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为了获得更高亮度的X射线点源，在“强光一号”装置上开展钨丝X箍缩实验研究. 基于能量平衡方程，估算了1 MA电流热斑等离子体平衡半径为1–10 μm. 实验中，测试钨丝直径为25–100 μm，丝根数为2–48，负载线质量为0.18–6.9 mg/cm；负载电流峰值为1–1.4 MA，10%–90%前沿为60–70 ns. “强光一号”装置上匹配的X箍缩负载为30或32根25 μm钨丝X箍缩，这种负载一定概率产生单个脉冲X射线辐射，辐射时刻位于电流峰值附近，典型参数为keV X射线脉宽1 ns，辐射功率35 GW，产额40 J，热斑尺寸～30 μm. 然而，兆安电流X箍缩通常产生多个热斑及多个脉冲X射线辐射. keV能段首个脉冲X射线辐射时刻与负载线质量正相关，并受到负载丝直径的影响. 多个X射线脉冲可能由二次箍缩和局部箍缩产生，多个热斑可能由交叉点处微Z箍缩的长波长扰动和短波长扰动引起. 与百千安电流X箍缩相比，兆安电流X箍缩热斑亮度更高，但X射线辐射脉冲的单一稳定性还有待于进一步改善.In order to obtain a single brighter point X-ray source, tungsten X-pinch experiments were carried out on the QiangGuang-1 facility. The equilibrium radius of the bright spots was estimated based on the energy balance equation. X-pinch load test covered wire diameters from 25 to 100 μm, wire number from 2 to 48, and the load linear mass from 0.18 to 6.9 mg/cm. The load peak current was 1.0–1.4 MA and the rise time for 10%–90% was 60–70 ns. From the experiments, the matched load for “QiangGuang-1” facility was the 30 or 32 wire-25 μm X pinch with the load linear mass of 2.8–3.0 mg/cm, which can produce a single nanosecond X-ray pulse around current peak with a certain probability. A typical keV X-ray radiation had a pulse width of 1 ns, the radiation power from the bright spot being 35 GW, the radiation yield being 40 J, and the spot size being about 30 μm. Multiple bright spots and multiple X-ray bursts at the crossing were usually observed in the experiments. Multiple X-ray bursts were probably caused by secondary pinches or partial pinches, and multiple bright spots were caused by long wavelength perturbations or localized short wavelength perturbations along the “min Z-pinch” axis. Compared with hundreds of kilo-ampere devices, mega-ampere facilities produced greater X-ray radiation, but further improvements are needed to produce a single X-ray burst steadily.
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Keywords:
- X-pinch /
- bright spot /
- megaampere
[1] Zakharov S M, Ivanenkov G V, Kolomenskii A A, Pikuz S A, Samokhin A I, Ulshmid I 1982 Sov. Tech. Phys. Lett. 8 456
[2] Wang X X 2012 High Voltage Engineering 18 1359 (in Chinese) [王新新 2012 高电压技术 38 1537]
[3] Shelkovenko T A, Sinars D B, Pikuz S A, Chandler K M, Hammer D A 2001 Rev. Sci. Instrum. 72 667
[4] Pikuz S A, Sinars D B, Shelkovenko T A, Chandler K M, Hammer D A, Ivanenkov G V, Stepniewski W, Skobelev I Yu 2002 Phys. Rev. Lett. 89 035003
[5] Ye F, Zhang F Q, Yang J L, Li Z H, Guo C, Xu Z P, Xu R K, Xia G X, Ning J M, Song F J, Chen J C, Zhong Y H, Jin Y J 2006 High Power Laser Part. Beams 18 1359 (in Chinese) [叶凡, 章法强, 杨建伦, 李正宏, 郭存, 许泽平, 徐荣昆, 夏广新, 宁家敏, 宋凤军, 陈进川, 钟耀华, 金永杰 2006 强激光与粒子束 18 1359]
[6] Zhou S T, Li J, Huang X B, Cai H C, Zhang S Q, Li J, Duan S C, Zhou R G 2012 Acta Phys. Sin. 61 165202 (in Chinese) [周少彤, 李军, 黄显宾, 蔡红春, 张思群, 李晶, 段书超, 周荣国 2012 61 165202]
[7] Zhao T, Zou X B, Zhang R, Wang X X 2010 Chin. Phys. B 19 075205
