不同取向角下CO2分子波长依赖的垂直谐波效率

李雁鹏; 于术娟; 陈彦军

doi:10.7498/aps.64.183102

摘要

通过数值计算, 研究了强激光场中CO2 分子在不同波长和取向角下产生的高次谐波辐射的效率. 发现CO2 分子的垂直谐波效率在较小的和中间的取向角时倾向于与平行谐波效率可比或更高, 而在较大的取向角时, 垂直谐波效率远低于平行谐波效率. 进一步的分析表明, CO2 分子的结构对其垂直谐波效率有重要的影响, 且该影响与波长有关. 建议对于较复杂的分子, 应该在分子的轨道成像实验中考虑垂直谐波的贡献.

关键词:

In this paper, we numerically study the efficiencies of high-order harmonic generation (HHG) from CO2 molecule exposed to strong laser fields with different laser wavelengths and different orientation angles. Through calculating the HHG spectra in the directions parallel and perpendicular to the laser polarization, we show that the efficiency of perpendicular harmonics can be higher than or comparable to the parallel ones at the relatively small and intermediate orientation angles in some wavelength cases. At larger angles, the efficiency of perpendicular harmonics is generally lower than the parallel one. Further analyses show that the structure of the CO2 molecule plays an important role in the HHG efficiency and this role is also related to the laser wavelength. Specifically, we show that the relative yields of perpendicular harmonic versus parallel harmonic are closely associated with the parallel and perpendicular dipoles of the molecule. Due to the effect of two-center interference, the parallel or perpendicular dipoles of the molecule show some deep hollows in some energy regions, which depend on the molecular orientation, and so do the corresponding parallel and perpendicular harmonics. As the parallel harmonics are suppressed due to the interference effect strongly in some energy regions, the yields of the perpendicular harmonics, which are not subjected to the interference effect in the corresponding energy regions, can be higher than the parallel one. As a result, the integrated harmonic yield (i.e., the harmonic efficiency) in the perpendicular case can be higher than the parallel one, especially for the cases with short laser wavelengths and small orientation angles. In these cases, the interference effect induces the suppression of parallel harmonics in the whole HHG plateau. We therefore expect that the interference effect plays an important role in the HHG efficiency in these cases. For the case of long laser wavelength, the HHG plateau extends to high energy region and the main contributions to the integrated HHG yield can come from harmonics out of the interference-effect-dominating region. As a result, the interference effect plays a smaller role in determining the HHG efficiencies of parallel and perpendicular harmonics, in comparison with the case of short laser wavelength. For large orientation angles, the value of the perpendicular dipole is smaller than the parallel one in a wide energy region, and accordingly, the perpendicular harmonics are weaker than the parallel ones on the whole. As a rule, the parallel efficiency is usually higher than the perpendicular one. As the perpendicular harmonic can contribute importantly to the harmonic emission in some cases, our results suggest that for the complicated molecule, the perpendicular harmonics should be considered in the molecular orbital tomography experiments.

Keywords:

作者及机构信息

1.
陕西师范大学物理学与信息技术学院, 西安 710119;

2.
河北师范大学物理科学与信息工程学院, 石家庄 050024

通信作者: 于术娟, yushujuan1129@163.com;chenyanjun@snnu.edu.cn ; 陈彦军, yushujuan1129@163.com;chenyanjun@snnu.edu.cn

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金(批准号: 11274090)和中央高校基本科研业务费专项基金(批准号: GK201403002) 资助的课题.

Authors and contacts

1.
College of Physics and Information Technology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China;

2.
College of Physics and Information Engineering, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, China

Corresponding author: Yu Shu-Juan, yushujuan1129@163.com;chenyanjun@snnu.edu.cn ; Chen Yan-Jun, yushujuan1129@163.com;chenyanjun@snnu.edu.cn

Funds: Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 11274090) and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities, China (Grant No. GK201403002).

