通信波长频率一致纠缠光源的频谱测量

王盟盟; 权润爱; 邰朝阳; 侯飞雁; 刘涛; 张首刚; 董瑞芳

doi:10.7498/aps.63.194206

摘要

本文利用光栅单色仪实现了对超短脉冲抽运周期极化磷酸氧钛钾晶体产生的通信波长频率一致纠缠光子源的频谱特性分析. 测量到双光子的联合频谱呈正关联分布，为频率一致纠缠光源. 信号光、闲置光中心波长分别为1574.4 nm和1574.9 nm，频谱宽度分别为35.3 nm和37.6 nm，双光子符合包络宽度约为3 nm. 根据单光子频谱宽度与双光子符合包络宽度的比值可以得到双光子的频率纠缠参量R约为12，表征了信号光子与闲置光子之间具有较高的频率纠缠度.

关键词:

Abstract

The frequency entangled biphoton source generated via spontaneous parametric down-conversion (SPDC) process has found important applications in the fields of quantum clock synchronization, quantum communication, quantum information processing, etc. As quantum technologies evolve, quantitative characterization of the frequency entanglement becomes necessary and has been implemented by measuring the spectral properties of the biphoton state. However, due to the high dark rate and low quantum efficiency of the InGaAs single-photon detectors, direct measurement of the spectral properties of the biphoton state at optical communication wavelength is hard to implement. In this paper, we report the measurement of the spectral properties of a biphoton state at optical communication wavelength which is generated from periodically poled potassium titanyl phosphate (PPKTP) pumped by an ultra-short pulsed optical source at 787 nm. Based on the coincidence measurement setup together with two infrared spectrometers, the spectra of the signal and idler photons are obtained with their center wavelengths being 1574.4 nm and 1574.9 nm, while their 3-dB bandwidths being 35.3 nm and 37.6 nm respectively. The joint spectrum of the photon pair is observed as well and shows a coincident-frequency entanglement and a joint spectrum bandwidth of 3 nm. According to the ratio of the single-photon spectral bandwidth to the joint spectral bandwidth of the photon pairs, the degree of frequency entanglement is quantified to be 12, denoting a relatively high quality of the entanglement.

Keywords:

作者及机构信息

1.
中国科学院国家授时中心, 中国科学院时间频率基准重点实验室, 西安 710600;

2.
中国科学院大学, 北京 100049

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金（批准号：Y133ZK1101，11174282，91336108）、中科院“西部之光”计划重点项目（批准号：中科院人教字（2011）180号）、科技创新“交叉与合作团队”项目（批准号：中科院人教字（2012）119号）和中组部“青年拔尖人才支持计划”项目（批准号：组厅字[2013]33号）资助的课题.

Authors and contacts

1.
Key Laboratory of Time and Frequency Primary Standards, National Time Service Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an 710600, China;

2.
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

Funds: Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 11174282, 61127901, 91336108), the key fund for the "Western light" Talent Cultivation Plan of the CAS, China, and the "Cross and Cooperative" Science and Technology Innovation Team Project of the CAS, China.

参考文献

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[40]	Rubin M H, Klyshko D N, Shih Y H, Sergienko A V 1994 Phys. Rev. A 50 5122
[41]	Quan R A, Wang M M, Hou F Y, Tai Z Y, Liu T, Zhang S G, Dong R F 2014 to be submitted
[42]	Valencia A, Ceré, Shi X, Molina-Terriza G, Torres J P 2007 Phys. Rev. Lett. 99 243601