[8] Mesyats G A, Shelkovenko T A, Ivanenkov G V, Agafonov A V, Savinov S Yu, Pikuz S A, Tilikin I N, Tkachenko S I, Chaikovskii S A, Ratakhin N A, Fedushchak V F, Oreshkin V I, Fedyunin A V, Russkikh A G, Labetskaya N A, Artemov A P, Hammer D A, Sinars D B 2010 J. Exp. Theor. Phys. 111 363
[9] Ruggles L E, Porter J L, Rambo P K, Simpson W W, Vargas M F, Bennett G R, Smith I C 2003 Rev. Sci. Instrum. 74 2206
[10] Kantsyrev V L, Fedin D A, Shlyaptseva A S, Hansen S, Chamberlain D, Ouart N 2003 Phys. Plasmas 10 2519
[11] Sinars D B, Pikuz S A, Douglass J D, McBride R D, Ampledord D J, Knapp R, Bell K, Chalenksi D, Cuneo M E, Greenly J B, Hammer D A, Kusse B R, Mingaleev A, Shelkovenko T A, Wenger D F 2008 Phys. Plasmas 15 092703
[12] Anan’ev S S, Bakshaev Yu L, Blinov P I, Bryzgunov V A, Dan’ko S A, Zelenin A A, Kazakov E D, Kalinin Yu G, Kingsep A S, Korolev V D, Mizhiritskiy V I, Pikuz S A, Smirnov V P, Sokolov M M, Tkachenko S I, Ustroev G I, Chernenko A S, Shelkovenko T A 2009 Plasma Phys. Rep. 35 459
[13] Sinars D B, McBride R D, Pikuz S A, Shelkovenko T A, Wenger D F, Cuneo M E, Yu E P, Chittenden J P, Harding E C, Hansen S B, Peyton B P, Ampleford D J, Jennings C A 2012 Phys. Rev. Lett. 109 155002
[14] Chittenden J P, Lebedev S V, Jennings C A, Bland S N Ciardi A 2004 Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion 46 B457
[15] Chung H K, Chen M H, Morgan W L, Ralchenko Y, Lee R W 2005 High Energ. Dens. Phys. 1 3
[16] Chittenden J P, Lebedev S V, Jennings C A, Bland S N, Ciardi A 2004 Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion 46 B457–B476
[17] Qiu A C, Kuai B, Zeng Z Z, Wang W S, Qiu M T, Wang L P, Cong P T, Lv M 2006 Acta Phys. Sin. 55 5917 (in Chinese) [邱爱慈, 蒯斌, 曾正中, 王文生, 邱孟通, 王亮平, 丛培天, 吕敏 2006 55 5917]
[18] Guo N 2009 MS Thesis (Beijing: North China Electric Power University) (in Chinese) [郭宁 2009 硕士学位论文(北京: 华北电力大学)]
[19] Wu G, Wu J, Qiu A C, Wang L P, Lv M, Qiu M T, Cong P T, Zhen L, Cui M Q, Zhao Y D 2010 High Power Laser Part. Beams 22 1285 (in Chinese) [吴刚, 吴坚, 邱爱慈, 王亮平, 吕敏, 邱孟通, 丛培天, 郑雷, 崔明启, 赵屹东 2010 强激光与粒子束 22 1285]
[20] Qiu M T, Lv M, Wang K L, Hei D W, Qiu A C, Zeng Z Z, Du J Y, Kuai B, Yuan Y, Tian H, Sun F R, Luo J H 2003 High Power Laser Part. Beams 15 101 (in Chinese) [邱孟通, 吕敏, 王奎禄, 黑东炜, 邱爱慈, 曾正中, 杜继业, 蒯斌, 袁媛, 田慧, 孙凤荣, 罗建辉 2003 强激光与粒子束 15 101]
[21] Haines M G 2011Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion 53 093001
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[1] Zakharov S M, Ivanenkov G V, Kolomenskii A A, Pikuz S A, Samokhin A I, Ulshmid I 1982 Sov. Tech. Phys. Lett. 8 456
[2] Wang X X 2012 High Voltage Engineering 18 1359 (in Chinese) [王新新 2012 高电压技术 38 1537]
[3] Shelkovenko T A, Sinars D B, Pikuz S A, Chandler K M, Hammer D A 2001 Rev. Sci. Instrum. 72 667
[4] Pikuz S A, Sinars D B, Shelkovenko T A, Chandler K M, Hammer D A, Ivanenkov G V, Stepniewski W, Skobelev I Yu 2002 Phys. Rev. Lett. 89 035003
