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相干衍射成像是一种新型的无透镜成像技术, 在光学测量、显微成像和自适应光学等领域有重要应用. 本文提出一种基于单幅菲涅耳衍射强度图样的无透镜相干衍射成像方法; 该方法采用特殊设计的卷积可解阵列抽样屏, 通过对抽样物波的菲涅耳衍射强度图样进行非迭代的逆菲涅耳变换和滤波等数字处理实现被测物波复振幅信息的恢复, 最后通过数字衍射得到物体的数字再现像. 文中对抽样孔径、衍射距离、图像传感器尺寸等参数对再现像的影响进行了理论分析和模拟实验研究. 发现在针孔大小和记录孔径大小一定的条件下,存在一个最佳的衍射距离; 衍射距离过大会给重建图样带来噪声, 衍射距离过小则会使再现象的分辨率降低. 文中还对抽样针孔大小对系统成像分辨率的影响进行了分析, 为进一步开展相关实验研究和应用提供了理论依据.Coherent diffractive imaging is a new lensless imaging technique which has important applications in optical measurements, microscopic imaging and adaptive optics. We propose a method for coherent diffractive imaging from one single Fresnel diffraction intensity pattern. In this method, a Fresnel diffraction intensity pattern of the object wave passing through a specially designed sampling array is recorded and the complex amplitude of the object wave can be extracted through some digital processing such as inverse Fresnel transform and spatial filtering to the recorded intensity pattern; and then the image of the object can be reconstructed in computer. Some theoretical analyses and digital simulations about how the diffraction parameters affect the rebuilding image are given, such as sampling aperture, diffraction distance, image sensor size, etc. We find that there exists an optimal recording distance when the pinhole size and the recording aperture are given. Some serious noise will appear if the recording distance is longer than the optimal value, while shorter recording distance will result in a worse resolution of the reconstructed image. The influence of the pinhole size on the imaging resolution power of the system is also discussed. As this method requires only a single measurement of the diffraction intensity pattern and it does not need any iterative algorithm and lens systems, it provides a practically valuable approach to real-time wavefront measuring and lensless diffractive imaging of a complex-valued object in a wide rang of wavelengths.
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Keywords:
- Fresnel diffraction /
- coherent diffractive imaging /
- sampling /
- phase retrieving
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[11] Li M, Li X Y, Jiang W H 2007 High Power Laser and Particle Beams 19 611 (in Chinese) [李敏, 李新阳, 姜文汉 2007 强激光与粒子束 19 611]
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[15] Nakajima N 2011 Opt. Lett. 36 2284
[16] Guo C S, Liang K, Zhang X T, Wang H T 2010 Opt. Lett. 35 850
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[1] Li J C, Peng Z J, Patrice T, Pascal P 2010 Acta Phys. Sin. 59 4646 (in Chinese) [李俊昌, 彭祖杰, Tankam Patrice, Picart Pascal 2010 59 4646]
[2] Li J C, Fan Z B, Patrice T, Song Q H, Pascal P 2011 Acta Phys. Sin. 60 034204 (in Chinese) [李俊昌, 樊则宾, Tankam Patrice, 宋庆和, Picart Pascal 2011 60 034204]
[3] Cui H K, Wang D Y, Wang Y X, Liu C G, Zhao J, Li Y 2011 Acta Phys. Sin. 60 044201 (in Chinese) [崔华坤, 王大勇, 王云新, 刘长庚, 赵洁, 李艳 2011 60 044201]
[4] Wu Y C, Wu X C, Wang Z H, Chen L H, Zhou H, Cen K F 2011 Acta Opt. Sin. 31 1109001 (in Chinese) [吴迎春, 吴学成, 王智化, 陈玲红, 周昊, 岑可法 2011 光学学报 31 1109001]
[5] Zhang F, Pedrini G, Osten W 2007 Phys. Rev. A 75 043805
[6] Lou S, Ding Z L, Yuan F 2009 Acta Opt. Sin. 29 2768 (in Chinese) [娄帅, 丁振良, 袁峰 2009 光学学报 29 2768]
[7] Zhou G Z, Tong Y J, Chen C, Ren Y Q, Wang Y D, Xiao T Q 2011 Acta Phys. Sin. 60 028701 (in Chinese) [周光照, 佟亚军, 陈灿, 任玉琦, 王玉丹, 肖体乔 2011 60 028701]
[8] Zhou G Z, Wang Y D, Ren Y Q, Chen C, Ye L L, Xiao T Q 2012 Acta Phys. Sin. 61 018701 (in Chinese) [周光照, 王玉丹, 任玉琦, 陈灿, 叶琳琳, 肖体乔 2012 61 018701]
[9] Huang L X, Yao J, Gao F H, Chen J M, Gong A L 2010 Chin. J. Lasers 37 3066 (in Chinese) [黄利新, 姚军, 高福华, 陈剑鸣, 宫爱玲 2010 中国激光 37 3066]
[10] Xu N H, Tan Q F, Jin G F 2010 Chinese J. Lasers 37 1800 (in Chinese) [徐宁汉, 谭峭峰, 金国藩 2010 中国激光 37 1800]
[11] Li M, Li X Y, Jiang W H 2007 High Power Laser and Particle Beams 19 611 (in Chinese) [李敏, 李新阳, 姜文汉 2007 强激光与粒子束 19 611]
[12] Wei G X, Lu L L, Guo C S, Wang H T 2009 Appl. Opt. 48 5099
[13] Guo C S, Lu L L, Wei G X, He J L, Tong D M 2009 Opt. Lett. 34 1813
[14] Nakajima N 2008 J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 25 742
[15] Nakajima N 2011 Opt. Lett. 36 2284
[16] Guo C S, Liang K, Zhang X T, Wang H T 2010 Opt. Lett. 35 850
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