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以LaH2, CeH2纳米粉和无定形B粉为原料, 通过放电等离子烧结原位合成法制备了单相、高致密度的LaxCe1-xB6稀土六硼化物. 系统研究了该系列化合物的晶体结构、表面织构、力学性能、电输运特性及热发射性能. 结果表明, 该方法制备出的样品致密度均高于96%, 维氏硬度最高值达到2310 kg/mm2, 说明具有良好的力学性能. 热发射结果表明, 当阴极温度为1873 K, 外加电压为1 kV时, La0.6Ce0.4B6的最大发射电流密度达到40.7 A/cm2, 该值高于单纯LaB6和CeB6电流密度值. 因此, LaxCe1-xB6多元稀土六硼化物作为热阴极材料将有良好的应用前景.Polycrystalline rare-earth hexaboride (LaxCe1-x)B6 were prepared by means of the reactive spark plasma sintering (SPS), using mixed powders of GdH2, NdH2 and B. The crystal structure, surface texture, mechanical property, electrical resistivity, and thermionic emission properties of the sintered samples were investigated. It is found that all the samples sintered by SPS exhibit high densily (>96%) and high value of Vickers hardness (2310 kg/mm2), which are much higher than those made by traditional method. Thermionic emission results indicate that the maximum emission current density of La0.6Ce0.4B6 is 40.7 A/cm2 under the applied voltage of 1 kV at 1873 K, which is larger than that of LaB6 and CeB6. Thus, the mixed cystal of borides (LaxCe1-x)B6, as a cathode, promises good prospects in application.
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Keywords:
- rare-earth hexaboride /
- cathode materials /
- thermionic emission
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[2] Mandrus D, Sales B C, Jin R 2001 Phys. Rev. B 64 012302
[3] Nishitani R, Aono M, TanaKa T, Kawai S, Iwasaki H, Oshima C, Nakamura S 1980 Surf. Sci. 95 341
[4] Bao L H, Zhang J X, Zhang N, Li X N, Zhou S L 2012 Phys. Scr. 85 035710
[5] Bao L H, Zhang J X, Zhou S L, Tegus 2011Chin. Phys. B 20 058101
[6] Carlsson M, Garcia F J, Johnsson M, Gulian A 2005 Journal of Materials Science 40 2991
[7] Mituko O 1976 J. Crystal Growth 33 193
[8] Kou Z Q Ma X, Di N L, Li Q A, Cheng Z H 2005 Chin. Phys. 14 1896
[9] Wang S, Pomjakushina E, Shiroka T, Deng G, Nikseresht N, Ruegg C, Conder K 2010 J. Crystal Growth 313 51
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[11] Storms E K, Mueller B A 1981 J. Appl. Phys. 52 2966
[12] Liu S P, Yang Q S, Chen W P, Liu J X, Li Z H 2006 Rare Metals and Cemented Carbides 34 8 (in Chinese) [柳术平, 杨庆山, 陈卫平, 刘甲祥, 李中华 2006 稀有金属与硬质合金 34 8]
[13] Gao R L, Yu H S, Yu J L, Han J D, Min G H, Yang X L 2002 Journal of shandong university 32 595 (in Chinese) [高瑞兰, 于化顺, 于晋涟, 韩建德, 闵光辉, 杨晓亮 2002 山东大学学报 32 595]
[14] Zhou S L, Zhang J X, Liu D M, Lin Z L, Huang Q Z, Bao L H, Ma R G, Wei Y F 2010 Acta Mater 58 4978
[15] Zhou S L, Liu D M, Zhang J X 2008 J. Inorganic Materials 23 1199 (in Chinese) [周身林, 刘丹敏, 张久兴 2008 无机材料学报 23 1199]
[16] Zhou S L, Liu D M, Zhang J X, Jin S 2009 Rare Metal Materials and Engineering 38 313 (in Chinese) [周身林, 刘丹敏, 张久兴, 金帅 2009 稀有金属材料与工程 38 313]
