基于元胞自动机的行人和机动车相互干扰机理研究

孙泽; 贾斌; 李新刚

doi:10.7498/aps.61.100508

摘要

在行人流量大的人行横道处,机动车和行人之间存在较为严重的干扰.通过引入行人和机动车的冲突干扰规则, 构建了能够刻画人行横道处机动车和行人相互干扰行为的元胞自动机模型.通过数值模拟研究了行人到达率、机动车到达率、行人冒险穿越机动车道的阈值以及行人对机动车敏感系数等因素对机动车和行人流量的影响. 模拟结果显示,所提出的模型很好地反映了行人与机动车之间的干扰特性;随着行人冒险穿越机动车道的阈值的增加, 机动车流量增大,行人流量减小;随着行人对机动车敏感系数的增加,行人避让概率减小,机动车流量减小,行人流量增大. 所得结果对混合交通的控制和管理具有一定的指导意义.

关键词:

Abstract

Serious interference between motor vehicles and pedestrians happens at crosswalk when pedestrian flow is large. In this paper, cellular automata models are used to model the behavior of mutual interferences between pedestrians and vehicles at crosswalk by introducing conflict interference rules between pedestrians and vehicles. Numerical simulations are carried out to study the fluxes of vehicle and pedestrian, influenced by the parameters, such as the arrival rates, pedestrian waiting time and the pedestrian's sensitivity coefficient to vehicle. Simulation results show that the model can reflect the interference characteristics between pedestrians and vehicles well. With the increase of threshold that pedestrians cross the traffic lane riskily, motor vehicle flow increases but pedestrian flow decreases. With the increase of pedestrian's sensitivity coefficient, pedestrian avoiding probability decreases, motor vehicle flow decreases, pedestrian flow increases. The results have certain significance for the control and management of mixed traffic.

Keywords:

作者及机构信息

1.
北京交通大学交通运输学院城市交通复杂系统科学与技术教育部重点实验室, 北京 100044

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金(批准号: 71071013, 71001004, 71131001)、国家高技术研究发展计划(批准号: 2011AA110303)和国家重点基础研究发展计划 (批准号: 2012CB725401)资助的课题.

Authors and contacts

1.
Key Laboratory for Urban Complex Transportation Systems Theory and Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Traffic and Transportation, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China

Funds: Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 71071013, 71001004, 71131001), the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China (Grant No. 2011AA110303), and the National Basic Research Program of China (Grant No. 2012CB725401).

参考文献

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[24]	Blue V J, Adler J L 1999 Trans. Res. B 35 293
[25]	Zhou J W, Chen X L, Zhou J H, Tan H L, Kong L J, Liu M R 2009 Acta Phys. Sin. 58 2281 (in Chinese) [周金旺, 陈秀丽, 周建槐, 谭惠丽, 孔令江, 刘慕仁 2009 58 2281]
[26]	Yue H, Shao C F, Chen X M, Hao H R 2008 Acta Phys. Sin. 57 6901 (in Chinese) [岳昊, 邵春福, 陈晓明, 郝合瑞 2008 57 6901]
[27]	Yue H, Guan H Z, Zhang J, Shao C F 2010 Physica A 389 527
[28]	Eleonora P, George Y, John G 2009 Trans. Res. F 12 242
[29]	Burstedde C, Klauck K, Schadschneider A, Zittartz J 2001 Physica A 295 507
[30]	Fang W F, Yang L Z, Fan W C 2001 Physica A 321 633
[31]	Jia B, Li X G, Jiang R, Gao Z Y 2007 Eur. Phys. B 56 247
[32]	Jiang R, Jia B, Wu Q S 2004 J. Phys. A 37 2063