[5] Ye F, Zhang F Q, Yang J L, Li Z H, Guo C, Xu Z P, Xu R K, Xia G X, Ning J M, Song F J, Chen J C, Zhong Y H, Jin Y J 2006 High Power Laser Part. Beams 18 1359 (in Chinese) [叶凡, 章法强, 杨建伦, 李正宏, 郭存, 许泽平, 徐荣昆, 夏广新, 宁家敏, 宋凤军, 陈进川, 钟耀华, 金永杰 2006 强激光与粒子束 18 1359]
[6] Zhou S T, Li J, Huang X B, Cai H C, Zhang S Q, Li J, Duan S C, Zhou R G 2012 Acta Phys. Sin. 61 165202 (in Chinese) [周少彤, 李军, 黄显宾, 蔡红春, 张思群, 李晶, 段书超, 周荣国 2012 61 165202]
[7] Zhao T, Zou X B, Zhang R, Wang X X 2010 Chin. Phys. B 19 075205
[8] Mesyats G A, Shelkovenko T A, Ivanenkov G V, Agafonov A V, Savinov S Yu, Pikuz S A, Tilikin I N, Tkachenko S I, Chaikovskii S A, Ratakhin N A, Fedushchak V F, Oreshkin V I, Fedyunin A V, Russkikh A G, Labetskaya N A, Artemov A P, Hammer D A, Sinars D B 2010 J. Exp. Theor. Phys. 111 363
[9] Ruggles L E, Porter J L, Rambo P K, Simpson W W, Vargas M F, Bennett G R, Smith I C 2003 Rev. Sci. Instrum. 74 2206
[10] Kantsyrev V L, Fedin D A, Shlyaptseva A S, Hansen S, Chamberlain D, Ouart N 2003 Phys. Plasmas 10 2519
[11] Sinars D B, Pikuz S A, Douglass J D, McBride R D, Ampledord D J, Knapp R, Bell K, Chalenksi D, Cuneo M E, Greenly J B, Hammer D A, Kusse B R, Mingaleev A, Shelkovenko T A, Wenger D F 2008 Phys. Plasmas 15 092703
[12] Anan’ev S S, Bakshaev Yu L, Blinov P I, Bryzgunov V A, Dan’ko S A, Zelenin A A, Kazakov E D, Kalinin Yu G, Kingsep A S, Korolev V D, Mizhiritskiy V I, Pikuz S A, Smirnov V P, Sokolov M M, Tkachenko S I, Ustroev G I, Chernenko A S, Shelkovenko T A 2009 Plasma Phys. Rep. 35 459
[13] Sinars D B, McBride R D, Pikuz S A, Shelkovenko T A, Wenger D F, Cuneo M E, Yu E P, Chittenden J P, Harding E C, Hansen S B, Peyton B P, Ampleford D J, Jennings C A 2012 Phys. Rev. Lett. 109 155002
[14] Chittenden J P, Lebedev S V, Jennings C A, Bland S N Ciardi A 2004 Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion 46 B457
[15] Chung H K, Chen M H, Morgan W L, Ralchenko Y, Lee R W 2005 High Energ. Dens. Phys. 1 3
[16] Chittenden J P, Lebedev S V, Jennings C A, Bland S N, Ciardi A 2004 Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion 46 B457–B476
[17] Qiu A C, Kuai B, Zeng Z Z, Wang W S, Qiu M T, Wang L P, Cong P T, Lv M 2006 Acta Phys. Sin. 55 5917 (in Chinese) [邱爱慈, 蒯斌, 曾正中, 王文生, 邱孟通, 王亮平, 丛培天, 吕敏 2006 55 5917]
[18] Guo N 2009 MS Thesis (Beijing: North China Electric Power University) (in Chinese) [郭宁 2009 硕士学位论文(北京: 华北电力大学)]
[19] Wu G, Wu J, Qiu A C, Wang L P, Lv M, Qiu M T, Cong P T, Zhen L, Cui M Q, Zhao Y D 2010 High Power Laser Part. Beams 22 1285 (in Chinese) [吴刚, 吴坚, 邱爱慈, 王亮平, 吕敏, 邱孟通, 丛培天, 郑雷, 崔明启, 赵屹东 2010 强激光与粒子束 22 1285]
[20] Qiu M T, Lv M, Wang K L, Hei D W, Qiu A C, Zeng Z Z, Du J Y, Kuai B, Yuan Y, Tian H, Sun F R, Luo J H 2003 High Power Laser Part. Beams 15 101 (in Chinese) [邱孟通, 吕敏, 王奎禄, 黑东炜, 邱爱慈, 曾正中, 杜继业, 蒯斌, 袁媛, 田慧, 孙凤荣, 罗建辉 2003 强激光与粒子束 15 101]
[21] Haines M G 2011Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion 53 093001
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