[17] Uijttewaal M A, De Wijs G A, Groot R A 2006 J. Phys. Chem. B 110 18462
[18] Jin X, Liu X S, Huang S R, Cai G H 1995 High Power Laser and Particle Beams 7 555 (in Chinese) [金晓, 刘锡三, 黄孙仁, 蔡公和 1995 强激光与粒子束 7 555]
[19] Wang H B, Xu Z, Lu H P, Deng R P, Yang X, Gan K Y, Jin X, Li M, Liu X S 2005 High Power Laser and Particle Beams 17 932 (in Chinese) [王汉斌, 许州, 卢和平, 邓仁培, 杨肖, 甘孔银, 金晓, 黎明, 刘锡三 2005 强激光与粒子束 17 932]
[20] Yao J F, Chen X, Jiang J P, Li J, Gao Y J, Yan S Q, Chen Q L 2002 Vacuum Electronics 1 1 (in Chinese) [姚剑峰, 陈旭, 江剑平, 李季, 高玉娟, 阎肃秋, 陈其略 2002 真空电子技术 1 1]
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[1] Lafferty J M 1951 J. Appl. Phys. 22 299
[2] Mandrus D, Sales B C, Jin R 2001 Phys. Rev. B 64 012302
[3] Nishitani R, Aono M, TanaKa T, Kawai S, Iwasaki H, Oshima C, Nakamura S 1980 Surf. Sci. 95 341
[4] Bao L H, Zhang J X, Zhang N, Li X N, Zhou S L 2012 Phys. Scr. 85 035710
[5] Bao L H, Zhang J X, Zhou S L, Tegus 2011Chin. Phys. B 20 058101
[6] Carlsson M, Garcia F J, Johnsson M, Gulian A 2005 Journal of Materials Science 40 2991
[7] Mituko O 1976 J. Crystal Growth 33 193
[8] Kou Z Q Ma X, Di N L, Li Q A, Cheng Z H 2005 Chin. Phys. 14 1896
[9] Wang S, Pomjakushina E, Shiroka T, Deng G, Nikseresht N, Ruegg C, Conder K 2010 J. Crystal Growth 313 51
[10] Storms E K 1981 J. Appl. Phys. 52 2961
[11] Storms E K, Mueller B A 1981 J. Appl. Phys. 52 2966
[12] Liu S P, Yang Q S, Chen W P, Liu J X, Li Z H 2006 Rare Metals and Cemented Carbides 34 8 (in Chinese) [柳术平, 杨庆山, 陈卫平, 刘甲祥, 李中华 2006 稀有金属与硬质合金 34 8]
[13] Gao R L, Yu H S, Yu J L, Han J D, Min G H, Yang X L 2002 Journal of shandong university 32 595 (in Chinese) [高瑞兰, 于化顺, 于晋涟, 韩建德, 闵光辉, 杨晓亮 2002 山东大学学报 32 595]
[14] Zhou S L, Zhang J X, Liu D M, Lin Z L, Huang Q Z, Bao L H, Ma R G, Wei Y F 2010 Acta Mater 58 4978
[15] Zhou S L, Liu D M, Zhang J X 2008 J. Inorganic Materials 23 1199 (in Chinese) [周身林, 刘丹敏, 张久兴 2008 无机材料学报 23 1199]
[16] Zhou S L, Liu D M, Zhang J X, Jin S 2009 Rare Metal Materials and Engineering 38 313 (in Chinese) [周身林, 刘丹敏, 张久兴, 金帅 2009 稀有金属材料与工程 38 313]
[17] Uijttewaal M A, De Wijs G A, Groot R A 2006 J. Phys. Chem. B 110 18462
[18] Jin X, Liu X S, Huang S R, Cai G H 1995 High Power Laser and Particle Beams 7 555 (in Chinese) [金晓, 刘锡三, 黄孙仁, 蔡公和 1995 强激光与粒子束 7 555]
[19] Wang H B, Xu Z, Lu H P, Deng R P, Yang X, Gan K Y, Jin X, Li M, Liu X S 2005 High Power Laser and Particle Beams 17 932 (in Chinese) [王汉斌, 许州, 卢和平, 邓仁培, 杨肖, 甘孔银, 金晓, 黎明, 刘锡三 2005 强激光与粒子束 17 932]
[20] Yao J F, Chen X, Jiang J P, Li J, Gao Y J, Yan S Q, Chen Q L 2002 Vacuum Electronics 1 1 (in Chinese) [姚剑峰, 陈旭, 江剑平, 李季, 高玉娟, 阎肃秋, 陈其略 2002 真空电子技术 1 1]
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