfaces numerically when taking into consideration the surface tension effect, the microstructure here is chessboard-like and the Reynolds number varies from 3,000 to 30,000. Results show that gas restoration and retention keep well, and a maximum drag reduction rate of approximately 30% has been gained at small Reynolds number(Re<15000). When Re is too large, water will swarm into microstructures, and keeping a good gas-liquid interface becomes difficult. Meanwhile, drag reduction rate remains variable and hydrophobic surfaces do not reduce drag. Through mechanical analysis we find that the influence of shear stress is weakened due to surface tension effect, thus the gas in microstructures can be effectively stored at low flow speed and drag is reduced.
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Keywords:
- hydrophobic surfaces /
- drag reduction /
- surface tension /
- multiphase flow
[1] Bharat B Yong C J 2011 Progress in Materials Science 56 1
[2] Jonathan P R 2010 Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics 42 89
[3] Wang B Nian J Y, Tie L, Zhang Y B, Guo Z G 2013 Acta Phys. Sin. 62 146801 (in Chinese) [王奔, 念敬妍, 铁璐, 张亚斌, 郭志光 2013 62 146801]
[4] Cassie A B D 1948 Transactions of the Faraday Soc 44 11
[5] Song B W, Guo Y H, Luo Z Z, Xu X H, Wang Y 2013 Acta Phys. Sin. 62 154701 (in Chinese) [宋保维, 郭云鹤, 罗莊竹, 徐向辉, 王鹰 2013 62 154701]
[6] Kevin J, Daniel M, Brent W W 2010 International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer 53 786
[7] Michael B M, Jonathan P R, J. Blair P 2007 Phys. Fluids 19 065102
[8] Liu Z Y 2011 Ph. D. Dissertation (Xi'an: Northwestern Polytechnical University (in Chinese) [刘占一 2007 博士学位论文 (西安: 西北工业大学2011)]
[9] Christophe Y, Catherine B, Cé cile C-B, Pierre J, Lydé ric B 2007 Phys. Fluids 19 123601
[10] Albadawi A, Donoghue D B, Robinson A J, Murray D B, Delauré Y M 2013 International Journal of Multiphase Flow 53 11
[11] Albadawi A, Donoghue D B, Robinson A J, Murray D B, Delauré Y M 2013 Chemical Engineering Science 90 77
[12] Zeng J B, Li L J, Liao Q, Chen Q H, Cui W Z, Pan L M 2010 Acta Phys. Sin. 59 178 (in Chinese) [曾建邦, 李隆键, 廖全, 陈清华, 崔文智, 潘良明 2013 59 178]
[13] Chang J Z, Liu M B, Liu H T 2008 Acta Phys. Sin. 57 3954 (in Chinese) [常建忠, 刘谋斌, 刘汉涛 2008 57 3954]
[14] Yao W J, Wang N 2009 Acta Phys. Sin. 58 4053 (in Chinese) [姚文静, 王楠 2009 58 4053]
[15] Ole M B, Per-Age K, Alireza A, Helga I A 2005 Phys. Fluids 17 065101
[16] Neelesh A P 2003 Langmuir 19 1249
[17] Steven B P 2000 Turbulent Flows (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press) p7
[18] Brackbill J U, Kothe D B, C. Zemach 1992 J. Comput. Phys. 100 335
[19] Nishino T, Meguro M, Nakamae K, Matsushita M, Uedo Y 1999 Langmuir 15 4321
[20] Richard T Andrea M, Peter V, Frank V S C, Jeffrey B 2006 Physical Review Letters 97 044504
[21] Antonino F Said E 2004 J. Fluid Mech. 503 345
-
[1] Bharat B Yong C J 2011 Progress in Materials Science 56 1
[2] Jonathan P R 2010 Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics 42 89
[3] Wang B Nian J Y, Tie L, Zhang Y B, Guo Z G 2013 Acta Phys. Sin. 62 146801 (in Chinese) [王奔, 念敬妍, 铁璐, 张亚斌, 郭志光 2013 62 146801]
[4] Cassie A B D 1948 Transactions of the Faraday Soc 44 11
[5] Song B W, Guo Y H, Luo Z Z, Xu X H, Wang Y 2013 Acta Phys. Sin. 62 154701 (in Chinese) [宋保维, 郭云鹤, 罗莊竹, 徐向辉, 王鹰 2013 62 154701]
[6] Kevin J, Daniel M, Brent W W 2010 International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer 53 786
[7] Michael B M, Jonathan P R, J. Blair P 2007 Phys. Fluids 19 065102
[8] Liu Z Y 2011 Ph. D. Dissertation (Xi'an: Northwestern Polytechnical University (in Chinese) [刘占一 2007 博士学位论文 (西安: 西北工业大学2011)]
[9] Christophe Y, Catherine B, Cé cile C-B, Pierre J, Lydé ric B 2007 Phys. Fluids 19 123601
[10] Albadawi A, Donoghue D B, Robinson A J, Murray D B, Delauré Y M 2013 International Journal of Multiphase Flow 53 11
[11] Albadawi A, Donoghue D B, Robinson A J, Murray D B, Delauré Y M 2013 Chemical Engineering Science 90 77
[12] Zeng J B, Li L J, Liao Q, Chen Q H, Cui W Z, Pan L M 2010 Acta Phys. Sin. 59 178 (in Chinese) [曾建邦, 李隆键, 廖全, 陈清华, 崔文智, 潘良明 2013 59 178]
[13] Chang J Z, Liu M B, Liu H T 2008 Acta Phys. Sin. 57 3954 (in Chinese) [常建忠, 刘谋斌, 刘汉涛 2008 57 3954]
[14] Yao W J, Wang N 2009 Acta Phys. Sin. 58 4053 (in Chinese) [姚文静, 王楠 2009 58 4053]
[15] Ole M B, Per-Age K, Alireza A, Helga I A 2005 Phys. Fluids 17 065101
[16] Neelesh A P 2003 Langmuir 19 1249
[17] Steven B P 2000 Turbulent Flows (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press) p7
[18] Brackbill J U, Kothe D B, C. Zemach 1992 J. Comput. Phys. 100 335
[19] Nishino T, Meguro M, Nakamae K, Matsushita M, Uedo Y 1999 Langmuir 15 4321
[20] Richard T Andrea M, Peter V, Frank V S C, Jeffrey B 2006 Physical Review Letters 97 044504
[21] Antonino F Said E 2004 J. Fluid Mech. 503 345
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