参考文献

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施引文献

[1]	Corkum P B 1993 Phys. Rev. Lett. 71 1994
[2]	Antoine P, L’Huillier A, Lewenstein M 1996 Phys. Rev. Lett. 77 1234
[3]	Zou P, Li R X, Zeng Z N, Xiong H, Liu P, Leng Y X, Fan P Z, Xu Z Z 2010 Chin. Phys. B 19 019501
[4]	Zheng J, Sheng Z M, Zhang J 2005 Acta Phys. Sin. 54 2638(in Chinese) [郑君, 盛政明, 张杰 2005 54 2638]
[5]	Paul P M, Toma E S, Breger P 2001 Science 292 1689
[6]	Hentschel M, Kienberger R 2001 Nature 414 509
[7]	Chen J G, Yang Y J, Zeng S L, Liang H Q 2011 Phys. Rev. A 83 023401
[8]	Zeng T T, Li P C, Zhou X X 2014 Acta Phys. Sin. 63 203201(in Chinese) [曾婷婷, 李鹏程, 周效信 2014 63 203201]
[9]	Christov I P, Zhou J, Peatross J, Rundquist A, Murnane M M, Kapteyn H C 1996 Phys. Rev. Lett. 77 1743
[10]	Ditmire T, Kulander K, Crane J, Nguyen H, Perry M 1996 J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 13 406
[11]	Tate J, Auguste T, Muller H G, Salières P, Agostini P, DiMauro L F 2007 Phys. Rev. Lett. 98 013901
[12]	Schiessl K, Ishikawa K L, Persson E, Burgdörer J 2007 Phys. Rev. Lett. 99 253903
[13]	Frolov M V, Manakov N L, Starace A F 2008 Phys. Rev. Lett. 100 173001
[14]	Yakovlev V, Ivanov M, Krausz F 2007 Opt. Express 15 15351
[15]	Lan P F, Eiji J T, Katsumi M 2010 Phys. Rev. A 81 061802
[16]	Liu C D, Zeng Z N, Wei P F, Liu P, Li R X, Xu Z Z 2010 Phys. Rev. A 81 033426
[17]	Falcao-Filho E L, Gkortsas V M, Gordon A, Katner F X 2009 Opt. Express 17 11217
[18]	Pérez-Hernández J A, Roso L, Plaja L 2009 Opt. Express 17 9891
[19]	Jin C, Le A T, Lin C D 2011 Phys. Rev. A 83 023411
[20]	Austin D R, Biegert J 2012 Phys. Rev. A 86 023813
[21]	Auguste T, Catoire F, Agostini P, DiMauro L F, Chirila C C, Yakovlev V S, Salières P 2012 New J. Phys. 14 103014
[22]	Le A T, Wei H, Jin C, Tuoc V N, Morishita T, Lin C D 2014 Phys. Rev. Lett. 113 033001
[23]	Cui X, Li S Y, Guo F M, Tian Y Y, Chen J G, Zeng S L, Yang Y J 2015 Acta Phys. Sin. 64 043201(in Chinese) [崔鑫, 李苏宇, 郭福明, 田原野, 陈基根, 曾思良, 杨玉军 2015 64 043201]
[24]	Shan B, Chang Z 2001 Phys. Rev. A 65 011804
[25]	Yu S J, Zhang B, Li Y P, Yang S P, Chen Y J 2014 Phys. Rev. A 90 053844
[26]	Zeng Z, Cheng Y, Song X, Li R, Xu Z 2007 Phys. Rev. Lett. 98 203901
[27]	Zhao D, Li F L 2013 Chin. Phys. B 22 064215
[28]	Feng L Q, Liu H 2015 Chin. Phys. B 24 034206
[29]	Diao H H, Zheng Y H, Zhong Y, Zeng Z N, Ge X C, Li C, Li R X, Xu Z Z 2014 Chin. Phys. B 23 104210
[30]	Ge X L, Du H, Wang Q, Guo J, Liu X S 2015 Chin. Phys. B 24 023201
[31]	Shiner A D, Trallero-Herrero C, Kajumba N, Bandulet H C, Comtois D, Légaré F, Giguère M, Kieffer J C, Corkum P B, Villeneuve D M 2009 Phys. Rev. Lett. 103 073902
[32]	Chen Y J, Zhang B 2011 Phys. Rev. A 84 053402
[33]	Zhang B, Chen Y J, Jiang X Q, Sun X D 2013 Phys. Rev. A 88 053428
[34]	Itatani J, Zeidler D, Levesque J, Spanner M, Villeneuve D M, Corkum P B 2005 Phys. Rev. Lett. 94 123902
[35]	Levesque J, Zeidler D, Marangos J P, Corkum P B, Villeneuve D M 2007 Phys. Rev. Lett. 98 183903
[36]	Patchkovskii S, Zhao Z, Brabec T, Villeneuve D M 2006 Phys. Rev. Lett. 97 123003
[37]	Torres R, Kajumba N, Underwood J G, Robinson J S, Baker S, Tisch J W G, de Nalda R, Bryan W A, Velotta R, Altucci C, Turcu I C E, Marangos J P 2007 Phys. Rev. Lett. 98 203007
[38]	Le V H, Le A T, Xie R H, Lin C D 2007 Phys. Rev. A 76 013414
[39]	Chen Y J, Hu B 2009 J. Chem. Phys. 131 244109
[40]	Itatani J, Levesque J, Zeidler D, Hiromichi N, Pepin H, Kieffer J C, Corkum P B, Villeneuve D M 2004 Nature 432 867
[41]	Chen Y J, Liu J 2008 Phys. Rev. A 77 013410
[42]	Chen Y J, Chen J, Liu J 2006 Phys. Rev. A 74 063405

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