施引文献

[1]	Genovese M 2005 Phys. Rep. 413 3197
[2]	Walton Z D, Booth M C, Sergienko A V, Saleh B E A, Teich M C 2003 Phys. Rev. A 67 053810
[3]	Bouwmeester D, Ekert A, Zeilinger A 2000 The Physics of Quantum Information (Berlin:Springer-Verlag)
[4]	Keller T E, Rubin M H 1997 Phys. Rev. A 56 1534
[5]	Giovannetti V, Lloyd S, Maccone L 2001 Phys. Rev. Lett. 87 117902
[6]	Valencia A, Scarcelli G, Shih Y 2004 Appl. Phys. Lett. 85 2635
[7]	Jozsa R, Abrams D S, Dowling J P, Williams C P 2000 Phys. Rev. Lett. 85 2010
[8]	Pittman T B, Shih Y H, Strekalov D V, Sergienko A V 1995 Phys. Rev. A 52 3429
[9]	Altman A R, Köprl K G, Corndorf E, Kumar P, Barbosa G A 2005 Phys. Rev. Lett. 94 123601
[10]	Erkmen B I, Shapiro J H 2009 Phys. Rev. A 79 023833
[11]	Giovannetti V, Lloyd S, Maccone L 2004 Science 306 1330
[12]	Thompson J K, Simon J, Loh H, Vuletic V 2006 Science 313 74
[13]	Choi K S, Deng H, Laurat J, Kimble H J 2008 Nature 452 67
[14]	Aspelmeyer M, B\"ohm H R, Gyatso T, Jennewein T, Kaltenbaek R 2003 Science 301 621
[15]	Steane A M, Lucas D M 2000 Fortschr. Phys. 48 9
[16]	Bennett C H, DiVincenzo D 2000 Nature 404 247
[17]	Ralph T C, Gilchrist A, Milburn G J, Munro W J, Glancy S 2003 Phys. Rev. A 68 042319
[18]	Lund A P, Ralph T C, Haselgrove H L 2008 Phys. Rev. Lett. 100 030503
[19]	Marek P, Fiurasek J 2010 Phys. Rev. A 82 014304
[20]	Xiang G Y, Guo G C 2013 Chin. Phys. B 22 110601
[21]	Abouraddy A F, Nasr M B, Saleh B E A, SErgienko A V, Teich M C 2002 Phys. Rev. A 65 053817
[22]	Carrasco S, Torres G P, Sergienko A V, Saleh B E A, Teich M C 2004 Opt. Lett. 29 2429
[23]	Nasr M B, Carrasco S, Saleh B E A, Sergienko A V, Teich M C, Torres J P, Torner L, Hum D S, Fejer M M 2008 Phys. Rev. Lett. 100 183601
[24]	Jeff S, Michiel M 2001 Rev. Sci. Instrum. 72 2855
[25]	Brasselet S, Floc’h V L, Treussart F, Roch J F, Zyss J, Botzung-Appert E, Ibanez A 2003 Phys. Rev. Lett. 92 207401
[26]	Dayan B, Pe’er A, Friesem A A, Silberberg Y 2004 Phys. Rev. Lett. 93 023005
[27]	Nunn J, Wright L J, Soller C, Zhang L, Walmsley I A, Smith B J 2013 Optics Express 21 15959
[28]	Carcelli G, Valencia A, Gompers S, Shih Y 2004 Appl. Phys. Lett. 83 5560
[29]	Yabushita A, Kobayashi T 2004 Phys. Rev. A 69 013806
[30]	Kalachev A A, Kalashnikov D A, Kalainkin A A, Mitrofanova T G, Shkalikov A V, Samartsev V V 2008 Laser Phys. Lett. 5 600
[31]	Kim Y H, Grice W P 2005 Opt. Lett. 30 908
[32]	Fedorov M V, Efremov M A, Volkov P A, Eberly J H 2006 J. Phys. B: At. Mol. Opt. Phys. 39 S467
[33]	Mikhailova Y M, Volkov P A, Fedorov M V 2008 Phys. Rev. A 78 062327
[34]	Avenhaus M, Chekhova M V, Krivitsky L A, Leuchs G, Silberhorn C 2009 Phys. Rev. A 79 043836
[35]	Giovannetti V, Maccone L, Shapiro J H, Wong F N C 2002 Phys. Rev. A 66 043813
[36]	Kuzucu O, Fiorentino M, Albota M A, Wong F N C, Ka¨rtner F X 2005 Phys. Rev. Lett. 94 083601
[37]	Kuzucu O 2008 Ph. D. Dissertation (Cambridge: Massachusetts Institute of Technology) (in American)
[38]	Kim Y H 2005 Opt. Lett. 30 908
[39]	Zhang Y, Quan R A, Bai Y, Hou F Y, Liu T, Zhang S G, Dong R F 2013 Acta Phys. Sin. 62 144206
[40]	Rubin M H, Klyshko D N, Shih Y H, Sergienko A V 1994 Phys. Rev. A 50 5122
[41]	Quan R A, Wang M M, Hou F Y, Tai Z Y, Liu T, Zhang S G, Dong R F 2014 to be submitted
[42]	Valencia A, Ceré, Shi X, Molina-Terriza G, Torres J P 2007 Phys. Rev. Lett. 99 243601

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