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叠层成像是定量相位恢复技术的重要研究方向，它通过照明探针的交叠式扫描，使用叠层迭代相位恢复算法对待测样品进行恢复，但成像效率与成像质量之间的矛盾等问题已成为其瓶颈之一. 本文从叠层成像迭代恢复算法的基本原理入手，提出了基于CPU和GPU的两种分块复振幅重建并行算法，并通过模拟实验研究了不同待测样品尺寸、不同分块、不同孔径数目对并行加速效果的影响. 模拟实验结果表明：两种并行算法可正确地恢复出样品的复振幅信息，并且显著提升了重建速度，使得重建耗时比传统叠层成像算法有了数量级的下降，在一定程度上解决了成像效率与成像质量之间的矛盾，有望实现准实时成像，为叠层成像在相关领域更广泛的应用提供了一定的技术指导. 实验结果同时表明：在最优分块时，并行重建加速比与样品的大小有关，样品越大，加速效果越明显；同一个样品在不同分块下重建会得到不同的加速比，这与硬件设备密切相关，而成像中孔径的数目不会对并行加速比产生明显的影响.Phychography is an important technique in the quantitative phase imaging research domain, which employs the illuminating probes to scan the specimen in an overlapped requirement, and the reconstruction is conducted by using the ptychographic iterative engine. But the contradiction between the imaging efficiency and quality has become a bottleneck for its wide applications. In this paper, we start with the fundamental principle of the iterative algorithms for ptychographical imaging, and propose two parallel schemes based on CPU and GPU, besides the influences of the specimen size, the number of blocks and illuminating beams on the speedup of the two schemes are investigated via simulation experiment. The result shows that the complex amplitude of the specimen can be correctly reconstructed, meanwhile, the speed is significantly improved, which reduces the time consumed by one order of magnitude. This improvement solves the above contradiction, so that we can expect to achieve quasi-real-time imaging. The experimental data also indicate that 1) in optimal partition, parallel speedup is related to the size of the specimen, bigger size is corresponding to more obvious acceleration; 2) the same specimen under different partitions will speed up to different extents, which is closely related to the experimental hardware, however the number of illuminating beams has no significant effect on the speedup.
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Keywords:
- ptychography /
- phase retrieval /
- parallel computing
[1] Hoppe W 1969 Acta Cryst. A 25 495
[2] Hoppe W 1969 Acta Cryst. A 25 508
[3] Rodenburg J M, Faulkner H M L 2004 Appl. Phys. Lett. 85 4795
[4] Faulkner H M L, Rodenburg J M 2004 Phys. Rev. Lett. 93 023903
[5] Maiden A M, Rodenburg J M 2009 Ultramicroscopy. 109 1256
[6] HumphryMJ, Kraus B, Hurst A C, Maiden A M, Rodenburg J M 2012 Nature Commun. 3 730
[7] Wang Y L, Shi Y S, Li T, Gao Q K, Xiao J, Zhang S G 2013 Acta Phys. Sin. 62 064206 (in Chinese) [王雅丽, 史祎诗, 李拓, 高乾坤, 肖俊, 张三国 2013 62 064206]
[8] Shi Y S, Wang Y L, Zhang S G 2013 Chin. Phys. Lett. 30 054203
[9] Shi Y S, Li T, Wang Y L, Gao Q K, Zhang S G, Li H S 2013 Opt. Lett. 38 1425
[10] Shi Y S, Wang Y L, Li T, Gao Q K, Wan H, Zhang S G, Wu Z B 2013 Chin. Phys. Lett. 30 074203
[11] Cai J J, Li M S, Zheng F {2007 Computer Technology and Development 10 87 (in Chinese) [蔡佳佳, 李名世, 郑锋 2007 计算机技术与发展 10 87]
[12] Hu X Y, Cao X L, Guo H, Chen J {2012 Chin. J. Comput. Phys. 29 522 (in Chinese) [胡晓燕, 曹小林, 郭红, 陈军 2012 计算物理 29 522]
[13] Frigo M, Johnson S G 1998 Acoustics Speech and Signal Processing. Proceedings of the 1998 IEEE International Conference Seattle WA, May 12-15, 1998 p1381
[14] Dong L, Ge W C, Chen K L {2010 Information Technology 4 11 (in Chinese) [董荦, 葛万成, 陈康力 2010 信息技术 4 11]
[15] Yang X, Li X Y, Li J G, Ma J, Zhang L, Yang J, Du Q Ye {2014 Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis 34 498 (in Chinese) [杨雪, 李学友, 李家国, 马骏, 张力, 杨健, 杜全叶 2014 光谱学与光谱分析 34 498]
[16] Li S, Wang J, Sun H 2008 Optics and Precision Engineering 16 2414 (in Chinese) [李仕, 王晶, 孙辉 2008 光学精密工程 16 2414]
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[1] Hoppe W 1969 Acta Cryst. A 25 495
[2] Hoppe W 1969 Acta Cryst. A 25 508
[3] Rodenburg J M, Faulkner H M L 2004 Appl. Phys. Lett. 85 4795
[4] Faulkner H M L, Rodenburg J M 2004 Phys. Rev. Lett. 93 023903
[5] Maiden A M, Rodenburg J M 2009 Ultramicroscopy. 109 1256
[6] HumphryMJ, Kraus B, Hurst A C, Maiden A M, Rodenburg J M 2012 Nature Commun. 3 730
[7] Wang Y L, Shi Y S, Li T, Gao Q K, Xiao J, Zhang S G 2013 Acta Phys. Sin. 62 064206 (in Chinese) [王雅丽, 史祎诗, 李拓, 高乾坤, 肖俊, 张三国 2013 62 064206]
[8] Shi Y S, Wang Y L, Zhang S G 2013 Chin. Phys. Lett. 30 054203
[9] Shi Y S, Li T, Wang Y L, Gao Q K, Zhang S G, Li H S 2013 Opt. Lett. 38 1425
[10] Shi Y S, Wang Y L, Li T, Gao Q K, Wan H, Zhang S G, Wu Z B 2013 Chin. Phys. Lett. 30 074203
[11] Cai J J, Li M S, Zheng F {2007 Computer Technology and Development 10 87 (in Chinese) [蔡佳佳, 李名世, 郑锋 2007 计算机技术与发展 10 87]
[12] Hu X Y, Cao X L, Guo H, Chen J {2012 Chin. J. Comput. Phys. 29 522 (in Chinese) [胡晓燕, 曹小林, 郭红, 陈军 2012 计算物理 29 522]
[13] Frigo M, Johnson S G 1998 Acoustics Speech and Signal Processing. Proceedings of the 1998 IEEE International Conference Seattle WA, May 12-15, 1998 p1381
[14] Dong L, Ge W C, Chen K L {2010 Information Technology 4 11 (in Chinese) [董荦, 葛万成, 陈康力 2010 信息技术 4 11]
[15] Yang X, Li X Y, Li J G, Ma J, Zhang L, Yang J, Du Q Ye {2014 Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis 34 498 (in Chinese) [杨雪, 李学友, 李家国, 马骏, 张力, 杨健, 杜全叶 2014 光谱学与光谱分析 34 498]
[16] Li S, Wang J, Sun H 2008 Optics and Precision Engineering 16 2414 (in Chinese) [李仕, 王晶, 孙辉 2008 光学精密工程 16 2414]
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