施引文献

[1]	Zheng R S, Tan H L, Kong L J, Liu M R 2005 Acta Phys. Sin. 54 3516 (in Chinese) [郑容森, 谭惠丽, 孔令江, 刘慕仁 2005 54 3516]
[2]	Kuang H, Kong L J, Liu M R 2004 Acta Phys. Sin. 53 2894 (in Chinese) [邝华, 孔令江, 刘慕仁 2004 53 2894]
[3]	Wu K F, Kong L J, L M R 2004 Acta Phys. Sin. 53 6275 (in Chinese) [吴可非, 孔令江, 刘慕仁 2004 53 6275]
[4]	Xiao R J, Kong L J, Liu M R 2007 Acta Phys. Sin. 56 740 (in Chinese) [肖瑞杰, 孔令江, 刘慕仁 2007 56 740]
[5]	Wong G C K, Wong S C 2002 Trans. Res. A 36 827
[6]	Zhang M P, Shu C W, Wong G C K, Wong S C 2003 J. Comput. Phys. 191 639
[7]	Zhang P, Wong S C, Shu C W 2006 J. Comput. Phys. 12 739
[8]	Zhang P, Wong S C, Xu Z L 2008 Compu. Met. Appl. Mec. Eng. 197 3816
[9]	Faghri A, Egyháziová E 1999 Trans. Res. Rec. 1674 86
[10]	Oketch T G 2000 Trans. Res. Rec. 1705 61
[11]	Meng J P, Dai S Q, Dong L Y, Zhang J F 2007 Physica A 380 470
[12]	Zhao X M, Jia B, Gao Z Y 2009 J. Tran. En. 135 894
[13]	Zhao X M, Jia B, Gao Z Y 2008 Fourth International Conference on Natural Computation 425
[14]	Jiang R, Wu Q S, Li X G 2002 Phys. Rev. E 65 036120
[15]	Helbing D, Jiang R, Treiber M 2005 Phys. Rev. E 72 046130
[16]	Jiang R, Helbing D, Shukla P K, Wu Q S 2006 Physica A 368 567
[17]	Zhang Y, Duan H L 2007 Tsinghua Sci. Technol. 12 214
[18]	Yang J G, Deng W, Wang J M, Li Q F, Wang Z A 2006 Trans. Res. A 40 280
[19]	Lee J Y S, Lam W H K 2008 Trans. Res. A 42 1314
[20]	Jia B, Gao Z Y, Li K P, Li X G 2007 Models and Simulations of Traffic System Based on the Theory of Cellular Automaton (Vol.1) (Beijing: Science Press) p70 (in Chinese) [贾斌, 高自友, 李克平, 李新刚 2007 基于元胞自动机的交通系统建模与模拟 (第一卷)(北京:科学出版社) 第70页]
[21]	Larraga M E, del Rio J A 2005 Trans. Res. C 13 63
[22]	Esser J, Schreckenberg M 1997 Int. J. Mod. Phys. C 8 1025
[23]	Simon P M, Gutowitz1 H A 1998 Phys. Rev. E 57 2441
[24]	Blue V J, Adler J L 1999 Trans. Res. B 35 293
[25]	Zhou J W, Chen X L, Zhou J H, Tan H L, Kong L J, Liu M R 2009 Acta Phys. Sin. 58 2281 (in Chinese) [周金旺, 陈秀丽, 周建槐, 谭惠丽, 孔令江, 刘慕仁 2009 58 2281]
[26]	Yue H, Shao C F, Chen X M, Hao H R 2008 Acta Phys. Sin. 57 6901 (in Chinese) [岳昊, 邵春福, 陈晓明, 郝合瑞 2008 57 6901]
[27]	Yue H, Guan H Z, Zhang J, Shao C F 2010 Physica A 389 527
[28]	Eleonora P, George Y, John G 2009 Trans. Res. F 12 242
[29]	Burstedde C, Klauck K, Schadschneider A, Zittartz J 2001 Physica A 295 507
[30]	Fang W F, Yang L Z, Fan W C 2001 Physica A 321 633
[31]	Jia B, Li X G, Jiang R, Gao Z Y 2007 Eur. Phys. B 56 247
[32]	Jiang R, Jia B, Wu Q S 2004 J. Phys. A 37 2063

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