磁悬浮式电磁-摩擦复合生物机械能量采集器

温涛; 何剑; 张增星; 田竹梅; 穆继亮; 韩建强; 丑修建; 薛晨阳

doi:10.7498/aps.66.228401

摘要

能量采集技术已经成为智能终端领域的一项关键技术，关于人体机械能采集方式也有大量的研究.针对人体机械能采集的应用需求，本文提出一种基于磁悬浮结构的电磁-摩擦复合式能量采集器.该能量采集器以磁悬浮结构作为核心部件，具有结构简单、感应灵敏、输出功率高的优点.在10 MΩ的外接负载时，两组摩擦发电单元输出功率分别为0.12 mW和0.13 mW；在1 kΩ外接负载时，两组电磁发电单元的输出功率分别为36 mW和38 mW.复合能量采集器通过电容储能后，电容器可以输出8 V电压，且输出信号为持续的直流信号，可以为计步器提供持续的能量供给，支撑计步器正常工作.设计的复合能量采集器对于可穿戴电子设备自供电工作模式的实现具有重要意义.

关键词:

Abstract

The popularity of various portable electronics and biological health monitoring devices, such as pedometers, pulse oximeters, mobile telephones, wearable watches, has greatly changed our lifestyles and brought significant convenience to us. Energy harvesting has been a key technology for the self-powered mobile terminals, because there are many defects such as limited lifetime, large size, low energy density and environmentally unfriendly feature for the traditional chemical batteries. Lots of devices used for the energy harvesting of the human movement have been reported. However, some problems such as poor efficiency, low output power and low sensitivity need further studying. In this work, we demonstrate a novel magnetically levitated electromagnetic-triboelectric generator. The device size is φ4.8 cm×2.4 cm, and its weight is 80 g. The device uses the magnetically levitation structure as the core components, and the structure contains four magnets to form a magnetic array, in which three cylindrical magnets are placed around a bigger magnet. And two coils with polyvinyl-acetal enameled copper wires of 70 μm areplaced at the top and bottom of the device, respectively. Then two silica gel thin films with inverted tetrahedron patterned on the surface are integrated inside the structure. Then, we analyze the motion feature with the Maxwell simulation software, and discuss output characteristics of the two energy harvest units theoretically. The device possesses a high sensitivity, wide frequency response and high output performance. The dynamic response characteristics are analyzed in this paper.The frequency response range of the device is from 2 Hz to 20 Hz. The wider frequency response means that it can harvest more energy from complicated external environment. Furthermore, we analyze the output signal at low frequency, which has more than one wave crest after an environment perturbation. The triboelectric units can deliver peak output voltages of 70 V and 71 V, respectively, and the electromagnetic units each can deliver a peak output voltage of 10 V. In addition, the triboelectric units can produce peak output powers of 0.12 mW and 0.13 mW, respectively, under a loading resistance of 10 MΩ, while the electromagnetic units produce peak output powers of 36 mW and 38 mW, respectively, under a loading resistance of 1 kΩ. We discuss the energy output and energy conversion efficiency of the device, which are 750.89 μJ and 18%, respectively. Then we use the hybridized generator to charge a capacitor of 33 μF, the output voltage of which can reach 8 V in 2 seconds. Furthermore, the hybridized generator can power a pedometer continuously, which can work steadily and display movement data. This work has a significant step toward human mechanical energy harvesting and potential application in self-powered wearable devices.

Keywords:

作者及机构信息

1.
中北大学, 电子测试技术重点实验室, 太原 030051;

2.
忻州师范学院电子系, 忻州 034000

通信作者: 丑修建, chouxiujian@nuc.edu.cn;xuechenyang@nuc.edu.cn ; 薛晨阳, chouxiujian@nuc.edu.cn;xuechenyang@nuc.edu.cn

基金项目: 国家高技术研究发展计划（批准号：2015AA042601）和国家自然基金（批准号：61525107，51605449，51422510，51675493）资助的课题.

Authors and contacts

1.
North University of China, Science and Technology on Electronic Test and Measurement Laboratory, Taiyuan 030051, China;

2.
Department of Electronics, Xinzhou Teachers University, Xinzhou 034000, China

Corresponding author: Chou Xiu-Jian, chouxiujian@nuc.edu.cn;xuechenyang@nuc.edu.cn ; Xue Chen-Yang, chouxiujian@nuc.edu.cn;xuechenyang@nuc.edu.cn

Funds: Project supported by National High Technology Research and Development Program of China (Grant No. 2015AA042601) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 61525107, 51605449, 51422510, 51675493).

参考文献

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施引文献

[1]	Liu S Y (in Chinese) [刘思言 2014 世界电信 12 38]
[2]	Wang Z L 2008 Adv. Funct. Mater. 18 3553
[3]	Ron P, Roy K, Joe E, Phil J, Oh S, Pei Q B, Scott S 2001 Proceeding of SPIE 4329 148
[4]	Fan F R, Tian Z Q, Wang Z L 2012 Nano Energy 1 328
[5]	Zhu G, Pan C, Guo W, Chen C Y, Zhou Y, Yu R, Wang Z L 2012 Nano Lett. 12 4960
[6]	Zhang K, Wang X, Yang Y, Wang Z L 2016 ACS. Nano 521 3529
[7]	Han M, Zhang X S, Sun X M, Meng B, Liu W, Zhang H X 2014 Sci. Rep. 4 4811
[8]	Wang X, Wang S, Yang Y, Wang Z L 2015 ACS Nano 9 4553
[9]	Hu Y, Yang J, Niu S, Wu W, Wang Z L 2014 ACS Nano 8 7442
[10]	Wu Y, Wang X, Yang Y, Wang Z L 2015 Nano Energy 11 162
[11]	Fan F R, Tang W, Yao Y, Luo J, Zhang C, Wang Z L 2014 Nanotechnology 25 135402
[12]	Rome L C, Flynn L, Goldman E M, Yoo T D 2005 Science 309 1725
[13]	Khaligh A, Zeng P, Zheng C 2010 IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron 57 850
[14]	Zhu G, Bai P, Chen J, Wang Z L 2013 Nano Energy 2 688
[15]	Bai P, Zhu G, Lin Z H, Jing Q S, Chen J, Gong Z, Ma J S, Wang Z L 2013 ACS Nano 7 3713
[16]	Zhang Z X, He J, Wen T, Zhai C, Han J Q, Mu J L, Jia W, Zhang B Z, Zhang W D, Chou X J, Xue C Y 2017 Nano Energy 33 88
[17]	Niu S M, Wang Z L 2015 Nano Energy 14 161
[18]	Peng L 2009 M. S. Dissertation (Hefei: University of Science and Technology of China) (in Chinese) [彭雷 2009 硕士学位论文(合肥: 中国科学技术大学)]
[19]	Zhang K W, Wang X, Yang Y, Wang Z L 2015 ACS Nano 9 3521
[20]	Leng Q 2015 M. S. Dissertation (Chongqing: Chongqing University) (in Chinese) [冷强 2015 硕士学位论文 (重庆: 重庆大学)]
[21]	Guo H Y, He X M, Zhong J W, Zhong Q Z, Leng Q, Hu C G, Chen J, Li T, Xi Y, Zhou J 2014 J. Mater. Chem. 2 2079
[22]	Zhong Q Z, Zhong J W, Hu B, Hu Q Y, Zhou J, Wang Z L 2013 Energ. Environ. Sci. 6 1779
[23]	Niu S M, Liu Y, Zhou Y S, Wang S H, Lin L, Wang Z L 2015 IEEE Trans. Electron Dev. 62 641

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